Ancient Greece

A monarchy aided by a military elite that controlled the economy

If you want an answer, give 'these'.

The successful ones they admired and supported. The failed ones went into oblivion.

The Greeks could learn that Greece is not as big as the circumference of the Earth. This would lead to new countries, like America.

No mechanical or air transport - walk, ride a mule or cart or if possible ride in a boat.

Like Justinian's code of Rome, The Code of Hammurabi distinguished between social classes. If someone was of a lower class, the punishment was harsher for them than that of a higher social class. Also, both law systems illustrated the "eye for an eye" policy. If someone was a victim of a crime, the person who committed the crime would have the same thing done to them, unless of course they were of different social classes in which case the punishment would be a proportion.

Both had their settlement based on river valleys and seashores.

they used these catapults for war and destruction!

It seems that it will. We still play Greek plays, and new words are very often based on Greek words like all the psy- words (psychology), democracy (demos = people, kratein = to have power), and thousands of others.

the difficulty of transportation led to the creation of many isolated communities.

He is mostly reliable as a source of information but this should be checked against other sources. He is prone to exaggeration (eg his description of the Persian army which invaded Greece gives the total levy of the Persian Empire at over two million soldiers, whereas probably only a tenth of that was selected to form the invasion force - so the gross numbers were correct, but he doesn't define those who actually went. Similarly his Persian fleet of 1200 was correct, but only the best 600 actually were used).

The real problem is that the other historians who covered the period were much more unreliable than he was.

During his life, Alexander conquered the known world. He controlled Greece, captured Persia and Egypt and built many cities throughout his conquests, many named after him [Alexandria]. He was king of Macedonia and Pharaoh of Egypt.

to create order. although some people thought it was anarchy

Marathon was a plain, not a city. It was owned by Athens. They fought a battle against a Persian amphibious punitive expedition sent by Persia in 490 BCE.

Greeks have always had their own language which was Greek. Greek is one of the world's oldest recorded living languages.

The history of the Greek Language begins around the late 3rd millennium BC.

In the classical period, about 500 BC, there were three versions of the Greek language. People who spoke one variety had difficulty understanding another type. Still, the languages were close enough that some people could understand the other speakers. Around 330 BC, Alexander the Great created Koine Greek by taking features from the different versions of Greek that he liked and made all Greeks use that as their language. After that, Greeks spoke Koine Greek in Greece and wherever Greeks settled from Spain to India. Until about 100 AD, a person could walk from Scotland to India using only Koine Greek.

Some were large and had major facilities, farming territory, economic and trade, and secure walls, some were little more than villages. And a wide range in between.

There was also a wide range of political systems which changed over time, back and forth - monarchies, oligarchies, democracies, tyrannies.

Sports weren't exactly played as they are today, and I am aware of no team sports, but at religious festivals and elite funerals, there were often Games, with competitions in events such as running, wrestling, chariot racing, javelin throwing and discus throwing, as well as less sporty events such as a competition for heralds.

The strolling bards sang his songs as they travelled around the cities - important in an age when there was no TV or movies.

Darius was the third king of the Persian Empire and the father of Xerxes I (the king of Persia mentioned in 300). He was the first Persian to attempt to invade Greece and was ultimately defeated at the Battle of Marathon in 490 BC.

To work diligently to support themselves and their family, to observe religious festivals, to raise families, to attend political assemblies, and to turn out to defend their city-state.

The formula for Greek Fire is unknown.

The exact formula is not precisely known; however, ancient references mention mixtures of liquid petroleum, naphtha, burning pitch, sulfur, resin, etc., a "secret ingredient" (phosphorus?). Essentially, it was the ancient version of napalm, and like napalm, it stuck to what it was sprayed on & was virtually impossible to extinguish. It was the supreme terror weapon of the Eastern Roman (Byzantine) Empire that helped sustain their power for centuries. In navel battles, they had flamethrower-like devices mounted on the front of their warships which squirted it out onto enemy's vessels. The best book for info on this is: "A history of the Greek Fire and Gunpowder" by J.R. Partington...

Tyrants.

Note: In Ancient Greece, the word "tyrant" meant "ruler," not "evil despot."

Depends on where they were employed. Household slaves worked until their masters went to bed. Slaves in the fields did sunup to sundown. Slaves in the mines worked until they died.

Council of 500 (chosen by lottery)= executive branch

Assembly of Citizens = legislative branch

Jury System = judicial branch

Attica,

the smaller peninsula in the Peloponnese in southern Greece and

the Chalkidiki peninsula in Macedonia, northern Greece