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Babylon
This ancient city state of Mesopotamia was known for housing the Hanging Gardens of Babylon, one of the wonders of the ancient world. It was in the Fertile Crescent and located just south of modern day Baghdad.
1,861 Questions
"An eye for an eye ..." is a paraphrase of Hammurabi's Code, a collection of 282 laws inscribed on an upright stone pillar. The code was found by French archaeologists in 1901 while excavating the ancient city of Susa, which is in modern-day Iran. Hammurabi is the best known and most celebrated of all Mesopotamian kings. He ruled the Babylonian Empire from 1792-50 B.C.E. Although he was concerned with keeping order in his kingdom, this was not his only reason for compiling the list of laws. When he began ruling the city-state of Babylon, he had control of no more than 50 square miles of territory. As he conquered other city-states and his empire grew, he saw the need to unify the various groups he controlled.
Why did the king Babylon praise the god Daneil?
Daniel was not a god, he was a faithful isralite that loved the Lord and prayed 3 times a day, God had honored him with grace, favor, and wisdom to interpret dreams.
How did the code of Hammurabi influenced political thought?
It punished people based on the crime. What you did shall be done to you. "eye for an eye tooth for a tooth" We still use it to this day, for example if you kill someone you get life in prison.
What did jb Priestley do in world war 1?
John Boynton Priestley was an English novelist, playwright and broadcaster. During WW I Priestley served with the Duke of Wellington's and Devon regiments, and survived the front lines in Flanders.
What type of lever did the onager catapult use?
It relied on a torsion (twisting) to provide the energy for the throw, as opposed to a counterweight.
Where is the Hammurabi Monument located?
In the Louvre, Paris. Aa replica is kept at the University Pennsylvania Museum of Anthropology and Archaeology.
When did Hammurabi create Marduk?
Marduk the Babylonian name of a late-generation god from ancient Mesopotamia and patron deity of the city of Babylon, who, when Babylon became the political center of the Euphrates valley in the time of Hammurabi (18th century BCE), started to slowly rise to the position of the head of the Babylonian pantheon, a position he fully acquired by the second half of the second millennium BCE. The people in Babylon spoke akkadian and the first akkadian king was Sargon. He was famous for his conquest of the Sumerian city-states in the 23rd and 22nd centuries BC. The founder of the Dynasty of Akkad, Sargon reigned during the last quarter of the third millennium BC. By the time of Hammurabi, the only written texts about Sargon glorified him as god which became known as Marduk because of languages. Hammurabi didnt create this god.
What does the code of Hammurabi suggest as the responsibilities for neighbors?
24. If persons are stolen, then shall the community and ... pay one mina of silver to their relatives.
What were the hanging gardens of Babylon made of?
The gardens are made of mud brick and stone, a series of terraces, one on top of the other. The hanging gardens are made by dried mud called mud brick. The mud brick was then use to make slabs sacked on top of each other to make the gardens.
"moses hated Hammurabi because the sorcerers beleved he was on the dark side. Hammurabi liked moses ant first but then he hated him because of the consequences JK"
Oh no.
This is anacronistic. Imagine, the Babylonian king Ha.mur.Apil (= Hamurabi) was living in the time of Abraham - and Moses some centuries later is the son of the Levi tribe, Levi is son of Jacob son of Isaac son of Abraham. Historical research assumed the king "Amraphel" of the bible story was Hamurabi - one of those 3 kings who went with the king of Elam, and in that time Elam was the kingdom where Sodom, Gomorrha and the cities near the Salt Sea were colonies from, founded to work with finding and sending asphalt the cities needed to make wells - maybe even for cooking or industrial heating. some years they did this works, then they finished to send their duty production.
In this time Lot, the nephew of Abraham, was an inhabitant in the city of Sodom, too, but not related to those folks. When the 4 kings' military-expedition came to bring their colonists back from there, because they didn't do their job, they caught - by error - the family and sheeps of Lot, and deprtated them too, without making any difference between foreigners, guests, and inhabitants, guilty or not guilty. Abraham heard this and fought the expedition of the 4 great kings in sake to free his own nephew, and he won this battle and the lands, but decided to take no fee from this acting. He finished the war and made his peace, and ok.
The name of Hamurabi is famous today in zhe sciences of law and in the science of ancient languages. as he was in his time, because he gave a very good ancient law, the "Codex Hamurabi" for his kingdom near the river of Euphrat, connecting about 40 communities together, all of them ruling by the same law they wished to have themselves.
The articles begin each with "shoomeshoo aveelum..." (= Take the case, a man ...") (in Babylonian language the name of Abel is "man") - this law was written in cuneiform ceremonial-signs, engraved in a great black stone and this was to visit in the temple of Mar.duk.u, the city power (g*d) of Babel city. Each visitor and each inhabitant could go there and look and read it by himself, if he could read this, he knew the rules and - if guilty to have broken some of the rules he should know the consequences for this acting. The inhabitants of Babel had to learn reading and writing this text of their law. The first step was to read it aloud and to learn the words by heart, able to repeat the total law, then the disciples learnt to write these textes, then the first part of school was ok - the teacher got a little thanksgiving party and got a good meal, a ring and a cloth as gift from the parents of the disciple.
- Those youngsters who had finished their examination, could learn to write more textes, so we have in cuneiform-written relicts some stories who tell about their school life en detail. This form of law was surely not perfect, but was so good, that about 2'000 years later even the Roman's XII-Table Law (late time of the republic of Rome in the century before imperator Augustus who finished this by his new laws) was made similarly. They got it from the Greek's best written Codex, the Greeks got it from the Aramaic or Assyrian nations, etc.
The connection between Hamurabi and Moses is so:
when Moses began to lead the people of Israel from Egypt's lands through the deserts, his folks came with any trouble to him, all the time he alone should decide who was right and who not, or he should ask G'D about this and that - and this went on all the days. It was too much for 1 single old man. - His father-in-law, from the Kenite-priests the wife of Moses, Zipporah, came from, who lived withe the people of Israel in that deset-time to teach them in this situations, saw this and taught Moses to learn a form of Codex to decide a lot of daily troubles by a common Codex of about 70 articles, simply to look at: is this a case, do this (p.e. "If a person steals 1 sheep, he has to give 1 back, adding 4 sheeps more"). So he should devide his people in 1'000, in 100, in 10 fathers, and each group got 1 exemplar of this "Codex for all" (Mishpatim) to decide the simple questions in daily sorrows with the others. And Moses did so. Life became more easy for all of them, to have some rules.
You find this part of law in the Holy Bible, Book of Exodus, chpt.20-chpt.41
- assume, G'D gave His approbation to this. HE gives to the men the intelligence to think about society around himself, and a feeling for righteousness in each heart. Even people who never knew of HIM have the inner enlightenment from HIM to search a way to live with the others in a peaceful way within own self-given rules for "all" of their community, and even with similar structured communities they have contact to.
The Bible Law has some differences in these 70 articles, because in our religion all the people are equally born individuals - in Hamurabi's law there is a difference, if a person offends, hurts, kills or robbs a priest, a free man or an "nobody" - another difference is, that the family in Babylonian view is 1 together: if the architect builds a house and the house broke and killed the wife of that customer, the law ordered to kill the (innocent) wife of that architect, if a child, then one of his (innocent) child's of the architect. In the Bible Law each has to bear his own punishment for only his own guilt, not the analog-family. If somebody in Babel stole something from the temple's or king's compounds the punishment was more heavy - in the Bible Law there ist no other punishment if it was the king's own compound, and if it was stolen from the sanctuary in Jerusalem or the Holy Tent, there was no punishment at all (G'D owns all the world, we cannot make HIM poor). The Bible gives 5 groups of Laws, this ist only 1 group, called "Mischpatim". Other Laws are for only the Sanctuary's priests and the service's calendary, ritus and offerings, others for marriage, family-rules, others specifically national-heraldic, others for moral use. Maybe others didn't write such laws.
When Josua had settled the people of Israel in the Holy Land, the came together near the city of Sikhem between 2 mountains, the Codex was written engraved on a white stone and set up upon one of the mountains and was made holy to our G'D, the people of Israel promised now the contract between G'D and them for themselves standing there and all their descendants since then. Since then, if somebody had a doubt, he could visit the place on the mountain of Garizim and see himself the written articles for each - inhabitants or guests, Israelites or others - and ensure what is the common Codex in this land and nation inside its boundaries.
The Bibölical rulers called "The Judges" (Shophtim) had to perform these articles of law for all. Others are called Lawyers (Dajanim) and have to be at least 3 individuals, unto 70 of a Sanhedrin, they research all the Jewish written laws and have to find a decision (Din) in special cases. This is a difference: maybe, each former Nation had this, too - but maybe they didn't write it.
The Romans made it similar with their XII-Table-Law, they made a great exemplar in bronce and set it up on the Forum Romanum place between the "rostra" where the central Speaker's corner was.
Maybe the king Nimrud-story is sometimes mixed with Hamurabi, but it was a story with Abraham, telling a reason why he left the city of Ur - and Nimrud is told to have been the governor of Ur in the time of young Abram. This "king" is only mentioned in the descendant's list of Noah in the Bible. The Jewish Talmud tradition tells a story of a conflict between the belief of young Abram and the wooden-g*d-making industries in the kingdom of Nimrud, his father's job, too - and that Abram laughed about such a nonsense, to pray or bid something from "a piece of wood".
Some centuries later, this story is told also in the Holy Qur'an for the Muslim, about Abraham and a king Nimrud.
No telling such stories of Moses exists!
The Bible doesn't tell any "story" or criticism about Nimrud, and even doesn't call him a king, only that he was a great hunter and came out of an origin in a city-state near the Sumerian city-kingdoms to become an important hunter "in the eyes of G'D".
mfG WiT
Does babylonia go with irrigation?
of course Babylonia had a irrigation system, without water how would the plants in hanging gardens be able to survive, after all water is one of the building blocks to a Civilization.
Around what time of the roman empire the terms inch foot and yard were refined?
Roman contributions include the use of 12 as a base number (the foot is divided into 12 inches) and the words from which we derive many of our present measurement unit names. For example, the 12 divisions of the Roman "pes," or foot were called unciae. Our words "inch" and "ounce" are both derived from that Latin word.
How did the plants at the Hanging Gardens of Babylon stay green?
Accounts indicate that the garden was built by King Nebuchadnezzar, who ruled the city for 43 years starting in 605 BC (There is an alternative story that the gardens were built by the Assyrian Queen Semiramis during her five year reign starting in 810 BC). This was the height of the city's power and influence and King Nebuchadnezzar is known to have constructed an astonishing array of temples, streets, palaces and walls. According to accounts, the gardens were built to cheer up Neuchadnezzar's homesick wife, Amyitis. Amyitis, daughter of the king of the Medes, was married to Nebuchadnezzar to create an alliance between the two nations. The land she came from, though, was green, rugged and mountainous, and she found the flat, sun-baked terrain of Mesopotamia depressing. The king decided to relieve her depression by recreating her homeland through the building of an artificial mountain with rooftop gardens.
How did Hammurabi collect these laws?
The common basis for this law code is the lex talionis ("the law of the tooth"), showing that there was a common Semitic law of retribution in the ancient Near East, which is clearly reflected in the Pentateuch. Exodus 21:23--25, for example, reads: "But if there is serious injury, you are to take life for life, eye for eye, tooth for tooth, hand for hand, foot for foot..." However, the Old Testament law of the Israelites gave greater importance to the sanctity of Human life, whilst the secular law of Hammurabi gave priority to the protection of property, especially the property of the wealthy ruling classes.
Where were Nebuchadnezzar famous terraced gardens built?
Babylon (near present-day Al Hillah in Iraq)
Can you compare laws in ancient Babylon and modern day?
Those ancient laws where written as a code in the Hammurabi code. He was the king back then. Although the code was just back then, the modern world need more laws to cover each field if the modern technologies. For example cars; in a car crash, the Hammurabi code could not cover the case.
What is the significance of Hammurabi's codes?
t was the first ever written legal document! It teaches us about Mesopotamian society (like class divisions, political and economic factors) as well as it is the basis of our modern day legal code. Society wouldn't be the same if it weren't for this - it was the start of a civilized group of people
After Cyrus conquered Babylon did he appoint Darius as king over Babylon?
Cyrus the Great was king of Persia from about 560 to 530 BCE, conquering Babylon in 539 BCE. He was succeeded by his son, Cambyses, who was killed in battle in 522 BCE.
Bardia, who may have been the brother of Cambyses, usurped the throne while Cambyses was in the provinces, coincidently shortly before his death. Darius, although a Mede, would not accept the usurpation and overthrew Bardia in 522, ruling until 486 BCE. Prior to this, Darius was a military commander. Even if old enough to have held a military commission when Cyrus conquered Babylon, he would not have come to the attention of Cyrus, as a Mede and because Cyrus had at least one and probably two able sons.
Darius was scarcely a contemporary of Cyrus, but a great deal of confusion has arisen because of historical errors in the Book of Daniel, which places Darius before Cyrus in its account.
Why was Hammurabi's code a major step forward for human kind?
He coded laws in an order of fashion for the first time in history as far as we know. That was significant.
What European city would you find the famous Tivoli Gardens?
Tivoli Gardens is a famous amusement park and pleasure garden in Copenhagen, Denmark. The park opened on August 15, 1843 and is the second oldest amusement park in the world, after Dyrehavsbakken in nearby Klampenborg.
