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Budgeting and Forecasting

Budgeting and forecasting are business processes essential to a company’s operations. Budgeting involves planning for revenues and expenses. Forecasting is a method of predicting trends based on historical and current events.

1,416 Questions

Top audit firms in the world?

I think

Delloite

PWC

KPMG

E&Y

Every year the international audit networks report their revenue and for 2008 PWC, Deloitte, EY and KPMG were the top 4 (commonly named Big Four), and the rank between 5 & 10 (commonly called Mid-Tier) are BDO, GT, RSM, PKF, Baker Tilly and Horwath. However, not all Networks are constituted & governed in the same manner. For more information go to: The International Accounting Bulletin and top audit firm for 2008 are as below table:

Top International Networks / Associations by income: 2008

Firm Name

Currency

Income

Growth Rate

Year-end

PricewaterhouseCoopers International

USD

28,185.00

14.00

30/06/2008

Deloitte

USD

27,400.00

19.00

31/05/2008

Ernst & Young Global

USD

24,500.00

16.00

30/06/2008

KPMG International

USD

22,690.00

15.00

30/09/2008

BDO International

USD

5,145.40

9.00

30/09/2008

Grant Thornton International

USD

4,000.00

14.00

30/09/2008

RSM International

USD

3,576.50

19.00

31/12/2008

Praxity

USD

3,232.60

14.00

31/12/2008

Baker Tilly International

USD

2,955.70

18.00

30/06/2008

Crowe Horwath International

USD

2,894.50

19.00

31/12/2008

The top Seven World rank in 2009 are as follows:

1- PWC =26.2 Billion USD

2-Deloitte =26.1 Billion USD

3-Ernest Young- 21.4 Billion USD

4-KPMG=20.11 Billion USD

5-BDO= 4.9 Billion USD

6-Grant Thornton= 4.1 Billion USD

7-RSM International 3.8 Billion USD

Sources:IAB 2009 and accountancyage.com

Why use a proforma income statement?

Proforma income statements often are used as planning tools and financial analysis. They usually are based on past information. But they can be drawn by estimating and making assumptions based on figures and results in other, similar situations.

Proforma income statements project expenses and revenue into the future for a specified number of quarters or years. They often are created for making significant decisions, such as launching a new product line, expanding production, considering a merger, etc.

For more information, go to aaupwiki.princeton.edu/index.php/Proforma_Financial_Statement.

How does management use an operating budget How do they use an activity based budget What are the similarities and differences between these types of budgets?

The key to a successful financial reporting system is an operating budget in order to compare your actual operating results. Managers use the operating budget for planning in setting goals and developing strategies to achieve those goals. Budget will demonstrate how resources will be developed to implement strategy. Managers use the operating budget for strategy, long-run planning strategic plans, long-run budgets, short-turn planning operating plans, and short-run budgets. The operating budget will aid management for a specific period and [b] an aid to coordinating that needs to be done to implement that plan.

What is Cost of revenue what is operating expenses?

The cost of revenue is the cost to produce a product. Operating expenses are expenses that have to be paid in order to stay in business like rent, utilities, etc.

What is the budget?

The budgeting process as it relates to film budgets entails a screenplay breakdown whereby a skilled and experienced line producer or unit production manager analyzes the movie script for its various parts: costumes, animals, vehicles, locations, etc. and generates a document called a script breakdown.

Film Scheduling

From the script breakdown the filmmaker generates a strip board which is a collection of "strips" which represent each scene of the film's screenplay. The shooting order for the film greatly affects the budgeting and therefore experience is used to arrange in such a manner that is most efficient for the film budgets required to be created.

Film Budgets

Film budgets are then able to be created with the knowledge and information derived from the work done in preparation of the budgeting for the film. Movie budgets require extensive experience and know how and at this stage the film budget is custom created for a movie account by account and category by category (i.e. line by line) to detail with an understanding of the cost of materials, labor, goods and services all of which are required to work in harmony during the course of the film production itself.

Budgeting

Budgeting for other industry sectors likewise has its own unique characteristics and requires the knowledge of an expert in the specific field whom has experience to bring to the project.

What is net migration?

The difference between immigration and emigration in a certain area during a specific time frame, and the difference between DIPS AND DIPPETS! hahaha

What is a chartered accountant?

The Chartered Accountants are entrusted with substantial responsibility under various legislation such as compulsory audit of the all companies, banks, stock brokers, big income-tax assesses, large bank borrower, etc. This shows the confidence and trust reposed by the Government and society in the profession.

A Chartered accountant is one who is specialized in accounting, auditing and taxation. He also serves as a management and corporate caretaker. In recent times, accountancy has become popular as a profession. The services of a CA are required in money matters even in a small business. Moreover according to the Company Act only CA's in professional practice are allowed to be appointed as auditors of companies in India. A chartered accountant is a person who is accepted as a member of the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India (ICAI) after having passed the Final examination of the Chartered accountancy course conducted by the institute.

To know more about Chartered Accountant, visit this source in the Related Link below.

What are the practises of budget planning and management?

"What are the practices of budget planning and management?"Budget planning, whether it is done by an individual or by a business enterprise, involves the setting of targets for income and expenses in such a way as to achieve set financial objectives. The first step a company will take in planning is to establish its current financial condition. It then conducts an analysis of its environment, including the external environment such as the political, economic and technological situations, as well as the conditions of the market and competition; and also its internal environment relating to its performance, people, infrastructure, service delivery, and its customers. A SWOT analysis is also done through which the company identifies its strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Having identified its current condition and objectives and have seen the possibilities highlighted by the detailed analyses, the company now formulates strategies to produce the desired objectives.

Management of the budget involves implementation of the strategies that have been decided on, and the application of control mechanisms such as measuring and monitoring on specified dates and frequency, taking corrective action where necessary, to ensure projected results are achieved.

Put the steps in the correct order to show how to put together a personal budget Add up all of your sources of income Figure out how much money you're spending Categorize your expenses to?

*total your income

*figure out how much money you are spending.

*categorize your expenses to show where your money goes.

*determine if your expenses are above or below your income.

*reduce expenses in flexible categories to save or increase savings

Could a firm have negative working capital and still be in great financial shape?

Some companies can generate cash so quickly they actually have a negative working capital.Some extremely efficient companies, such as Wal-Mart, can have negative working capital because they sell goods on the shelf faster than they pay the vendor for the merchandise

How much do you have to pay an independent bookkeeping agency?

Depends completely on the size and complexity of your company. I have seen many small businesses with less than 8 employees pay as little $50-100 per month. If you get quoted prices higher than that look in the local newspapers. Bookkeepers are usually accountants by day and bookkeepers by night. The work they do is 90% automated. They just key the numbers in the right spots and print out a page. Of course you will have to put all your business receipts in a box or mail it to them. My sister owns a beauty salon, pays $35/month and hasn't seen the bookkeeper unperson in over 5 years.

Role of database in accounting?

The role of a database, in any application, is to provide data storage.

When did the statement of cash flows become a requirement for business?

The statement of cash flows replaced the statement of changes in financial position in 1987 as a required financial statement for all publically traded business enterprises.

What is marginal analysis?

A type of cost-benefit decision making that compares the extra benefits to the extra costs of an action

What is significance of budget?

For Government

In case of an annual budget of a nation, budgeting is all about making a blueprint of the overall funds that the concerned government will spend on various sectors, the kinds of taxes that would be levied and how the prices of essential commodities would increase or decrease in the months ahead. Like any other budget, a government budget too relies on revenues and expenses. While the revenues are generated from the various taxes imposed, expenses usually include the expenditure amount on goods and services, consumption, investments, retirement benefits, and so on. In the absence of a good budget, the government officials will have to struggle hard in developing processes for the same.

For Family

The safety and security is the foremost concern for a family. Hence, planning a personal family budget is highly significant. Budgeting in a family is simply done by streamlining the expenses of every family member in accordance to the overall funds collected by the earning members of the family. While some people believe the budget to be a complicated matter of numbers and accounting practices, others assume planning the budget to prevent them from unforeseen problems, downfalls and financial losses. The major issue that comes forward with planning a family budget is that it limits the control of a person over his/her money. However, the fact is that budget does not restrict anyone. It, instead, only guides people towards the allocation of money in different sectors, such as food, shelter, clothing, household expenses, medical care, utilities, etc. on a monthly basis.

For Business Organizations

Business organizations have a strong reason for planning a budget. It helps them in planning targets for the future, in terms of laying figures that the organization plans to achieve. It is of no use to plan a budget with a host of high figures that is practically unachievable. Similarly, a budget that is too easy to achieve is also pointless as the business would then not be making enough progress that it should. Hence, a good budget is one that is achievable in reality with the motive of striving for the highest profits. While most budgets are planned annually, some can be set for a prolonged period as well. To put the budget into action, it should be prepared well in advance before the commencement of the financial year.

Total fixed cost Rs.18000 total variable cost Rs. 30000 total sales Rs. 60000 total units sold 20000 calculate contribution per unit?

Total Sales = 60000

Units sold = 20000

selling price per unit = 3

Variable cost per unity = 30000 / 20000 = 1.5

Contribution margin per unit = 3 - 1.5 = 1.5

Scope of chartered accountant in Canada?

The scope of a chartered accountant in Canada is that he can serve in all the states of Canada and most of the commonwealth countries as well.

Types of home budget?

One type of household budget is a budget that has all the expenses and income. Another type of budget is for saving up for a major purchase, like a house or car.

If a predetermined overhead rate is not employed and the volume of production is increased over the level planned the cost per unit would be expected to?

It would be expected to decrease. Due to the spreading out of cost over a larger production level. The confusion comes when thinking of cost verses sale price. Although cost may decrease the consumer may not see a decrease in the price and thus the manufacture has a higher gross margin per unit.

How do needs and wants affect a budget?

When u want somthing u dont neccassry need it so if its high priced it might put a dent in yo savings or pudget but if u need it then u shouldve alredy put it in your budget so you are saved from that lil dent I was talkin bout.... There it is hands down

If a firm has a price of 4.00 variable cost per unit of 2.50 and a breakeven point of 20000 units fixed costs are equal to?

Breakeven is when Sales minus Variable Cost minus Fixed Cost = 0

Here we have:

(20,000 x 4.00) - (20,000 x 2.50) - FC = 0

80,000 - 50,000 - FC = 0

30,000 - FC = 0

So Fixed Cost = 30,000