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Caliphates
Caliphates were Middle Eastern community jurisdictions headed by a caliph, the civil and religious leader.
754 Questions
Why was China the Byzantine and Abbasid empire called the political and economic anchors?
the empires and dynasties of China, Byzantine, and Abbasid were able to establish a strong trade network that led to the spread and emergence of religions that contributed to the expansion of religions and contact between existing empires
Which Safavid capital was considered one of the most magnificent cities in the world in the 1600s?
Esfahan.
What major problem did the abbasids face?
A major problem that the Abbasids faced was a medical condition called E.D (Erectical Disfunction) thus they couldn't reproduced and had low populations.
Who are the high ranking officials holding the power during the Abbasid Dynasty?
The high ranking officials holding the power during the Abbasid Dynasty were Saladin, and al-Adil.
The Abbasid capital was moved from Damascus, Syria, to?
Damascus was the capital of the Uymmad Caliphate, the caliphate before the Abbasid one. The first capital of the Abbasid Caliphate was Kufa, then Baghdad, then Samarra, and then Baghdad once more (all four cities located in Iraq).
Did the Abbasids take power from the Umayyads in 749 AD?
Yes because the Rashidun Caliphate started at 632 AD and ended in 661 AD so the Umayyad caliphate started and the Umayyad caliphate ended in 749 AD so the Abbasid Caliphate start....
How did Shah ABBAs help Safavid culture to flourish?
In his early years, the Safavid dynasty was internally weak and suject to foreign attack by the Ottomans and Uzbek. Problems and solutions are as follows:
1) Weak internal government
Abbas forcefully took the throne from his blind father, whos failure to rule effectively was the main cause of disloyalty and unpopularity among the troops and society.
2) Foriegn attack
He signed a peace treaty with the Ottomans to buy him time and resources to fight off the Uzbek. Once the Uzbek were defeated, he turned on the Ottomans and regained lost lands.
3) Lack of resources / culture
Abbas re-established control over the provinces and re-supplied the royal treasury with their revenues. He also took control of rich shorelines along the Caspian which had previously belonged to Russia. He moved the capital to Esfehan and took on huge building projects, making it among the most beautiful cities in the world. He also fought off western powers that held claim to middle eastern territories in the Persian Gulf. This allowed him to access shipping and trading routes, supplying Persia with more money and resources.
In addition, he seemed to rule his people with compassion and tolerance for their various beliefs. This may have encouraged a rich and diverse culture.
Who was the safavid dynasty in constant conflict with?
this dynasty in Iran had conflict from one hand with Ottoman and in other hand with internal struggles..but the original conflict was with Ottoman,
Baghdad was designed in the 8th century during the Abbasid Caliphate as a circular city, known as the "Round City." Its layout featured a central palace and mosque, with concentric rings of walls and streets radiating outward. This design facilitated efficient administration and defense while symbolizing the cosmopolitan nature of the city, which became a center of culture, science, and trade in the Islamic world. The strategic location along trade routes further enhanced its significance.
Where is the location of the safavid?
The Safavid Empire was located primarily in Persia, which corresponds to modern-day Iran. At its height in the 16th to 18th centuries, it extended into parts of the Caucasus, parts of Central Asia, and even into the Ottoman Empire's territories. The capital was established in Isfahan, which became a major cultural and political center of the empire. The Safavid period is noted for establishing Twelver Shiism as the state religion.
Answer 1 (Shia Islam view)
According to Shia Islam Messenger of God Muhamamd SAWW left his divine knowledge granted by God needed for leading human as heir for Imam Ali a.s. and so Imam Ali a.s. never said I do not know and always others asked him questions in different fields. some of his sayings is collected in a book called Nahj ul Balaghal that by reading it his high level of knowledge can be understood. he has also sayings about empirical knowledge. for example he said any creature that puts egg its ears are inside his body and any creature that has Childbirth its ears are out of body. this knowledge include knowledge of everything in nature and everything that are needed for humans to can meet God and become same as God.
According to shia Islam the first 3 of them could not understand Quran correctly and so asked from Imam Ali a.s. always and many times decided wrong. according to shia the hadith that says those 3 are accepted in paradise is not an authentic hadith because two of 10 who are said to be accepted in paradise fought in Camel war (Talha and Ali a.s.) and it is logically impossible two enemy who fight each other and one is killed in the same war be in paradise. according to shia Islam those 3 did not obey prophet SAWW about leadership of Ali a.s. and devoted themselves for power in the name of Islam. they were not fair. for example the attack to home of daughter of prophet SAWW for enforcing Ali a.s. to give pledge of alliance to the first or killing Saad Ibn Ibadeh or killing of Malik and raping his wife with no action from the govt and many other examples. they changed rules of Islam. for example in Islam making Mustahab prayers in Jammat is forbidden by they made the Taraweeh prayer as Jamaat and many other examples.
Answer 2 (Sunni Islam view)
The four Caliphs have the following as common to prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him):
- They strictly and understandably followed the Quran and prophet Muhammad Sunnah (sayings and practices)
- They are told that they are accepted in God Paradise
- They devoted themselves to defending Islam without any personal ambitions in power or wealth
- They were fair, just, and forgivable
- They abandoned themselves from any thing that is not allowed in Islam teachings and rules.
What was the Safavid golden age?
The Safavid golden age, occurring in the 16th and 17th centuries, marked a period of cultural, political, and economic prosperity in Persia under the Safavid dynasty. This era is characterized by advancements in art, architecture, and philosophy, with notable achievements such as the construction of magnificent mosques and the flourishing of Persian miniature painting. The Safavids established Shi'a Islam as the state religion, which significantly influenced the region's identity. Overall, this golden age solidified Persia's cultural legacy and its role as a major power in the Islamic world.
Why did the safavid empire decline so quickly?
The Safavid Empire declined so quickly after the death of Shah Abbas I. Shahs that followed were never as disciplined as Abbas.
How is a caliph appointed in Islam?
by promising he would follow closely buy Mohammed's example..........
The actual method of the choosing was "intikhabat" (إنتخابات) or elections between the Mohammed's companions. Abu-Bakr was the first Caliph elected this way.
The Caliphs were the functional equivalent of Kings and did many of the things we would expect a king to do, such as declare wars, set legislation, organize the state, direct religion, etc.
