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Down Syndrome
What a difference an extra chromosome can make. Here we explore the misconceptions -- as well as the ups and downs -- of Down Syndrome, a congenital genetic disorder that is caused by the presence of an extra 21st chromosome. The affected person is mildly to moderately handicapped, short in stature, and has a flattened facial profile.
693 Questions
A complex of symptoms caused by occlusion of the posterior inferior cerebellar artery or one of its branches supplying the lower portion of the brain stem, resulting in sensory and sympathetic disturbances, cerebellar and pyramidal tract signs, and evidence of partial involvement of the fifth, ninth, tenth, and eleventh cranial nerves.
Onset is usually acute with severe vertigo due to involvement of the region of Deiter's nucleus, which may result in falling. Nausea, vomiting, ipsilateral ataxia, mucular hypertonicity, pastpointing, lateropulsion, and other cerebellar signs are often present. Pain and facial paresthaesia, a coarse spontaneous homolateral nystagmus, hiccough, dysphagia, dysphonia, dysarthria, and diplopia may be evident. Horner's syndrome is usually present. Sensory disturbances include ipsilateral loss of pain and temperature perception of the face and contralateral hypoesthaesia for pain and temperature of the trunk and extremities. The affected persons have difficulty in swallowing. Persons well over 40 years of age are most often affected.
It was first described in 1808 by the Geneva physician Gaspard Viesseux (1746-1814), who rendered an exact description of his own disease at a meeting of the Société médicochirugicale de Genève. Olivier and de Morsier in the archives of this society found a report written by Gaspard Viessueux that they published in 1943. The case was published by Alexandre John Gaspard Marcet (1770-1824) in London in 1811 after Viesseux had visited London and reported of his disease there. First description by Wallenberg in 1895 (clinical) and 1901 (autopsy findings).
Bibliography:
* A. Marcet:
A chemical account of various dropsial fluids etc.
Medico-Chirurgical Transactions, 1811, 2: 215.
The title is not certain.
* A. Wallenberg:
Acute Bulbäraffection (Embolie der Arteria cerebelli posterior inferior sinistra?).
Archiv für Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, Berlin, 1895, 27: 504-540.
Anatomischer Befund ein einem als «acute Bulbäraffection (Embolie der Arteria cerebelli posterior inferior sinistra.)» beschriebenen Falle.
Archiv für Psychiatrie und Nervenkrankheiten, Berlin, 1901, 34: 823.
* J. Olivier, G. de Morsier, in:
Revue médicale de la Suisse romande, Lausanne, 1943, 63: 421.
How do you deal with a Down syndrome child who bites?
be carefull with him (or her) be sure to not enrage the child. make sure not to make physical contact for disiplinary action, a few minutes alone is much more affective.
Does Down syndrome affect the movement of the fetus in the womb?
You might not feel the baby as early as you would feel a child who does not have Down syndrome. However, the fetus will move at about 14 weeks. One interesting fact a lot of people do not know is that most women who are carrying a Down syndrome child never experience any morning sickness whatsoever.
What is the difference between Down syndrome and mental retardation?
Mental retardation is a side effect of Down Syndrome. Down syndrome or trisomy 21 (or Down's Syndrome in British English) is a chromosomal disorder caused by the presence of all or part of an extra Twenty-first chromosome. Children with Down syndrome tend to share certain physical features such as a flat facial profile, an upward slant to the eyes, small ears, a single crease across the center of the palms, and an enlarged tongue. A doctor can usually tell if a newborn has the condition through a physical exam. Down Syndrome also causes mild to moderate mental retardation.
Is a parent of a child with Down syndrome entitled to FMLA in New York State?
FMLA is a federal, not a state law, so it does apply in NY State. FMLA allows up to 12 weeks of unpaid leave per 12 months for parents needing to be abesnt from work because they need to care for a child that is seriously ill. FMLA does not list specific ailments or diseases. Check out the regulation for yourself at:
U. S. Department of Labor, 2009. Fact sheet #28: The family and medical leave act of 1993. Retrieved from http://www.dol.gov/odep/archives/rwa00/appendixa.htm
How do you treat a person with Down syndrome?
There is no medical treatment that can cure Down syndrome.
The best way to treat someone with Down syndrome is with kindness, patience, and love.
How do you detect down syndrome?
If you test for it in pregnancy the test is called a CVS or an Amniocentesis. They test the amniotic fluid or a piece of the babys' placenta for the third 21st chromosome.
After birth, they take some blood from the baby and run what is called a Karyotype. That test will count the chromosomes in the cells of the blood and if there are 3 21st chromosomes that means Down Syndrome
How do you manage a child who has autism and also has Down syndrome?
Contact Wirral Autistic Society for advice. They look after high dependancy autistic patcients who often have multiple conditions.
no
If there is Down syndrome on your husband's side are you likely to have a special needs baby?
You're husband may not necessarily have the down syndrome allele.
Also the only way you would have a special needs baby is if you also have the recessive (down syndrome) allele.
Here are the chances:
If neither of you have the recessive (down syndrome) allele - 0%
If one of you have the recessive allele - 0%
If you both have the recessive allele - 25%
The chances are pretty low but it is not definite that you wont have a special needs baby.
Do psychologist treat Premenstrual Syndrome?
YES, they do. There's alot of studies now on PMS and PMDD or premenstrual dysphoric disorder. PMDD is just a supercharged PMS. If you approach experts, there are approved drugs that can be given for patients.
Where can you find information about Down syndrome?
The Down Syndrome Organisation of the UK has a wonderful website. To help you find out more about the syndrome, see the Related Link.
Other types of dystonias include Merge's syndrome (spasms of the jaw muscles when opening and closing of the mouth).
Is Down syndrome also known as Monosomy 21?
No, that is false. Down Syndrome is also known as Trisomy-21. Monosomy is a condition where one chromosome is missing from what should be a pair in every cell throughout the body. Trisomy indicates a chromosome has three copies instead of a pair.
Can you tell by the heartbeat of a fetus if the baby will have Down syndrome?
no . i have a beautiful child with down's and nothing was ever mentioned about checks of the heartbeat. i was under the impression this could only be positively diagnosed through amnio
Where can you find a respite program for children in Philadelphia PA with Down syndrome?
There are some places in West Philadelphia and all over the city; it just depends on how old your child/the child in question is.
The website of the Community Legal Services of Philadelphia offers the following, although it doesn't specify if this is applicable for children with Down syndrome:
Short term childcare (sometimes called "respite care" or "crisis nursery") is available through a few different agencies in Philadelphia.
The programs are open 24 hours a day, seven days a week and may be utilized by families for up to 30 days. Respite may be planned in advance (such as for a scheduled hospitalization) or used during an emergency.
For more information, see their website via the Related Link.
It depends on the severity of Down syndrome. Consult with a Down syndrome specialist.
Should you hit kids with Down syndrome?
I don’t think it is ok to hit a child with down‘s seeing as they aren’t fully capable of understanding certain things and what they should and shouldn’t be doing
I DO however think that you should work with your child, sit them down and have a conversation with them about how what they did was wrong ( it is likely that they will make the same mistake more than once remember to stay patient and positive, continue to talk with them)eventually it should stick!
How does race affect leadership?
Race does not necessarily affect leadership. The environment that a child grows up in will have an impact on what kind of leader they turn out to be.
What is the best way to discipline a child with Down syndrome?
Children with down syndrome should be disciplined like any other children. Time out or talking away privileges might be the best option if you're not comfortable with spanking your child as he or she might not understand that they have done something wrong.
