Jerusalem

Jerusalem is the de jure capital of Israel according to Israeli Law and general functioning.

According to international groups, only West Jerusalem is the official capital, but given the politics concerning the recognition of a unified Jerusalem. Palestine has also declared East Jerusalem to be the de jure capital of Palestine, but as Palestne does not control any part of Jerusalem, Ramallah and Gaza City serve as de facto capitals of Palestine.

Answer 1

Jews do not prevent access to the old city of Jerusalem by anyone for religious purposes.

Answer 2

The Israeli government does not ban Muslim access to the Old City of Jerusalem as a general policy. However, as Palestinian militancy and violence is roughly coordinated with the Jewish holidays (so as to inflict the largest numbers of civilian casualties), ingress to Jerusalem from the Palestinian Territories is much more difficult during the Jewish holidays. There are times when Muslims younger than 40 years old have been prevented completely from entering Jerusalem from the Palestinian Territories. Israeli Muslims have never had such a problem.

Ridiculous Answer

Because they were cheating, stealing, lying, child molesting, devil worshipping children of Satan.

Geopolitical Answer

Hadrian was responding to security concerns within his Empire. Jewish Zealots, a group of fanatic Jewish fundamentalists had risen up in an insurrection to make Judea an independent state not long prior. Their revolt had been put down and the Romans wished both to punish the Jews and prevent a second revolt from occurring. As the Jews valued their land, the Exile proved to satisfy both conditions. The Jews were effectively punished by depriving them of their ancestral homeland and Jews were prevented from revolting by being spread over too large of a space to effectively coordinate.

The holy land for Judaism is Israel, and the holy city is Jerusalem.
Jerusalem is the center of Judaism. It is important to Jews because it was the site of the Akeidah (Binding of Isaac, in Genesis ch.22) and was later the seat of the Davidic Kings, when King David, Israel's greatest king, founded the dynasty that ruled Judah for much of its history, making Jerusalem the capital of the United Kingdom of Israel during his reign and that of his son, King Solomon.
Most importantly, it was the location of the First and Second Temples, where offerings were made to God and where His presence dwelt in the Holy of Holies (1 Kings ch.8) and was manifested in a number of miracles (Mishna, Avos ch.5).
Jerusalem is called the holy city by the prophets (Isaiah 52:1). It was where Jews would go three times a year to celebrate the holiest festivals (Deuteronomy ch.16). Even after the destruction of the Temple, the Temple Mount and adjacent Western ("Wailing") Wall, which still stands, is the holiest site in Judaism. It is hoped and prophesied (Ezekiel ch.40-44) that one day a third temple will be rebuilt in Jerusalem and that the Messiah will come to it.

Jerusalem has become representative of the connection with the Divine. Jerusalem is also seen as the source of Divine Law, as demonstrated in many Jewish prayers: "Ki miTziyon tetze Torah udvar Hashem miYerushalayim - From Zion comes the Torah and the Word of God from Jerusalem" (Isaiah 2:3).

Jerusalem is also representative of the Redemption of the Jewish people from their physical and spiritual exile, because this exile causes the melancholy that the Jewish people experience by being apart from God's presence. The Redemption, which Jews believe will be brought by the Messiah, will result in the Jewish people returning to Jerusalem.

According to ancient Hebrew tradition, Jerusalem is the site where God took the very earth from which Adam, the first man, was formed (midrash Rabbah 14:8). Read Genesis carefully; Adam was not created in the garden of Eden; he was taken there. Jerusalem, because it is the first place on Earth where the spirit of God dwelt, is considered a direct link to God.

Judaism is the oldest monotheistic religion and Jerusalem has been its only holy site for over 3000 years. King Solomon's Temple in Jerusalem was destroyed by invading Babylonians, and rebuilt at the same site (known as the Temple Mount) about 2500 years ago. It was then destroyed again when the Romans conquered Judea about 2000 years ago, killing a million Jews, and expelling and enslaving hundreds of thousands. All Jews who value their heritage feel ties to Jerusalem and the holy land, where so many of their people struggled for the freedom to practice Judaism. At the same time, Jews believe that all people should be welcome there, regardless of faith.

Jerusalem is the eternal Jewish city, and a symbol of a future time of peace. Jerusalem is also the focal point of prayer of the Jews. When they pray, wherever they are, they face towards Jerusalem (Talmud, Berakhot 30a), with love and longing. The sentiment is aptly expressed in Psalm 137: "By the waters of Babylon, there we sat and wept as we remembered Zion....If I forget you, Jerusalem, let my right hand forget its wisdom."

For thousands of years we remembered our exile and prayed for its end. Now at least we can do so from "up close."

because jerusalem is the holy land or the land promised to the jews by God it hold value to the jews and christianity came from judaism therefor it become valued by the christians

Answer 2

Jerusalem is the center of Judaism. It is important to Jews because it was chosen by God (Zechariah 3:2). It was the site of the Akeidah (Binding of Isaac, in Genesis ch.22) and was later the seat of the Davidic Kings, when King David, Israel's greatest king, founded the dynasty that ruled Judah for much of its history, making Jerusalem the capital of the United Kingdom of Israel during his reign and that of his son, King Solomon.
Most importantly, it was the location of the First and Second Temples, where offerings were made to God and where His presence dwelt in the Holy of Holies (1 Kings ch.8).