Linux

As with any program, installation instructions vary by distro. Most distros should have Pencil in their repository, though, so if you know how to install programs on your distribution, you should be able to install it.

The hostname of my main computer running Ubuntu 13.04 is rodney@downstairs. rodney is my user name, and downstairs is the host name of my computer. To find your IP address, open a terminal (Ctrl + Alt + Tare the shortcut keys I like using) and type: ifconfig and press Enter. Your IP address may look something like: 192.168.1.x (x being a unique number to identify each computer or device on a network).

mkdir [name of directory you wat to make] [second directory] [third directory] [fourth directory]

modprob

By SQL Server I am assuming you are referring to Microsoft's flavour of SQL.

No. There is no version of SQL Server that runs on Linux

The /etc/inittab file is a script that controls most of the boot sequence. It dictates what programs and scripts to launch and at what runlevels.

A merit system is the process of hiring and promoting people based on their ability to do their job.

export command used to export one or more variables to the environment.

For Ex:

$ scname=kugu

$ export scname

In the Korn shell( KSHELL),we can combine these commands into one command:

$export scname=kugu

Use the env (or printenv ) command to display all environment variables and their current values.

Google has publicly released two operating systems, ChromeOS and Android.

ChromeOS is a webtop based on Google's Chrome browser and Google's suite of web services. First announced in 2009, Google received a patent for it entitled "Network based Operating System across Devices".

Android is an operating system targetted at smartphones and webtops. Google first announced plans to cooperate in building a smartphone in 2007 and shipped the first Android smartphones in late 2008.

/boot directory is where all the file to boot Linux are stored it include the kernel image , initial ram disk. This files are read by the boot loader at the boot time.

Linux

Samba.

There are several ways to read a text file. You can use one of several text editors, including vi, vim, emacs, joe, and nano. You can also parse it through the cat command like this:

cat nameoffile.txt | less

make menuconfig

Usually the compilation is done using the "make" command if the developer hasn't created a .sh file that includes the "make" inside of it.

And most of the times "make install" is the command you can see for installing the compiled program on the system. This could differ from program to program, developer to developer, language to language.

However, if you get a Makefile, it definitely uses the "make" command and if you use "cat Makefile" you may be able to get an idea on how to use "make" commands for compilation and installation.

After installation, the program could be run just by typing the program name on the terminal.

Nothing. By default, ls will not show configuration files or directories that begin with a . These can be displayed by passing the -a parameter to ls. Ex. ls -a

A GUI is typically not operated using text commands, so your question makes little sense. To start the "GUI" on most Unix and Linux systems, you need to launch the X server. Most systems include a simple script, "startx", that will do everything automatically for you. You can also launch the name of the display manager, such as KDM or GDM, manually. When you start the GUI, you are, of course, expected to actually use a GUI, not the command line. Most interfaces will provide some sort of button or link for you to click and shut down the system or exit to the command prompt.

chkconfig --list

The most graceful way is to use the command:

init s

If you want to shut everything down before going to single user mode then do init 0 first and from the ok prompt do a boot -s.

It depends on system to system. Basically you can find that out by looking at the file "/etc/passwd"

You can filter out the username you want to check using "cat /etc/passwd | grep username"

The Kernel

ls > lsout

Iptables was created in 1998.