Lymphatic System

Cytokines, chemokines, and other signaling molecules are released by activated T cells and macrophages to recruit immune cells and promote inflammation. These molecules help orchestrate and coordinate the immune response by attracting leukocytes to the site of infection or inflammation.

Yes, the greater omentum can contain lymph nodes along its peritoneal folds. These lymph nodes are part of the greater omentum's role in the immune system, helping to filter and trap foreign particles or pathogens.

HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) attacks the T cells, which are a type of immune cell that plays a crucial role in coordinating the immune response, including the production of antibodies. By destroying these cells, HIV weakens the immune system's ability to fight infections effectively.

Lymphocytes mature in the primary lymphoid organs, which are the thymus for T cells and the bone marrow for B cells. Once they mature, they circulate in the bloodstream and lymphatic system to attack pathogens and foreign invaders.

Neutrophils are the most abundant and basophils are the least abundant.

HIV infects and destroys T cells of the immune system, leading to a weakened immune response and susceptibility to opportunistic infections.

Leukocytes is another name for white blood cell. These formed elements fight infections and other "foreign" invaders. The formed elements of blood are red blood cells (erythrocytes), white blood cells (leukocytes), and platelets (thrombocytes).

Crocadillians (aligators and crocodiles) have recently come into science as a possible answer to this question. Recent tests have not found a bacteria or virus that is not killed by the antibodies in their blood. However I cannot say what all has or has not been tested.

Rare lymphocytes can be caused by various factors such as viral infections, certain medications, autoimmune diseases, and genetic disorders. Additionally, conditions like leukemia and lymphoma can also lead to a decrease in the number of lymphocytes in the body.

Yes, the immune system has memory cells called memory B cells and memory T cells. These cells are long-lived and can quickly recognize and respond to pathogens that the body has encountered before, leading to a faster and more robust immune response upon re-exposure.

The phagocytes get activated by the presence of certain particles around them. As soon as they detect a foreign particle, the phagocytes produce surface glycoprotein receptors, that increase their ability to adhere to the surface of the particle.

The phagocyte slowly attaches to the surface of the foreign particle. The cell membrane of the phagocyte begins to expand and forms a cone around the foreign particle.

The cell membrane surrounds the foreign particle from all sides to create a vacuole, known as phagosome or food vacuole. The phagosome is then passed into the cell for absorption.

Now comes the role of the lysosomes, which are cell structures, that are specialized in digesting the particles that enter the cell through the cell membrane. The lysosomes break the food vacuole or phagosome, into its component materials. The essential nutrients, if any, are absorbed in the cell, and the rest is expelled as waste matter. In case of the immune system, the cell creates a peroxisome, a special structure that helps the body to get rid of the toxins

No per Marieb. Basophils just release histamine and mediators of inflammation and they also contain helarin. Lymphocytes mount immune response by cell attack or via antibodies. The rest do phagoctytize.

B cells, plasma cells, and antibodies are all part of the immune system. B cells are a type of white blood cell that produce antibodies when activated by antigens. Plasma cells are a mature form of B cells that secrete large amounts of antibodies. Antibodies are proteins produced by B cells that help to neutralize pathogens and foreign substances in the body.

Special organs that store leukocytes are the spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow. These organs play a crucial role in the immune system by storing and producing white blood cells to help fight off infections and diseases.

The lymph nodes located in the underarm region are termed as axillary lymph nodes. These nodes play a key role in filtering lymph fluid from the upper limbs and breast area, helping to trap and destroy harmful substances like bacteria and cancer cells.

Cells of the immune system, such as T and B lymphocytes, recognize and respond to foreign invaders, called antigens, by producing specific antibodies or initiating cell-mediated responses. After the initial immune response, memory cells are formed, which help maintain a faster and stronger response upon subsequent exposure to the same antigen. This process of evoking and maintaining an immune response is crucial for protecting the body against pathogens and maintaining immunity.

If your immune system stopped working, your body would be unable to defend itself against infections and diseases. This could lead to severe illnesses, recurring infections, and even life-threatening conditions. It is crucial for the immune system to function properly to protect your overall health.

The condition described is likely leukemia, a type of cancer that starts in the bone marrow and leads to the overproduction of abnormal white blood cells. Leukemia can affect different types of white blood cells and disrupt the normal balance of blood cell production, leading to symptoms like fatigue, infections, and abnormal bleeding. Treatment for leukemia usually involves chemotherapy, targeted therapy, stem cell transplants, or a combination of these approaches.

This is known as lymphangioma. It is a benign tumor made up of lymphatic vessels that can appear as a mass or swelling, commonly found in the head and neck region in children. Treatment may include observation, surgical removal, or other interventions depending on the size and location of the lymphangioma.

Yes, leukocytes, also known as white blood cells, are nucleated which means they contain a nucleus. This nucleus contains genetic material and plays a role in various cellular functions such as cell division and gene expression.

The type of agranular leukocyte with a kidney-shaped nucleus is a monocyte. Monocytes are a type of white blood cell that plays a role in the immune response by engulfing pathogens and debris. They can differentiate into macrophages or dendritic cells when they migrate to tissues.

The thymus matures T lymphocytes (T cells) which identify foreign antigens. This is also where T cells that would be able to bond with self-antigens (would attack the bodies healthy cells) are weeded out and destroyed.

Antibodies are specialized proteins produced by the immune system that help recognize and neutralize harmful pathogens like bacteria and viruses. They bind to specific antigens on the surface of these microorganisms, marking them for destruction by other immune cells.

called chemotaxis. Chemicals released from damaged cells act as signals that guide leukocytes to the site of injury or infection, helping to initiate the inflammatory response and target the source of damage for immune defense and repair.