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Nerves
Nerves are thread-like structures that form a network of pathways that transmit information from the brain to the body and the body to the brain, in the form of electrical impulses.
1,605 Questions
What is the part of the neuron that carries signals and transmits them to other neurons?
The smaller, receiving, head end of a neuron is called the dendrite. This transmogrifies first into the nucleus containing cell body and then into the multi-branched transmission arms of the axon. Axons from the spine to the foot are up to a meter in length.
Where are the neurons found in the atom?
Neurons are not found in atoms as they are much larger structures made up of molecules and cells. Neurons are specialized cells found in the nervous system and are essential for transmitting information throughout the body.
Describe the structure of a synapse?
The synapse consists of two main parts that allow one neuron to communicate with another: 1) the presynaptic terminal located at the end of an axon; and 2) the postsynaptic terminal located on the dendrite of another neuron. The presynaptic terminal is where neurotransmitters are stored and released from. The postsynaptic terminal is the recipient side of the synapse. Neurotransmitters released from the presynaptic terminal will diffuse across the synaptic cleft and bind to receptors located on the surface of dendritic spines.
How does the nerve impulse cross the space between two adjacent neurons?
Flash! - The impulse is a jump of electricity from one neuron to the next via the dendrites. It happens in a millisecond of time so we are not even aware of it. Touch an ice cube with your finger; the signal goes from the finger to the brain and back that we get the immediate sense that the ice cube is cold.
Space where the nerve impulse jumps from one neuron to another?
Synapse. It is a small gap between neurons where neurotransmitters are released to carry signals from one neuron to another. This process is essential for communication between neurons in the nervous system.
What neurons serve as links or connectors?
Interneurons are the neurons that serve as links or connectors between sensory and motor neurons in the central nervous system. They integrate and transmit signals between different parts of the nervous system to coordinate various functions and responses.
What is the function of a motor neurons?
controls muscles
Relay messages from the Brain in the CNS down through the Spinal Cord and into the PNS, from there the motor neuron synapses on muscle fibers. i.e. knee jerk reflex & the neuromuscular junction.
What happens when a neuron is polarized?
When a neuron is polarized, there is a difference in electrical charge between the inside and outside of the cell. This difference in charge is created by an uneven distribution of ions across the cell membrane. This polarization allows the neuron to generate and transmit electrical signals.
What is the exchange of DNA material at synapsis?
The exchange of DNA material at synapsis is known as genetic recombination. During this process, homologous chromosomes pair up and exchange segments of genetic material through a process called crossing over. This results in the creation of new combinations of genes that are different from the original parental chromosomes.
What is the function of telodendria?
At the distal end, and axon usually has a terminal arborization(Telodendria)- and extensive complex of fine branches. Each branch ends in a synaptic knob(Terminal button), a little swelling that forms a junction (synapse) with the next cell. It contains synaptic vesicles full of neurotransmitters.
What is the nucleus of a neuron?
Just as with many other cells in the body, the nucleus is a central part of the main cell body. It contains genetic material (DNA), which is transcribed and controlled by enzyme systems and other regulatory chemicals, along for genes to be expressed for the creation of proteins (neurotransmitters, enzymes, other regulatory chemicals) for the main functions of the cell.
How do neurotransmitters transmit signals across the synapse?
after impulse conductionby postsynaptic neurons is initiated, neurotransmitters activity is rapidly terminated. Either one or both of two mechanisms cause this. Some neurotransmitters molecules difuseout of the synaptic cleft back into synaptic knobs
Which type of neurone transmits a signal from a sense organ to the central nervous system?
like say this if you put your hand on top of a burning candle the heat will burn your hand and your nerve system will feel it and then it will send a signal up from your hand to your spinal cord and then the massage from your spinal cord will get sent up to your brain telling it what has happened and then the brain will send another massage down our spinal cord into your hand which will tell your muscle to lift up your arm away from the burning candle
Where are neurons located in the body?
Neurons are located throughout the body, but the majority are concentrated in the brain and spinal cord, which make up the central nervous system. They also extend out to all parts of the body through the peripheral nervous system, allowing for communication between different body parts.
Where do homologous chromosomes pair and form synapses?
The most common form of synapsis occurs in the nuclei of cells undergoing the type of cell division called meiosis.
It occurs during prophase I (i.e. prophase of the first meiotic division). Prophase I is subdivided into five stages, and synapsis occurs in the second of these (zygotene).
Synapsis refers to the pairing of homologous chromosomes. For example, the chromosome 5 that you inherited from your mother pairs with the chromosome 5 that you inherited from your Dad. By "pairing" is meant the exact alignment of two chromosomes, so that each point (locus) on one chromosome is beside the corresponding point on the other.
It does not only occur during meiosis. Some flies, including the intensively-studied fruit-fly Drosophila, can undergo endomitosis, which is the division of chromosomes without subsequent cytokinesis (splitting of the cytoplasm).
The result? A considerable replication of chromosomal material within a single cell. A famous example is the giant (polytene) chromosomes of the salivary glands of Drosophila. In these giant chromosomes the genetic material is aligned, so this is another example of synapsis.
What are extensions of a neuron that receive signals?
Dendrites are the extensions of a neuron that receive signals from other neurons. They are responsible for transmitting electrical impulses towards the cell body of the neuron.
these have one or more receptors that detect change in either the external or internal environment, information that is detected is transmitted as an electrical impulse to the CNS by the affector neuron.
What part of the neuron was called the post-synoptic part of the neuron in humans?
The post-synaptic part of a neuron in humans is typically referring to the dendrites and cell body (soma). These structures receive signals from other neurons via neurotransmitters released at synapses.
What part of neuron houses the nucleus?
The cell body (soma) of a neuron houses the nucleus, which contains the genetic material of the cell necessary for its functioning.
Message sent by releasing chemicals that jump across synapses involve?
Messages sent by releasing chemicals that jump across synapses involve the release of neurotransmitters from the presynaptic neuron. These neurotransmitters then travel across the synaptic gap and bind to specific receptors on the postsynaptic neuron, altering its electrical potential and transmitting the message. This process is essential for communication between neurons in the nervous system.
Which neuron is never myelinated?
Neurons that do not have a myelin sheath must use continuous conduction, which is slower. These are the smaller axons of the CNS, as well as some types of fine sensory fibers, such as olfactory nerves.
A second order neuron is the 2nd neuron to carry an order. The order could be a sensory stimulus or a motor stimulus. For e.g. in order to move a muscle, the order for that muscle to contract starts at the cerebral cortex in the somatomotor area. That is the first order neuron. The axon of the 1st order neuron will synapse with the 2nd order neuron at the level of the brain stem, which commonly decussate (crosses over) to the opposite side. In turn, the axon of the 2nd order neuron will descend along the spinal cord tracts where it will synapse with the 3rd order neuron. The 3rd order neuron is located in the ventral horn of the spinal cord, which will exit with the spinal nerve to supply the muscle.
Neuronal endings, also known as axonal terminals, are the tips of axons that make connections with other neurons, muscles, or glands. These structures play a critical role in transmitting information between neurons by releasing neurotransmitters across the synapse. Neurotransmitters allow for communication and signal transmission within the nervous system.
State the three main parts of a neuron and describe how an impulse travels through a neuron?
Okay, information is received through the dendrites, and then moves on the the cell body. From there, the cell's axon passes the message on to other neurons or to muscles or glands.
What is the sensory neuron function?
Sensory neurons transmit information from sensory receptors to the central nervous system. They play a crucial role in detecting various stimuli such as touch, temperature, pain, and pressure, and converting these signals into electrical impulses that can be interpreted by the brain.
