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Nervous System

This category is for questions about the mechanical and chemical process of reactions to internal and external stimuli, ranging from the brain down to the spinal cord, and all nerves, cells and tissues in between.

3,047 Questions

What are the functions of the two divisions of the peripheral nervous system?

The sensory division transmits sensory information from the body to the central nervous system, allowing us to perceive and respond to our environment. The motor division controls voluntary and involuntary movements by sending signals from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands.

What is the effect of rotation on the endolymph in utricle saccule and cochlea?

Rotation of the head causes the endolymph in the utricle and saccule to move, stimulating hair cells and sending signals to the brain about changes in head position. In the cochlea, rotation influences the movement of the endolymph within the semicircular canals, which helps to detect rotational movements of the head.

What is the central nervous system made up of?

Comprised of the brain and spinal cord

The nervous system is the key to homeostasis. The nerves are what keep your body in proper working order and all of those nerves stem from your brain through your spinal cord to reach its destination, then the nerves return to the brain the same way. Therefore, if your spine and atlas are out of whack even a little bit the nerves are not transmitting correctly and that causes a lack of homeostasis.

A person may be asystematic for a while or they may experience symptoms that seem completely unrelated because they have no pain along the spinal cord.

For instance, cancer cells do not just appear, they are developed through a lack of communication if you will. Think of it as a computer, when nerve cells "files" cannot reach their destination appropriately the "file" can get corrupt. This corruption then develops abnormalities and dysfunctions. Of course other factors apply to the production of cancer, but a healthy spine is the key to a healthy body.

Another example is tension headaches; these headaches occur due to the atlas being out of place. There are multiple problems that can be helped by having a healthy spine; erectile dysfunction, chronic constipation, sinus infections, otitis media, etc. A healthy spine can also improve a person's attitude or happiness.

  • Chiropractic care is more cost effective then traditional medical treatment involving medications that relieve symptoms but do not treat the underlying problem. Do some research on what nerves travel through each section of your spine, starting from C1 down to T12. It is really fascinating.

How does the nervous system relate to other systems?

The nervous system works closely with the endocrine system to regulate body functions through the release of hormones. It also coordinates with the muscular system to control movement and with the sensory system to receive and respond to stimuli from the environment. Additionally, the nervous system interacts with the immune system to help coordinate the body's response to infections and injuries.

What if your nervous system stops working?

If your nervous system stops working, you would likely lose the ability to control your muscles, experience paralysis, and may have difficulty sensing, thinking, and communicating effectively. Not having a functioning nervous system would severely impact your body's ability to regulate essential functions such as breathing, heart rate, and digestion, potentially leading to serious health complications or death.

A 60 year old is unable to walk 100 yards without experiencing severe pain in his left lower leg He was told to have the sympathetic nerves of the the vasomotor tone severed How does surgery help?

Severing the sympathetic nerves can help by interrupting the pain signals traveling to the brain from the left lower leg. This procedure can reduce the perception of pain in the affected area, allowing the individual to walk without experiencing severe pain.

What are the major subdivisions of the brain?

The major subdivisions of the brain are the cerebrum, cerebellum, and brainstem. The cerebrum is responsible for higher brain functions such as thinking and voluntary movement, the cerebellum coordinates movement and balance, and the brainstem controls basic life functions like breathing and heart rate.

How do you keep the nervous system healthy?

Vitamin B Complex plays a major role in keeping your nervous system healthy. Have foods which are rich in it or take vitamin supplements if needed. Exercise the system by writing ten minutes in paper daily to stimulate the sensory and motor neurons.

P.S just do your best

When are neurotransmitters released?

Neurotransmitters are released when an action potential reaches an axon terminal (aka: end foot, synaptic knob, bouton), causing voltage-gated calcium ion gates to open, allowing calcium ions into the axon terminal, which causes vesicles containing the neurotransmitters to fuse to the cell membrane, which creates an opening to release the neurotransmitters into the synapse.

What are the difference between the way hormones coordinate body functions and the way the nervous system coordinates body function?

Hormones regulate your body via chemical excretions in the blood. Neurons "talk" to other neurons and release chemicals via a synapse (no transfer through blood). There are neurohormones which are released by nerve cells into the blood.

What are the three main functions of the microcomputer?

A minicomputer is the term given to any computer small enough to be portable. Usually, these are laptops, and they can mostly function like regular computers, albeit with less processing power.

Basic unit of nervous system?

The basic unit of the nervous system is the neuron. Neurons are specialized cells that transmit signals in the form of electrical impulses to communicate information throughout the body. They have a cell body, dendrites to receive signals, and an axon to transmit signals.

How can the nervous system coordinate the work of the body?

Your nervous system control your body by three ways. Firstly it control your body through autonomic nervous system. This happens at subconscious level and you can not appreciate the importance of the role of nervous system in body regulation at this level. Then your nervous system regulate your body via pituitary hormones. This important aspect is also grossly neglected by most of the authors. Then the nervous system coordinates the body system through sensory and motor nervous system.

What are the sources of stimulation that start a nerve impulse?

Sources of stimulation that can start a nerve impulse include chemical signals (neurotransmitters released at synapses), physical stimuli (such as pressure or temperature changes acting on sensory receptors), and electrical signals (generated by neighboring neurons or external electrical sources). These stimulations can trigger the opening of ion channels in the neuron's membrane, leading to changes in membrane potential and initiation of an action potential.

What are the two division of nervous system?

The nervous system is initially divided into the central nervous system (CNS) (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS) (pretty much all nerves and related structures that do not reside in the brain or spinal cord). The PNS is then divided into two two divisions known as the somatic division (voluntary) and the autonomic division (involuntary). The autonomic nervous system is then once more divided into the sympathetic and parasympathetic divisions.

Generation of Action Potential?

1. Resting potential: all voltage-gates are closed. 2. At threshold, Sodium activation gate opens and Sodium permeability rises.

3. Sodium enters the cell (influx), causing an explosive depolarization to +30 mV, which generation the rising phase of action potential.

4. At peak of action potential, sodium activation gate closes and sodium permeability falls, which reduces the net movement of sodium into the cell. At the same time potassium activation gate opens and potassium permeability rises. .

5. Potassium leaves the cell (efflux), causing the repolarization to resting potential, which generates the falling phase of action potential.

6. On return to resting potential, sodium activation gates closes and inactivation gates opens, resetting channel for another depolarizing triggering event.

7. Further outward movement of potassium through still open potassium channels briefly hyperpolarize membrane,

8. Potassium activation gate closes and membrane returns to resting potential

What is the similarity of G-protein receptor system and Tyrosine-kinase receptor system?

both are plasma membrane receptors located at the cell surface's membrane. both are proteins that are hydrophilic and therefore cannot cross the lipid bilayer and requires second messengers to communicate with the nucleus of cells. activation of the receptors will activate other molecules in the activating cascades and the numbers of affected molecules will increase geometrically. however, activation of such receptors will cause desensitization/adaptation of the receptors themselves. the disability to desensitize can result to serious diseases such as cancer.

Khairul Abu Bakar 2nd Year Medical Student National Univ.of Ireland, Galway

Is the autonomic nervous system of psychopath over aroused?

There is some evidence to suggest that psychopaths may have differences in autonomic nervous system functioning compared to non-psychopathic individuals, such as reduced fear responses. However, more research is needed to fully understand the relationship between psychopathy and autonomic arousal.

What are the three main functions of the reproductive system?

the circulatory system contains blood vessels, heart, arteries. the three main functions of the circulatory system is to deliver blood in and out of the heart, it helps the blood cells carry nutrients to the rest of the body, thats all.=)

What is the somatic system?

The somatic system is the part of the peripheral nervous system that is responsible for carrying motor and sensory information both to and from the central nervous system. This system is made up of nerves that connect to the skin, sensory organs and all skeletal muscles. The system is responsible for nearly all voluntary muscle movements as well as for processing sensory information that arrives via external stimuli including hearing, touch and sight.

Why would a burette be incorporated into an infusion system?

A burrette is incorporated in an infusion system in situations where fluid volume is to be strictly limited, the burrette is filled with the desired volume and fluid is infused. It is not possible to infuse more than is in the burrette. That way the anesthestist in the case of the operating room is closely monitoring the volume infused. Once infused it is either refilled or not.

How is ventilation controlled in response to changing demands on the body?

Ventilation is a process humans rely on to maintain high oxygen and low carbon dioxide concentrations at the gas exchange surface. The process that ventilates lungs is breathing. Humans ventilate the lung by negative pressure breathing

What causes the Deterioration of the nervous system and tremors Is there a cure?

I have researched this, given that i suffer from the same problem... Hand tremors can be caused by a number of things, all of which begins in the brain. When you get hand tremors, it means, in simpler terms, that your brain does not have very much control on the neuro signals it sends, known as random firing, which i believe is due to an imbalance of neuro chemicals, as these unbiased signals travel down your spine from your brain, they then travel through a network of interconnected neurons which cause the muscles in your fingers, (other muscle to, but fingers most notably), to trigger with or without your meaning to. Your brain is a good metaphor for a computer, in which case the "hard-wiring" is a little dishoveled, other than hand-tremors, you may also suffer from lack of control over emotions, thoughts, speach, weird sleeping patterns, etc. I know all this because i am an alcoholic, and thus drinking too much has caused this to happen, an imbalance of neuro chemicals/neurotransmitters. If you drink too much, than you should worry and seek help, if you are just terribly hungover than don't worry about too much, drink some V8 juice or something. If that doesn't apply to you, than it is a worthy malign'er to seak help and receive a remedy of some kind and likewise if you are an alcoholic or becoming one. So that pretty much sums up what you should need to know, keep up the battle and good luck.

What are the basal ganglia?

The Basal ganglia are the group of Nuclei in the brains of vertebrates. These are located at the base of your fore brain. Basal Ganglia are also connected strongly with thalamas, the cerebral cortex, and other such areas.

What are the three main functions of the lymphatic system?

The three main functions of the lymphatic system are fluid balance, immune defense, and lipid absorption. It helps to maintain fluid balance in the body by draining excess fluid from tissues, supports the immune system by producing and transporting white blood cells, and absorbs fats and fat-soluble vitamins from the digestive system.