Oil and Petroleum

Fractional Distillation, an experiment using a Fractionating column that the gas passes through after it is heated, before going into a condensing tube where it turns back into a liquid and pours into a test tube. Each of the liquids at the start have different boiling points, so they turn into a gas and go through the apparatus at separate times.

One way to separate oil from seawater is through the process of skimming, where a barrier or device is used to collect the oil floating on the water's surface. Another method is using absorbent materials like booms or pads to soak up the oil. Additionally, advanced techniques like centrifugation or chemical dispersants may be used for more efficient separation.

Natural gas and petroleum are both fossil fuels that are formed from the decay of organic matter over millions of years. They are often found together in underground reservoirs, and both are used as sources of energy for heating, electricity generation, and transportation. Petroleum can be refined to produce a variety of products, including gasoline, diesel, and jet fuel, while natural gas is primarily used for heating and electricity generation.

Yes, petrol can decompose over time due to exposure to heat, light, oxygen, and moisture. This decomposition process can lead to the formation of sticky residues and gums that can clog fuel systems and reduce engine efficiency. Proper storage in a sealed container can help slow down the decomposition of petrol.

Jellied gasoline, also known as napalm, is typically made by combining gasoline with a thickening agent such as aluminum soaps or petroleum jelly. This mixture creates a sticky and highly flammable substance that can adhere to targets and burn intensely.

Using a lower octane fuel like 91 in a car designed for 95 can potentially cause knocking or pinging in the engine. This can lead to engine damage over time. It's best to use the recommended fuel to ensure optimal performance and prevent any issues.

One disadvantage of using hexane as an extracting solvent compared to petroleum ether and alcohol is that hexane is more toxic and poses a higher risk to human health and the environment. Additionally, hexane has a lower boiling point than petroleum ether, making it more flammable. Finally, hexane has a higher cost compared to petroleum ether and some alcohols commonly used as extracting solvents.

A barrel of crude oil weighs about 300-350 pounds. The weight can vary slightly depending on the type and density of the crude oil.

Eating a candle can be harmful as it is made of wax, which is not meant for consumption. It may cause gastrointestinal issues such as stomach pain, nausea, vomiting, or intestinal blockages. It is important to seek medical attention if someone has ingested a candle.

Petroleum consists of various gasses (oxygen, carbon gasses), metals (Nickel, Iron, Vanadium, Copper), and complex hydrocarbons (Alkanes, Cyclo-Alkanes, and Arenes). Petroleum is used for several things; fuel, plastics, waxes, Asphalt, lubricant and pesticides to name a few.

Fractional Distillation. Performed in a fractionating column. Heat is applied to the crude oil and it vaporises. Fractions with different boiling points rise to specific heights within the fractionating column, where they are condensed and extracted.

No, NYMEX (New York Mercantile Exchange) is a commodity futures exchange where various energy products, including WTI (West Texas Intermediate) crude oil, are traded. WTI crude oil refers specifically to the grade of crude oil that is used as a benchmark for oil prices in the United States.

Petrol is more flammable than kerosene because petrol has a lower flash point and autoignition temperature. This means petrol is more likely to ignite at lower temperatures compared to kerosene.

A fraction of kerosene formed during the process of distillation of crude oil. It is popularly used as an aircraft fuel.

Crude oil can be separated using distillation because its components have different boiling points. When crude oil is heated in a distillation column, the lighter components with lower boiling points vaporize first and rise to different levels in the column based on their boiling points, allowing them to be collected and separated into different fractions.

Lower amounts of sulfur in heating oil results in a cleaner, more efficient fuel with less emissions. Currently, the heating oil industry is working with various state environmental groups to try and cut the sulfur content of heating oil from 1,500 parts per million to 15 parts per million by 2018. In addition to sulfur reductions, the heating oil industry is moving toward zero emissions with new fuel blends called Bioheat which can contain anywhere between 2 and 20 percent renewable fuel.

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This question isn't as easy to answer as just one is better for X reason, they both have advantages and disadvantages.

For home heating, high and low sulfur #2 heating oil is a misnomer, as the amount of sulfur in the oil is negligible (from 0.15% maximum, to less than 0.001% [a 150% difference from each other but a 0.1499% difference overall]).

Sulfur compounds are heavy fuel residuals and not typically found in light distillates, thus are not normally found in high quantity in kerosene (#1 fuel oil, or JP5). but more often found in much greater quantity in Residual fuel oils (bunker B & C, #4 and #6) which typically have contents between 0.5% and 3.5% sulfur compounds (much higher than distillate fuels). Efficiency (combustion efficiency) of different fuels is less a function of the fuel than the method of burning the fuel, just as the heat contents of fuels are determined differently. Distillate fuels have more heat per pound (19, 000 btu/lb for #2) than residual fuels (18,500 btu/lb.), but because they are much lighter have less heat per gallon (146,000 per gallon compared to 153,000 btu/gal for #6-2.2). Biofuels, such as ethanol and biodiesel have zero or effectively zero sulfur compounds in them, thus by mixing them with mineral oils (petroleum) can reduce the sulfur content of a given volume or weight of oil, without changing the original content of the original volume. {0.85 gallons of #2 oil can have 68 grains of sulfur compounds (1500ppm), while 1 gallon of 85/15 off-road biodiesel made with that same oil will have the same 68 grains of sulfur compounds. Even though a gallon of the original fuel has 80 grains of sulfur compounds}

For environmental concerns low sulfur fuels are more advantageous, as less pollutants are admitted to the atmosphere. For economic concerns in industrial settings though, because of the cost of desulfuring fuel oils, it is much less costly to purchase and burn high sulfur fuels, and to remove the sulfur compounds from the exhaust gasses after combustion, where catalyzers or, dry and wet scrubbers can more cheaply and more efficiently remove more than 99% of the sulfur content from the flue gasses.

High sulfur fuels typically cost between 15 and 30% of the low sulfur fuels used in industry. Desulfuring fuel oils becomes more expensive the more sulfur is removed from the oil, and at the present requirement for on road use diesel fuel desulfuring costs nearly 1/4 of the overall cost of the fuel and future requirements will increase that cost by as much as if not more than 50%, though fuel blending as described above (even with higher cost biofuels) can decrease that overall cost if the present blending regulations are relaxed to allow a higher percentage of non-petroleum components.

Countries like Brazil, which because of economic reasons, uses more renewable fuels, are ahead of most of the world in that respect (petroleum is more expensive than alcohol there), and have converted to an economically and environmentally sound fuel source.

Oil is often referred to as black gold because of its high value and importance as a crucial natural resource in the global economy. Its black color and the wealth and power it represents have led to this nickname.

The vapor pressure of petrol typically ranges from 2-14 psi, while the vapor pressure of diesel is generally lower, around 0.2-0.5 psi. These values can vary based on factors such as temperature and composition.

Yes, Street Appeal Professional Protectant contains silicone but does not contain petroleum.

The most important type of intermolecular force between fat molecules and petroleum ether molecules is London dispersion forces. These forces are temporary and arise from the fluctuations in electron distribution within molecules, allowing for weak attractions between nonpolar molecules like fats and petroleum ether.

Crude oil can lead to pollution through various processes like drilling, transportation, refining, and combustion. When spilled accidentally, it can contaminate soil and water. Burning crude oil releases harmful pollutants such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and particulate matter into the air, contributing to air pollution and climate change.

Yes, diesel generally has larger molecules than petrol. This difference in molecular size is one of the factors that contribute to the differences in properties between diesel and petrol, such as their boiling points and combustion characteristics.

Liquid petroleum is formed from the remains of marine organisms that lived millions of years ago. Over time, these organisms were buried under layers of sediment, which subjected them to heat and pressure. This process transformed the organic material into liquid petroleum through a process called thermal maturation.

Site restoration is correct. You may remediate contaminated soil or polluted water, to be more particular of the element under restoration. Reclamation is often used in the nearly the same sense as restoration, however it has been used in the past to "reclaim" land by building dams, i.e. to make an area more useful. If a harbor has been contructed, and become polluted, then reclamation makes more sense than restoration.

A dry sample is used in determination of crude fat to remove water content, which can interfere with the accuracy of the results. By using a dry sample, the fat content can be extracted more effectively using a solvent, producing more accurate results.