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Particle Physics

Relatively recent experimental results have confirmed what philosophers throughout history had theorized all along; that all matter is made up of elementary particles. Those curious about this cutting-edge field of physics known as particle physics should post their questions here, including those about fundamental particles, fundamental forces, Grand Unified Theories, and the extraordinary devices that have been or need to be engineered to research them.

3,842 Questions

The center of an atom where the neutrons and protons exist?

That is called the nucleus. It is positively charged and it makes up most of the atom's mass.

Why are electron and current flow in opposite directions?

It's basically an accident. Current flow was defined before science had figured out electron flow.

Answer

Before the structure of the atom was understood, scientists such as Benjamin Franklin believed that an electric current was a flow of some sort of mysterious 'fluid' that moved from an area of high pressure to an area of low pressure. The high pressure was considered to be 'positive' pressure and the low pressure was considered to be 'negative pressure'. So, for many years, current was believed to travel from positive to negative.

Even though we now know that ( in metallic conductors, anyway) that current is a flow of free electrons from negative to positive, for some weird reason many textbooks still show current as flowing from positive to negative! To differentiate between the two current directions, we use the terms 'electron flow', and 'conventional (or 'Franklinian') flow'.

At which wavelength will electrons travel faster when hitting uranium?

The wavelength that will cause electrons to travel faster when hitting uranium is 100nm. If the wavelength was any lower, electrons would not move as fast.

How many protons and eletrons does carbon have?

count the number of protons which will be equal to number of electron.

Are neutrinos their own antiparticles?

Answer 1There are three different types of neutrinos. Each one is associated with its own antiparticle, but is not an antiparticle itself. Answer 2Particle and antiparticle are distinguished by their charges. The positron, for example, the antiparticle of the negatively charged electron, is positively charged. The neutrino, on the other hand, is electrically neutral-the prerequisite for the ability of being its own antiparticle. However, I assume that the antiparticles of neutrinos are neutrinos with opposite spinning direction.

How for apart two protons be if the electrostatic force exerted by one on the other is equal to weight of electron?

Electron rest-mass = 9.11 x 10-31 kg

Electron "weight" on Earth = M G = (9.11 x 10-31) x (9.807)

Elementary charge = 1.60 x 10-19 coulomb

Electrostatic force between two charges = (1/4 pi ε0) Q1Q2/R2 newtons

ε0 = 8.85 x 10-12farad/meter

(9.11 x 10-31) x (9.807) = (1/4 pi x 8.85 x 10-12) x (1.60 x 10-19 )2 / R2

The answer to the question is to solve this ugly thing for the ' R ' at the end.

R = the square root of { (1/4 pi x 8.85 x 10-12) x (1.60 x 10-19 )2 / (9.11 x 10-31) x (9.807)}

Here's the number I get with my trusty calculator. Please check it for me:

5.076 meters . (about 16.65 feet)

Are specific colors of light emitted by an atom in a hot thin gas caused by electrons jumping to lower energy levels?

Not sure what you mean by "specific," but some light being emitted from a hot thin gas is, indeed, caused in that way. Other light is simply black body radiation, which does not depend on the type of atoms in the gas, but only upon the temperature of that gas.

Are all quarks the same size?

Quarks are considered to be fundamental particles, and as such they do not really have a classical "size". Their masses can be compared, however, and they are not the same for all types of quarks.

How many protons and neutrons in sugar?

There are many different compounds called "sugar". You'd have to be more specific.

Also, sugars are polyatomic molecules.

Can you alter the higgs boson field to alter mass?

i thank through my research that a higgs field would seemingly allow alterations to get a net 0 mass but since time would also be locally effected you would need to travel at a speed to counteract the resulting "speed increase" of time thus allowing FTL travel without any net time dilation... the only problem is that you would need to manipulate materials on the quantum level in real time to avoid any crew from ageing before you get into orbit... :P please correct me if i'm wrong anywhere

i need a second opinion :)

What is the number of electrons in geranium?

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