0
Ruminants and Monogastrics
Ruminants are those animals that have a multiple-chambered stomach designed to digest herbaceous matter such as grass by the process of fermentation. Monogastrics are those animals that have a single-stomach that is designed for digestion of animal protein and highly-digestible phyto-nutrients such as fruits and grains. Questions about ruminants and monogastrics, including those about psuedo-ruminants (animals that have a single stomach like a monogastric but have their main fermentation vat in the cecum), can be asked and answered here.
335 Questions
What is the difference between a cow and a dogs digestive system?
Dogs are monogastrics. Cows are ruminants. Monogastrics have one simple stomach: Ruminants have a complex four-chambered stomach.
What are all of the animals that chew their cud and have split hooves?
All animals under Order Artiodactyla Suborder Ruminantia chew cud and have split or cloven hooves. Families Antilocapridae, Bovidae, Cervidae, Giraffidae, Moschidae and Tragulidae are all under this suborder and contain the following animals that chew cud:
Family Antilocapridae:- Common Pronghorn
- Mexican Pronghorn
- Lower Californian Pronghorn
- Sonoran Pronghorn
- Oregon Pronghorn
- Domestic Cattle & Zebu
- Yak
- American Bison (Woods and Plains)
- Springbok
- Guar
- Domestic Asian Water Buffalo
- Wild Asian Water Buffalo
- African Cape Buffalo
- Muskox
- Banteng
- Grey Rhebok
- Chiru or Tibetan Antelope
- Gayal
- Four-horned Antelope
- Nilgai/Blue-bull
- Lowland Anoa
- Mountain Anoa
- Tamaraw
- Cebu Tamaraw
- Auroch (extinct)
- Kouprey
- Saola
- Wisent
- Bongo
- Greater Kudu
- Lesser Kudu
- Kewel
- Imbabala
- Mountain nyala
- Nyala
- Sitatunga
- Common Eland
- Giant Eland
- Abbott's Duiker
- Ader's Duiker
- Bay Duiker
- Black Duiker
- Black-fronted Duiker
- Brook's Duiker
- Harvey's Duiker
- Jenink's Duiker
- Ogilby's Duiker
- Peter's Duiker
- Red-Flanked Duiker
- Red Forest Duiker
- Ruwenzori Duiker
- Weyn's Duiker
- White-Bellied Duiker
- Yellow-backed Duiker
- Zebra Duiker
- Blue Duiker
- Maxwell's Duiker
- Walter's Duiker
- Common Duiker
- Roan Antelope
- Sable Antelope
- Giant Sable Antelope
- East African Oryx
- Scimitar Oryx
- Gremsbok
- Arabian Oryx
- Addax
- Dibatag
- Blackbuck
- Mongalla Gazelle
- Red-Fronted Gazells
- Thomson's Gazelle
- Heuglin's Gazelle
- Chinkara or Indian Gazelle
- Dorcas Gazelle
- Mountain Gazelle
- Speke's Gazelle
- Cuvier's Gazelle
- Rhim Gazelle or Slender-horned Gazelle
- Goitered Gazelle
- Gerenuk
- Dama Gazelle
- Grant's Gazelle
- Soemmerring's Gazelle
- Zeren
- Goa
- Przewalski's Gazelle
- Tibetan Antelope
- Saiga
- Beira
- Günther's Dik-dik
- Kirk's Dik-dik
- Silver Dik-dik
- Salt's Dik-dik
- Suni
- Royal Antelope
- Klipspringer
- Oribi
- Steenbok
- Cape Grysbok
- Sharpe's Grysbok
- Takin
- Muskox
- Barbary Sheep
- Arabian tahr
- Wild Goat
- Domestic Goat
- West Caucasian Tur
- East Caucasian Tur
- Markhor
- Alpine Ibex
- Nubian Ibex
- Spanish Ibex
- Siberian Ibex
- Walia Ibex
- Himalayan Tahr
- Argali
- Domestic Sheep
- American Bighorn Sheep
- Dall's or Thinhorn Sheep
- European Mouflon
- Snow Sheep
- Urial
- Nilgiri Tahrs
- Bharal (Himalayan Blue Sheep)
- Dwarf Blue Sheep
- Japanese Serow
- Sumatran Serow
- Taiwan Serow
- Chinese Serow
- Red Serow
- Himalayan Serow
- Red Goral
- Chinese Goral
- Grey Goral
- Long-tailed Goral
- Mountain Goat
- Pyrenean Chamois
- Chamois
- Upemba Lechwe
- Waterbuck
- Kob
- Lechwe
- Nile Lechwe
- Puku
- Southern Reedbuck
- Mountain Reedbuck
- Bohor Reedbuck
- Black-faced Impala
- Common Impala
- Hirola
- Korrigum
- Topi
- Coastal Topi
- Tsessebe
- Bontebok
- Blesbok
- Bangweulu Tsessebe
- Coke's Hartebeest
- Lelwel Hartebeest
- Western Hartebeest
- Swayne's Hartebeest
- Tora Hartebeest
- Red Hartebeest
- Lichtenstein's Hartebeest
- Blue Wildebeest
- Eastern White-bearded Wildebeest
- Cookson's wildebeest
- Nyassaland Wildebeest
- Western White-bearded Wildebeest
- Southern Red Muntjac or Indian Muntjac
- Reeves's Muntjac or Chinese Muntjac
- Hairy-fronted Muntjac or Black Muntjac
- Fea's Muntjac
- Bornean Yellow Muntjac
- Gongshan muntjac
- Giant Muntjac
- Truong Son Muntjac
- Roosevelt's Muntjac
- Leaf Muntjac
- Sumatran Muntjac
- Pu Hoat Muntjac
- Tufted Deer
- Fallow Deer
- Persian Fallow Deer
- Chital or Axis deer
- Barasingha
- Eld's Deer
- Père David's Deer
- Hog Deer
- Calamian Deer
- Bawean Deer
- Sambar
- Sunda Sambar or Rusa Deer
- Philippine Sambar
- Philippine Spotted Deer or Visayan Spotted Deer
- Red Deer
- Corsican Red Deer
- Yarkand Deer
- Bactrian Deer
- Kashmir Stag
- Maral Deer
- Tibetan Wapiti
- Sichuan Wapiti
- Manchurian Wapiti
- American Wapiti (more commonly known as "Elk" in North America)
- Sika Deer
- Thorold's Deer
- Moose (also called "Elk" outside of North America)
- European Roe Deer
- Siberian Roe Deer
- Chinese water deer
- Peary Caribou
- Porcupine or Grant's Caribou
- Mountain Reindeer
- Barren-Ground Caribou
- Svalbard Reindeer
- Finnish Forest Reindeer
- Woodland Caribou
- Queen Charlotte Islands Caribou
- Taruca or North Andean Deer
- Chilean Huemul or South Andean Deer
- Red Brocket
- Small Red Brocket or Bororo
- Merida Brocket
- Dwarf Brocket
- Gray Brocket
- Pygmy Brocket
- Amazonian Brown Brocket
- Yucatan Brown Brocket
- Little Red Brocket
- Central American Red Brocket
- Marsh Deer
- Pampas deer
- Northern Pudú
- Southern Pudú
- White-tailed deer
- Mule deer
- Black-tailed deer
- Nubian Giraffe
- Reticulated or Somali Giraffe
- Angolan or Smoky Giraffe
- Kordofan Giraffe
- Kilimanjaro or Maasai Giraffe
- Rothschild, Baringo or Ugandan Giraffe
- South African Giraffe
- Thornicraft or Rhodesian Giraffe
- West African or Nigerian Giraffe
- Okapi
- Alpine Musk Deer
- Siberian Musk Deer
- Dwarf Musk Deer
- Black Musk Deer
- Anhui Musk Deer
- Kashmir Musk Deer
- White-Bellied Musk Deer
- Water Chevrotain
- Indian Spotted Chevrotain
- Sri Lankan Spotted Chevrotain
- Yellow-striped Chevrotain
- Java Mouse-deer
- Lesser Mouse-deer or Kanchil
- Greater Mouse-deer
- Philippine Mouse-deer
- Vietnam Mouse-deer
- Williamson's Mouse-deer
Does a cow stop lactating between pregnancies?
No, cows continue to lactate after giving birth (between pregnancies).
Many cows are 'dried off' (where they stop lactating) during the later stage of pregnancy before she gives birth again.
Cud is partly digested forage that is regurgitated back up from the reticulo-rumen to be rechewed again to enable further digestion of starches. Animals like cattle chew cud when they are resting. When they are done chewing cud, they swallow it back down again.
You can. I wouldn't recommend it though(probably taste disgusting). Just be careful. Some butterflies are poisonous.
Why do ruminants eat hurriedly?
They are prey animals. They need to take in as much food as possible before moving on to the next grazing area because they will never know when a predator will come out and scare them off from where they are eating.
How do ruminants eat hurriedly?
Simple: they swallow their food whole, and rechew it later when their rumen is full.
What are the four phases of rumination?
The four phases of rumination are:
- Regurgitation: where partly digested feed is "brought up" by contractions in the rumen and reticulum and reverse peristalsis of the esophagus to the mouth.
- Remastication: partly digested feed is chewed
- Re-insalivation: saliva in the mouth is mixed with the partly digested feed as its chewed
- Re-swallowing: the thoroughly chewed feed is re-swallowed to be fermented in the rumen.
Cows ARE ruminants. A ruminant is a herbivorous animal that has multiple-chambered stomachs designed to process and digest coarse plant matter. Ruminants regurgitate half-digested feed and rechew it before swallowing it again. This is known as chewing the cud.
How does the abomasum in a cow work?
It works the very same way that your stomach does. The abomasum is considered the true stomach because it secretes the same acids and enzymes as a human or monogastric's stomach would.
What feed component is most effectively digested by fermentation in the rumen and cecum?
In ruminants, fibrous feed components, particularly cellulose and hemicellulose found in plant cell walls, are most effectively digested by fermentation in the rumen. This fermentation process is facilitated by a diverse population of microorganisms, including bacteria, protozoa, and fungi, which break down these complex carbohydrates into simpler compounds. In the cecum of non-ruminant herbivores, such as horses, similar fermentation occurs, allowing for the digestion of fibrous materials. Overall, fiber is the key component that benefits from fermentation in both the rumen and cecum.
