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Stomach
The stomach is a part of the digestive system where food is broken down by acid. It is then transferred to the intestines.
2,375 Questions
Is stomach ulcer caused by microbe?
no.
Stomach ulcer is the result of acid from the stomach entering the duodenum. This is usually caused by the microbacteria Helicobacter Pylori. Stress can increase the likelyhood of a stomach ulcer.
Why is there a high incidence of of esophageal anastomosis?
Objective: The purpose of the study was to compare in prospective randomized fashion a manually sutured esophagogastric anastomosis in the neck and a stapled in the chest after esophageal resection and gastric tube reconstruction.
Summary Background Data: Despite the fact that all reconstructions after esophagectomy will result in a cervical or a thoracic anastomosis, controversy still exists as to the optimal site for the anastomosis. In uncontrolled studies, both neck and chest anastomoses have been advocated. The only reported randomized study is difficult to evaluate because of varying routes of the substitute and different anastomotic techniques within the groups. The reported high failure rate of stapled anastomoses in the neck and the fact that most surgeons prefer to suture cervical anastomoses made us choose this technique for anastomosis in the neck. Our routine and the preference of most surgeons to staple high thoracic anastomoses became decisive for type of thoracic anastomoses.
Methods: Between May 9, 1990 and February 5, 1996, 83 patients undergoing esophageal resection were prospectively randomized to receive an esophagogastric anastomosis in the neck (41 patients) or an esophagogastric anastomosis in the chest (42 patients). To evaluate selection bias, patients undergoing esophageal resection during the same period but not randomized (n = 29) were also followed and compared with those in the study (n = 83). Objective measurements of anastomotic level and diameter were assessed with an endoscope and balloon catheter 3, 6, and 12 months after surgery. The long-term survival rates were compared with the log-rank test.
Results: Two patients (1.8%) died in hospital, and the remaining 110 patients were followed until death or for a minimum of 60 months. The genuine 5-year survival rate was 29% for chest anastomoses and 30% for neck anastomoses. The overall leakage rate was 1.8% (2 cases of 112) with no relation to mortality or anastomotic method. All patients in the randomized group had tumor-free proximal and distal resection lines, but 1 patient in the nonrandomized group had tumor infiltrates in the proximal resection margin. At 3, 6, and 12 months after operation, there was no difference in anastomotic diameter between the esophagogastric anastomosis in the neck and in the thorax (P = 0.771), and both increased with time (P = 0.004, ANOVA repeated measures). Body weight development was the same in the two groups. With similar results in randomized and nonrandomized patients, study bias was eliminated.
Conclusions: When performed in a standardized way, neck and chest anastomoses after esophageal resection are equally safe. The additional esophageal resection of 5 cm in the neck group did not increase tumor removal and survival; on the other hand, it did not adversely influence morbidity, anastomotic diameter, or eating as reflected by body weight development.
The organ most used for reconstruction after esophagectomy is the stomach.[1,2] Advantages include ease of construction and the prospect to achieve a substitute of sufficient length. Proximal gastric necrosis, with subsequent gastroduodenal content contaminating the anastomotic area, is a disastrous complication, however, and bears a high mortality rate irrespective of whether the anastomosis is in the neck or in the thorax.[3,4] The ideal anastomotic localization has been the subject of several clinical investigations[1,3-5] but has not been adequately evaluated. Some authors favor cervical esophagogastric anastomoses despite an increased incidence of leakage,[5]stricture formation,[6] and damage to the recurrent laryngeal nerve[7] because of better tumor eradication[5] and reduced mortality and morbidity associated with an anastomotic breakdown.[1,2,4] Others deny a difference in leakage rates,[3] stricture frequency,[3,5] and the innocence of dehiscence in cervical anastomoses[3,5,8] or a better long-term survival.[5] The variation in the results might be explained by different methods of preparing, localizing, and anastomosing the esophageal substitute.
The quality of an anastomosis is infrequently expressed as anastomotic diameter but more often is judged by the frequency of stricture during follow-up. This may be misleading because there is no accepted definition of a stricture. Nor is dysphagia a good marker because it is well known that patients can experience dysphagia with a wide anastomosis and, vice versa, patients may not seek medical attention because of dysphagia until the anastomosis is only a couple of millimeters wide.[9] Moreover, it is not reported the length of the additional esophageal resection necessary for a neck anastomosis. The consequence of this on anastomotic width and postoperative weight development has not been studied.
This trial was designed to compare in a prospective randomized fashion two methods of esophagogastric anastomosis, one in the neck and the other in the apex of the right chest, in a group of patients not affected by perioperative radiochemotherapy. The number of patients required in the study to reach 80% power was based on the high radiologic leakage frequency of about 20% for neck anastomoses reported at study start[5] and the hope to improve it to the more acceptable level of 2% for intrathoracic anastomoses.[10] Hospital mortality and morbidity, anastomotic level and diameter, body weight development, and long-term survival were the endpoints.
Should you go to school with stomach flu?
No. You could get other people sick because the virus that causes the stomach flu is VERY contagious.
What happens when food leaves the stomach?
"Food" as a whole does not leave your stomach. By the time what you eat exits through the small intestine, blood supply and other systemic processes, it is broken down into usable parts such as minerals, proteins (in smaller parts amino acids) that can be used more readily by the body. The stomachs purpose is essentially to break down the larger pieces (solid foods and larger molecules of liquids) through a combination of enzymes and acid interactions. Once the breaking down takes place, other processes take over well before the waste (that we know as feces) takes over. Actually, the waste products are the last step where the large intestine extracts liquids and binds the waste to form our feces. When our digestive system isn't working properly, then we don't extract the necessary nutrients and purge the waste that we need to in order to function properly.
Because they are coated, along with the stomach, in a thick mucus made by glans in the stomach, when the mucus is penetrated by the acid, that is when ulcers are caused
Why doesnt meat tenderizer or pineapple juice break down the cells in your stomach?
They do (as do stomach acids {even faster & better}),
but slowly as the stomach is lined (coated) with mucus,
which "prevents" physical contact.
What exercises can get rid of wrinkled stomach skin?
Exercise gets rid of stomach fat. But unfortunately, no exercises get rid of stomach wrinkles or excess skin.
What does epithelial tissue do in the stomach?
The main function of it in the stomach is to secret,selective absorption,protection, trans cellular transport and detection of sensation .
If you are to full and you drink water can that water overflow into your lungs and drown you?
No, provided you are built normally. Your stomach can absorb a lot. If not you may vomit and there is always small risk in that if you do so while conscious and not able to be upright, then you can aspirate water into your lungs . Most likely you will find yourself needing to urinate .
There is such a thing as " water poisoning " . This is an expression which means you consume a large volume of water in a short period of time, causing electrolyte imbalance , which may lead to cardiac arrhythmia , and in rare cases, death.
Yes, but it could also be that you have a tumor. See a doctor!
What epithelial tissue lines the stomach and its microvilli and increase surface area for absoption?
There's some confusion here.
The stomach lacks microvilli as it is NOT an organ of absorption. It's function is to churn your food into an isotonic mush ...
so that
your small intestines, which do have microvilli, can absorb nutrients.
Is there a wrong spot to pierce?
Yes there are plenty of wrong spots to pierce that's why it's not child's play, this is a serious art form and a skilled trade that requires supervised training under and experienced professional body piercer.
Why does a Sakabato blade have a curve?
The Sakabato (Lit: Reverse-Blade Sword) has a curve because, simply put, it is a fictional weapon. In the end, the Sakabato is not a functional weapon, and though the Manga Rurouni Kenshin popularized it, it would not be very practical in a real sword fight. But a more specific reason as to why, would probably be best described by the fact that it is meant to be a Katana. The Katana's design was meant to carry an edge on the outward part of the blade's curve, not the inner curve, and by reversing this make up the sword is actually much weaker than it would be.
The sharp edge was softer than the strong blunt side, and so when it hit something too strong for it to completely cut (if at all) , the sword would be more likely to chip, rather than snap. However with the Sakabato design, one would be striking with the strong blunt side and that would put much more stress on the metal, making it much more likely to snap, rather than chip.
Chokuto (or "straight Katana") are also weaker than normal katana, and again this comes from their construction. Curved blades are stronger than straight ones when it comes to slashing and cutting, while straight ones hold the advantage in thrusting.
This analogy might help explain: Think of a cube, and a hammer. You try to hit this cube with the hammer and it will be pretty simple, since the sides are flat, and don't move. The corners are a weak point because the sides all attach at those joints, making them able to collapse. But now try to hit a sphere with that hammer, no matter where you hit it, it'll be the same as hitting it anywhere else, there are no corners, and no weak points.
So if one were to try to make a functional Sakabato they would try to use the strongest design would they not? And that happens to be a curved blade. Then there is the other explanation that comes from its origin. The Sakabato was invented by the author of Ruorouni Kenshin, and the main character Kenshin Himura was a swordsman whom used Katana, so therefore his sword had to be in the design of a Katana or it wouldn't make sense.
It's more symbolic than anything else really, since using a Katana with the inner curve as the sharp edge is unwieldy and awkward, it would make it even harder for him to break his vow to not kill, he'd have to go out of his way to do so. And so that's why the Sakabato has a curved blade.
To see an example of a similar weapon that was used in Europe research the Falx, and/or the Rhomphaia. Despite the surmise of the above answer, these weapons were anything but unwieldy and cut with devestating amounts of power, forcing the Romans to upgrade their Armor and Shields.
i disagree as i weild a sakabato and it is perfectly functional and works very well admitted that people without a licnece can only purchase ones that do not work and are only for diplay but the balde still works and may be used once or twice before it breaks.
What happens to food before it enters your stomach?
Once food enters your mouth, saliva begins to break it down. When you swallow, the food moves down your esophagus to your stomach. The act of swallowing is also called deglutition.
Not if she has the same bug, which is probably the case.
So, don't worry, you can look after her and it's highly unlikely you'll catch it again.
No this will not effect the development of her breasts. Each young woman develops at her own time and rate of development. Add on: Once she begins to develop and have breasts she'll automatically change positions in bed during the night because it will be uncomfortable.
What is the best way to get rid of water grass?
I'm not quite sure what you mean by "water grass," but in our "coastal and bayou" country, we have what we call "marsh grass." Our marsh grass requires lots of rain, standing water, combined with our high humidity. If the grass does not have this environment, it simply dies out. I suggest that if you deprive your water grass of its water supply [buy improving drainage, or filling of the low spots] it also will die out.j3h.
The job of the Stomach is to break down the food and store it. Your biles help break it down so that it can past through your intestines.
