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Tanakh and Talmud
The Tanakh is the set of books that constitute the Hebrew Bible. The Talmud, which comprises the Mishnah (Jewish Oral Law) and the Gemara (commentary on the Mishnah) is the written deliberation of Jewish principles and laws.
5,774 Questions
What was an effect of the interaction between the Chaldeans and the ancient Hebrews?
Since the Hebrews and non-Hebrews lived side by side in Chaldean Mesopotamia, there may have been some borrowing in language or other minor matters. But in terms of fundamental beliefs, the two are quite different.Judaism, according to tradition, has always been monotheistic. Even at the height of the unfortunate spread of idolatry among the less-loyal Ten Tribes, there were thousands who remained loyal to God (1 Kings 19:18).
(See: Judaism and monotheism)
The Chaldeans, however, believed in a number of deities, which sometimes led to aberrations in people's behavior (See: Cruelties of the polytheists). This was among the reasons why Abraham the Hebrew founded ethical monotheism.
It may be noted that there are certain comparative similarities that can be found among the two ancient populations (Hebrews and Chaldean non-Hebrews). According to tradition, this did not stem from borrowing, but rather from the existence of an even older tradition; the worldwide one stemming from Noah. This is, for example, why (almost all) people over the entire world believed in the existence of the soul, the afterlife, the significance of the number seven, the institution of marriage, the abhorrence of cannibalism, etc.
Who taught Christianity to non-Jews?
The Apostle Paul was one of the main people who ministered to the gentiles (non-Jews)
How did the ancient Hebrews impact our modern world?
==new answer== The best is yet to come. In the universal language of mind, Israelites anre the keepers of the secrets.
http://som.org/NewPages/Newsite07/SOMBar/Books/Titles/Matthew.HTML
Why do people pick on Jewish people?
The bullies believe wrong things about Jewish persons and believe they are different from others. They believe negative stereotypes about them related to wealth. Or the bullies might even have antisemitic views.
What happened to the Israelites and people of Judah by 586bc?
The northern 10 tribes of Israel had been captured by Assyria forty years earlier, their aristocracies were deported to Assyria and a new aristocracy brought in to rule the tribes.
In 587 Jerusalem was besieged by Nebuchadnezzar's Babylon and was captured. Following the Assyrian technique, the Babylonians sent the aristocracy of the southern tribes of Judah and Benjamin to Babylon and a new aristocracy was imported to rule the tribes and keep them quiet.
Who is the leader of the State of Israel?
Israel is a democracy,
The President is the "leader" of Israel (Head of State) but he doesn't have rights to control Israel and he is just symbol of Israel, the Prime Minister is the one who lead Israel (Head of Government).
The current (Dec 2013) Prime Minister of the State of Israel is Benjamin Netanyahu.
The Prime Minister is the leader of the political party that wins the greatest number of Knesset (parliament) seats in a general election. The primary political power lies in the office of Prime Minister. Currently, the Likkud conservative political party, has the most seats in the Knesset.
The current (Dec 2013) President of the State of Israel is Shimon Peres. While the Presidency in Israel is largely a ceremonial role, given Peres's long career in public service, he has more political influence than Israeli presidents typically have. The President is elected by the Knesset, to serve a term of seven years, and cannot be re-elected to the position of President.
The President of Israel only serves as a ceremonial figurehead while the Prime Minister holds the power of the Executive branch. As of 2014, Benjamin Netanyahu is Israel's leader.
What is the oldest language Hebrew or Tamil?
Research suggests that Proto-Dravidian, the forerunner of Tamil, was spoken around the third millennium BCE. Hebrew is estimated by some to be least 1000 years older than that.
Some scholars believe Hebrew evolved from a Canaanite dialect late in the tenth century BCE, long after Proto-Dravidian.
Others date it back to more than 12,000 years, long before the Hebrew tribe became monotheistic.
Jewish tradition states that Hebrew was the language with which God created the world (Rashi commentary, Genesis 2:23, quoting the midrash). Thus, certain Hebrew Psalms (92 and 139) and teachings are attributed to Adam, the first man.
Does it cost money to go to school in Israel?
There are free public schools and there are private schools (such as Yeshivot) for which one pays.
Typical cost for one month of religious private school, with food and dorm, is the equivalent of roughly $200 U.S. dollars.
Which pharaoh was asked to release the Hebrews?
There is no indication of his name in the Bible, but scholars call him Pharoah 128, to presume it was Ramses or anyone else is best left to those who do not answer questions on here.
And incidentally, no one, Pharaoh or otherwise, drove Moses out of Egypt. Moses went to Pharaoh and demanded he let Moses and his people go (they were slaves in Egypt, not people Pharaoh would be inclined to drive away since they were his cheap labor force). When Pharaoh would not let Moses and the Israelites go, 10 plagues descended upon Egypt one at a time until finally Pharaoh let Moses and his people leave. Pharaoh quickly changed his mind and chased Moses (to either capture them all or kill them all) to the Red Sea where Moses and his people safely crossed the sea and Pharaoh's men/army were all swallowed up by the sea.
Why where the children of Israel called Hebrews?
The word Hebrew comes from the Hebrew word Ivri (עברי). It's theorized that this word is related to the Hebrew word ever (עבר) which means "beyond". It's a reference to Abraham coming from "beyond the river".
Answer:
The name "Hebrews" comes from Ever (see Genesis ch.10), and refers to all of Ever's descendants, one of whom was Abraham (Genesis ch.11).
However, once we received the name of Israel (Genesis ch.35), we preferred to use that name instead of "Hebrews," because "Hebrews" is generic, while Israel is a title of honor.
Why did the Jewish community despise tax collectors?
Some antipathy would naturally arise even if the tax collectors just collected what was due - no one likes to pay taxes... But the Romans allowed tax collectors to add their own charge to what was owed - sort of a "handling charge."
The amount they added was unregulated, but still backed by Roman military might, so some tax collectors were actually robbing the citizenry. Because of this, tax collectors were widely seen as a thieving class.
When did Jewish men have to pay the temple tax?
Each year, every adult male Israelite gave an obligatory donation of one-half shekel to the Tabernacle (Exodus ch.30); and later, to the Temple (Mishna, tractate Shekalim). This money was customarily given during Adar (early Spring). It paid for the sacrifices, Temple upkeep, and related costs.
The purchasing power in those days of 1/2 shekel was enough to support a small family for about four days.
What is one way that ancient Hebrews gave Tzedakah?
When they were harvesting, they would leave fallen sheaves for the poor (Leviticus ch.23; Ruth ch.2).
When did Jacob of the Old Testament live?
According to tradition, he lived from 1652 BCE to 1505 BCE.
Only partially true.
To explain: Christ Jesus stated that the whole Law given to the ancient Hebrews, could really be summed-up & condensed into just two laws:
1st) You must love Jehovah God with your whole heart, soul, and mind and strength; and
2nd) You must love your neighbor as yourself.
Actually it is these 2 laws (not just the 10 commandments) that form the basis for the greatest influence upon True Christians, not just in the Western world; but upon True Christians all around the globe.
Who wrote the Books of Samuel?
The author is not named, but many Jewish and Christian scholars believe that Samuel wrote the first 24 chapters, and Nathan, Gad, or an anonymous author using the records of the three prophets wrote the remainder of I Samuel, and all of II Samuel.
There was originally only one Book of Samuel but it was so long that it was difficult to produce on one papyrus scroll, which had practical limitations on length. Eventually Samuel was split into two books, 1 Samuel and 2 Samuel.
Samuel can be seen to be very closely integrated with 1 Kings (and then 2 Kings) and has very much the same style, to the point that they would appear to be almost the same book if not separated by their titles. In fact, the Books of Samuel are considered by biblical scholars to be part of the Deuteronomic history, which was written by the anonymous author we now call the Deuteronomist, in the seventh century BCE.
How did the Israelites come to Palestine?
According to the Biblical narrative, the Israelites approached Palestine from the East (where Jordan is now). According to archaeology, the Israelites were endemic to the Judean Highlands of Palestine (in what is now the West Bank and central Israel).
How was David's relationship with God?
He was God's prophet during the Babylonian captivity:
Daniel 2:20-23New King James Version (NKJV)20 Daniel answered and said:
"Blessed be the name of God forever and ever,
For wisdom and might are His.
21 And He changes the times and the seasons;
He removes kings and raises up kings;
He gives wisdom to the wise
And knowledge to those who have understanding.
22 He reveals deep and secret things;
He knows what is in the darkness,
And light dwells with Him.
23 "I thank You and praise You,
O God of my fathers;
You have given me wisdom and might,
And have now made known to me what we asked of You,
For You have made known to us the king's demand
What are the central beliefs of Judaism?
The philosophy of Judaism is that this world is a purposeful creation by God*, in which all people are tested concerning their use of free-will. We possess a soul which lives on after the body dies and is held responsible for the person's actions. Anyone who is worthy, Jewish or not, can merit reward in the afterlife.
Here is a list of the most basic beliefs of Judaism, as collated by Maimonides:
1. God exists, and is the Creator.
This tells us that the world is not purposeless or chaotic. Life is the result of a deliberate, purposeful, intelligent and kind Creator; not a melancholy chaos or a string of fortuitous accidents.
2. God is One and unique.
This is the basis of all Western monotheistic belief, which was given to the world by Abraham and his descendants. This belief places God at the center of reality and of our world-outlook and thoughts.
3. God is not physical.
This includes the corollary that no person should be worshiped as God or as a god. Judaism has no god-kings, no demigods, no angel who flouts God's will, and no sports-idols, movie-idols etc.
4. God is eternal.
This includes the belief that God's ways are also eternal. God is not capricious, forgetful or fickle. Investing in a relationship with God is the only thing that will bear eternal benefits.
5. Prayer is to be directed only to God.
This also teaches us that no person, government or institution is to be accorded blind trust. We pray directly to God, three times a day; and we recount our shortcomings, ask for our needs, and acknowledge our successes with happy thanks.
6. The words of the prophets are true.
8. The Torah was given to Moses by God.
These two beliefs are the basis of our attitude towards the Torah: it is the center of our lives. Jews are keeping mitzvot (commands), saying blessings, praying, learning Torah and doing acts of kindness and charity all the time. The Torah is the single greatest thing that a Jew has; given to us to provide knowledge, guidance, inspiration, awe and reverence, advice, law, comfort, history and more. It is the basis of Judaism.
9. There will be no other Torah.
We Jews have been around for 3800 years. New fads, manifestos, beliefs or lifestyles which rear their heads are met by the Jew with a calm, seasoned eye and the proverbial grain of salt. The Torah doesn't change; and every new thing can be measured against the Torah's standards.
10. God knows the thoughts and deeds of all.
11. God rewards the good and punishes the wicked.
These two beliefs provide a vast incentive towards righteousness and, when needed, repentance.
They also form part of the basis of our belief in the afterlife, since this entire world wouldn't be enough to reward a Moses or punish a Hitler.
God is just (Deuteronomy 32:4); and all outstanding accounts are settled after this life.
12. The Messiah will come.
13. The dead will be resurrected.
Judaism is the only ancient religion which taught optimism; and a large part of that optimism was and is based upon the words of the prophets.
What was King David's most important contribution as King of Israel?
Another answer from our community:
King David was the second Israelite King after King Saul. He was notable in that he was a successful military leader and defeated a number of nearby enemies, including the Philistines who themselves had killed Saul and his son Jonathan.
David was also known as having written over 70 songs or Psalms used in Israelite worship, and being preserved in the book of Psalms. He also in this regard had involvement in organising and sponsoring groups of singers.
What are three ways the Judges helped the Hebrews?
the three ways were chosing God as their helper,to be brave,and to not be scare of your enemy.
Answer:
1) The Judges were Torah-leaders who strengthened the observance of the Torah.
2) The Judges, when needed, led the Israelites in battle, freeing the nation from oppression.
3) The Judges led the Israelites in repentance to God, eradicating any dabbling in idolatry that some of the less-intelligent had slipped into.
What was the name of the Pharaoh during Passover?
The Passover celebrates an event said to have taken place shortly before the Israelite Exodus from Egypt. The Bible very clearly places the Exodus from Egypt around 1440 BCE (1 Kings 6:1), but we now know from archaeology that Egypt was at that time very much in control of Canaan and remained so until the thirteenth century, which brings us to the time of Ramesses II, or Ramses II, pharaoh from around 1290 to 1224 BCE. No earlier pharaoh could have been the pharaoh at the time of the biblical Passover and who drowned in pursuit of the fleeing Israelites as they crossed the Red Sea. Moreover, it was he who built the city of Ramses (Pi-Ramesses), mentioned in the story of the Exodus, thus ruling out his predecessors. For these reasons, a more modern Jewish tradition redates the early history of Israel and places the Exodus much later.
Unlike the biblical pharaoh, who was drowned in the Red Sea, Ramses II died peacefully as an old man and was buried in a tomb in the Valley of Kings. His body was later moved to a royal cache. For Ramses II to have been the Pharaoh who let the people go, we would have to move the date of the Exodus forward by around two centuries and therefore move Solomon's reign to a historically impossible period. We would also have to have Ramses escape the Red Sea, in spite of Exodus 14:28. Assuming there really was an Exodus from Egypt, which few scholars now accept, Ramses II could not have been that pharaoh, regardless of popular tradition.
Ramses' son, Merneptah, ruled from 1213 to 1203 BCE and died peacefully as an old man, buried in the Valley of Kings. Merneptah's successor was also buried in the Valley of Kings, thus ruling out all possible pharaohs until long after the traditional date of the Exodus and even after Israelite settlers began to appear in the Canaanite hinterland.
It is not possible to identify any historical pharaoh with the biblical Exodus. The history of the Hebrews must have been in some way different to that told in the Book of Exodus.
Answer:
According to tradition (stated in Seder Olam, written 1850 years ago), the Exodus took place in 1312 BCE. Tradition states that Egypt was in turmoil for over 150 years after the Exodus. Some Torah-commentaries hold that Pharaoh did not die in the Red Sea. The short answer is that we don't know who the Pharaoh of the Exodus was; and various names have been suggested.
Did the Eygptians defeat the Hittites?
The Bible does not indicate that the Egyptians made war or pursuit the Hittites. It specify that they pursuit the Israelites to the Red Sea but were destroyed by the sea. However in Joshua 24: 11 the Bible states that the Israelites destroyed the Hittites. Though the Israelites lived in Egypt they did not take on the nationality of Egypt but stayed true to their roots and Nationality as Israelites.
Joshua 24:11
" 'Then you crossed the Jordan and came to Jericho. The citizens of Jericho fought against you, as did also the Amorites, Perizzites, Canaanites, Hittites, Girgashites, Hivites and Jebusites, but I gave them into your hands.
When did Nebuchadnezzar take Daniel captive?
Many historians place the beginning of the the Jewish problem with the Babylonian defeat of the Egyptians in Syria in 605 BC/BCE. The ruler of the Babylonian empire was King Nebuchadnezzar. In 598 BC/BCE he marched his army west and laid seige to Jerusalem. A year later he captured the city. History does not say he enslaved the Jews at that point. Nebuchadnezzar installed a Jewish king he thought he could control, namely King Zedekiah. The new king was said to be conspiring against Babylonian power in Judea. The Babylonians in 587 BC/BCE placed Jerusalem under siege. In 586 BC/BCE Nebuchadnezzar captured the king and destroyed the Temple in Jerusalem. As part of this war, Nebuchadnzzar brought most of the Jews to Babylon as slaves.
