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Biochemistry

Biochemistry is the study of the structure, composition and chemical processes in all living organisms. It covers the structures and functions of various cellular components, including proteins, carbohydrates, nucleic acids, lipids, and other biomolecules.

8,065 Questions

What does B vitamins do for your body?

B vitamins play essential roles in maintaining overall health, including promoting energy production, supporting brain function, aiding in red blood cell formation, and contributing to a healthy metabolism. They are important for converting food into energy and for supporting the nervous system.

Role of distal histidine in myoglobin?

The distal histidine in myoglobin serves as a gatekeeper that helps to control the access of ligands (such as oxygen) to the heme iron. It stabilizes the bound ligand and prevents it from oxidizing, while also facilitating ligand binding and release. Additionally, the distal histidine can influence the rate of ligand binding and dissociation through hydrogen bonding interactions.

What color tubes prevent glycolysis?

Gray tubes containing sodium fluoride and potassium oxalate are commonly used to prevent glycolysis by inhibiting the enzymes responsible for breaking down glucose in the blood sample. These additives help preserve glucose levels for accurate testing in the laboratory.

What is a beta barrel?

A beta barrel is a protein structure where beta strands form a cylindrical shape that typically surrounds a central pore. This structure is commonly found in transmembrane proteins that span lipid bilayers. Beta barrels play essential roles in various cellular processes, including transport of molecules across membranes and as receptors for signaling molecules.

What is an antithrombotic agent?

An antithrombotic agent is a medication that helps prevent blood clots from forming in the blood vessels. These agents are used to reduce the risk of conditions such as heart attacks, strokes, and deep vein thrombosis. Examples of antithrombotic agents include aspirin, heparin, and warfarin.

What element that makes up 65 percent of human body?

Short Answer:

Carbon provides 18 or 19 percent of the total mass of the human body.

Not as much as oxygen which makes up approximately 65% of the human body mass.

Numerically, hydrogen approaches 65% of the total number of atoms in the human body, but it is probably closer to 63% for most people.

Accounting by Mass:

The mass of the human body is provided mostly by oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen. Together these elements account for about 96% of the mass of a human.

Add in about a kilogram of calcium in the bones and body fluids and you are up to 97.4%. All of this depends on the particular person since water, our major component, can differ by 10% from one individual to another.

That said, typically the breakdown goes like this.

Oxygen: 65% of the mass

Carbon: 18% of the mass

Hydrogen: 10% of the mass

Nitrogen: 3% of the mass

Calcium: 1.4 % of the mass

Phosphorus 1.1% of the mass

With phosphorus, one has accounted for 98.5% of the mass of the typical human and that will change by a couple of tenths from person to person.

Accounting by Numbers:

Numerically we have nearly twice as many hydrogen atoms in our bodies as compared to all other elements combined. Specifically, hydrogen counts as 63% of our atoms by number, give or take a bit, but being so light it barely gets to 10% of our mass. Oxygen atoms count as 24% and carbon atoms are a mere 12% of the populations. Together, our three basic organic building blocks account for 99% of all the atoms in the body.

Caveat:

As was said above, the water content of the human body weight varieties between 55 to 65 % from one person to the next and being the major component changes the numbers above a little for each individual.

Summary:

Almost 99% of the mass of the human body is made up of the six elements oxygen, carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen, calcium, and phosphorus.

Most of the last 1% is made up of five elements: potassium, sulfur, sodium, chlorine, and magnesium, but a tenth of a percent or so is made up of another dozen or so elements which include those recognized as essential to health such as iron, iodine and fluorine as well as beneficial trace elements like manganese, copper and zinc.

Define and explain the concept of biochemistry?

Biochemistry is the branch of science that focuses on the chemical processes and substances that occur within living organisms. It explores how biological molecules like proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, and nucleic acids interact and function in various cellular processes, such as metabolism and gene expression. Biochemistry helps us understand the molecular basis of life and how living organisms maintain homeostasis.

Is Cellobiose is reducing or non reducing sugar?

Cellobiose is a reducing sugar because it has a reducing aldehyde group present in its chemical structure. This aldehyde group can undergo oxidation reactions, making cellobiose a reducing sugar.

Chloroplasts are to plants as what are to aerobic respiration?

Mitochondria are to aerobic respiration. Mitochondria are responsible for producing ATP through cellular respiration in eukaryotic cells, similar to how chloroplasts are responsible for photosynthesis in plant cells.

What happens if you have too much thiamine?

Some say that it will affect your health, and that you could get herpes from it. But scientists have discovered that with too much thiamine in your system you could put too much stress on your bodily fluids therefore, getting a disease known as _______ which I don't know. Though as you may know thiamine is just a nutrient which is found in many foods, but sometimes if you "overdose" it, it can be harmful to your body. There is some person I met they only live near me and they said because of having too much thiamine it has affected their bodily fluid AND given them herpes, which as you know isn't good at all... Thankyou for using I have all the answers to you solutions.

What does the hormone Atrial natriuretic peptide do?

It inhibits release of renin from the kidneys and of aldosterone from the adrenal cortex.

The result is increased excretion of sodium ions and water from the kidneys and lowered blood volume and blood pressure. Or what you might be looking for is all of the above. :)

What is the difference between a hemiacetal and a hemiketal?

The main difference between a hemiacetal and a hemiketal is the functional group involved. A hemiacetal forms when an alcohol group and an aldehyde group are involved, while a hemiketal forms when an alcohol group and a ketone group react. Additionally, in a hemiacetal, one oxygen atom is part of the alcohol group and one is part of the aldehyde group, whereas in a hemiketal, both oxygen atoms are part of the alcohol group.

What happens when you burn a monosaccharide?

When you burn a monosaccharide, such as glucose, it undergoes combustion and reacts with oxygen to produce carbon dioxide, water, and energy in the form of heat and light. This process releases stored energy from the bonds within the monosaccharide molecule.

Where is the nitrogen atom in a double helix?

Nitrogen atoms are present in the nucleotide bases that make up the rungs of the DNA double helix. Specifically, the nitrogen atoms are found within the purine (adenine, guanine) and pyrimidine (cytosine, thymine) bases that pair with each other to form the double helix structure.

What the equation for the reaction catalyzed by catalase?

This is the decomposition reaction of hydrogen peroxide:
2 H2O2 = 2 H2O + O2

Result of Nylander's test in glucose?

Nylander's test is used to detect reducing sugars like glucose in a given sample. A positive result in the Nylander's test indicates the presence of reducing sugars, including glucose, causing a color change to give a brown or red precipitate.

Why the pH of stacking gel and resolving gel are different?

Stacking gel has a different pH from resolving gel because stacking gel is made out of Tris?HCI buffer which has a pH of 6.8. This makes sure that it is about 2 units different from the pH of resolving gel.

What products of aerobic cellular respiration are used by plants?

Plants use the products of aerobic cellular respiration, including ATP (adenosine triphosphate) and carbon dioxide, as sources of energy for various physiological processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction. Additionally, the water produced during respiration is utilized by plants for processes like photosynthesis and transpiration.

What molecules contain the codons?

Codons are found in mRNA molecules, which are transcribed from DNA molecules during protein synthesis. Each codon corresponds to a specific amino acid or a signal for the start or end of protein synthesis.

What is the product of the dehydration synthesis of 2 amino acid molecules is a molecule that consists of two amino acids bonded together?

The product of the dehydration synthesis of 2 amino acids is a dipeptide. During dehydration synthesis, a water molecule is removed as the amino groups of two amino acids react, forming a peptide bond between them.