Biochemistry

== == Vitamin D, an essential vitamin/hormone produced in the skin by ultraviolet radiation, is essential for calcium balance, bone density, immune function, and proper cell growth. Recent research suggests many individuals may be vitamin D deficient, especially those who do not get enough sun exposure, including people in northern latitudes. Ex: Sun, Bread === === Vitamin D has effects on the immune system, cancer prevention, multiple sclerosis, pain, heart disease, and bone density === === Vitamin K is another part of the C complex. It promotes prothrombin. That means it helps in coagulation. Bleeders do not have enough vitamin K. Consider with diastolic hypo-tension, parathyroid dysfunction, bone healing, osteoporosis, patients who avoid the sun or are house-bound, fibroids, endometriosis and psoriasis (topically). Here are some articles on Vitamin D 1. Modulation of Glucocorticoid Action by Vitamin D on Aging Hippocampal Cells

2. Potential Antiaging Effects of Vitamin D3 Protection Against Neurotoxic Agents

3. Glucocorticoids Induce Muscle Wasting: Could Vitamin D Provide Protection?

4. Vitamin D Dosage and Cancer Chemoprevention

5. Vitamin D Supplementation as a Possible Treatment for Heart Failure.

on Vitamin D

Most vitamin D products on the market contain hidden preservatives. Thorne's D-1000 provides 1,000 I.U. per capsule of pure vitamin D, with no preservatives.

Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. mxc69@psu.edu

Vitamin D is an important immune system regulator. The active form of vitamin D, 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 [1,25(OH)2D3], has been shown to inhibit the development of autoimmune diseases, including inflammatory bowel disease (IBD)

Crude oil is the naturally occurring flammable liquid found deep down beneath the earth surface especially in rock deposits. It contains a mixture of hydrocarbons each with different boiling points.

Refined oil is what is obtained after crude oil has gone through a process of 'fractional distillation' or other similar procedures which reduces the original crude form to simpler hydrocarbons which can be obtained in a fractional distillation column at different stages depending on the temperature of each constituent hydrocarbon.

Vitamin c helps prevent colds and other infections, speeds up the healing of wounds and keeps the blood vessels, teeth and skin healthy.

Vitamin C hydrates your body and increases your metabolism, leading to weight loss and healthy blood sugar levels. You need it to form bones, muscles, blood vessels and other supporting cells and tissues. In fact, vitamin C so critical that almost all animals can make it in their cells. Higher-order primates (including humans), guinea pigs, most bats, and some birds and fish are some of the few animals that cannot synthesize vitamin C and need to consume it in their daily diets.

Vitamin C can:

• Support strong cells and tissues: Your body uses vitamin C to produce collagen. Without vitamin C, your bones, muscles, blood vessels, gums, mucous membranes, corneas, joints, and other supporting cells and tissues would be too unstable to perform their functions, and you would develop symptoms of scurvy. Nobel prize winners Linus Pauling and G. C. Willis have asserted that chronic, long-term, low blood levels of vitamin C ("chronic scurvy") is a cause of atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries). Vitamin C also helps relieve stiff joints and promotes wound healing.
• Help protect cells from free radical damage: Vitamin C protects your body by functioning as an antioxidant and preventing oxygen-based damage to your cells. It acts primarily in cellular fluid, combating free-radical formation caused by pollution and cigarette smoke. It also helps return vitamin E to its active form. Structures that contain fat (like the lipoprotein molecules that carry fat around your body) are particularly dependent on vitamin C for protection. In addition, vitamin C boosts your body's production of glutathione, a powerful antioxidant.
• Lower your cancer risk: Antioxidants such as vitamin C help prevent cancer growth by neutralizing volatile oxygen free radical molecules and preventing damage to your DNA that can lead to cancer. Vitamin C also destabilizes a tumor's ability to grow under oxygen-starved conditions. High vitamin C intakes are correlated with low rates of cancer, particularly cancers of the mouth, larynx, and esophagus.
• Regenerate your vitamin E supplies: Although vitamin E is an antioxidant, it can become oxidized when it interacts with a free radical, therefore creating more oxidative damage. But vitamin C can interact with oxidized vitamin E, reducing free radicals and regenerating the benefits of vitamin E.
• Improve iron and calcium absorption: Vitamin C binds with plant forms of iron, increasing its stability and solubility and helping to transport it to your intestines so it can be absorbed. Non-heme iron combined with ascorbic acid is more readily absorbed through the mucus membranes of your intestines. Calcium also needs an acidic environment for absorption, and the presence of ascorbic acid helps you absorb it.
• Support your immune system: A strong immune system is vital in preventing all kinds of diseases, from the common cold to cancers and cardiovascular diseases. Your immune system relies on a wide variety of mechanisms to help protect your body from infection, including white blood cells, complement proteins, and interferons, and vitamin C is especially important in the function of these immune components. Vitamin C boosts your body's production of gultathione, a powerful antioxidant that also helps create lymphocytes, the cells of your immune system, which keep your body's defenses strong and produce antibodies. Vitamin C protects your phagocytes and T-lymphocytes against free radicals formed during the interaction of these immune system cells with harmful microorganisms. The T-cells and other phagocytes engulf the microorganisms and use oxygen in the form of superoxides to destroy them. These superoxides can be harmful to the phagocytes themselves. Vitamin C protects them against the free radicals and thereby maintains the integrity of these cells. A deficiency of vitamin C hampers this immune function and results in early destruction of the T-cells and phagocytes. Vitamin C decreases the duration of the common cold and helps prevent lung infections.
• Eliminate toxins: Vitamin C is critical during the first phase of your body's detoxification process, which occurs in many types of tissue, but it is especially active in your liver. When your body is exposed to toxins, vitamin C is often required for your body to begin processing the toxins for elimination. Vitamin C boosts your body's production of gultathione, a powerful antioxidant that also helps your liver eliminate toxins.
• Act as an antihistamine: Vitamin C prevents histamine release and increases the detoxification of histamine.