Biochemistry

Yes, albumin is positive to the xanthoproteic test. The xanthoproteic test is used to detect the presence of proteins containing aromatic amino acids, such as albumin, by forming a yellow color when treated with nitric acid.

Out of 23 chromosome pairs one is the 'sex-linked' chromosome pair. The Answer is 1-out-of-23.

Yes, mitotic cell division is responsible for reproduction in some organisms, particularly in asexual reproduction where offspring are produced from a single parent cell through mitosis. Examples of organisms that reproduce through mitosis include some single-celled organisms like bacteria and protists, as well as some plants and invertebrates like hydras.

The apical surface does not have any cell junctions because it is a free surface exposed to things that are not epithelial cells. The lateral surfaces of an epithelial cell, which face the adjacent cells on either side contain tight junctions, adherens junctions, desmosomes and/or gap junctions.

The basal surface of an epithelial cell adhere to extracellular materials like the basement membrane. Hemidesmosomes anchor the epithelium to the basement membrane in the basal surface.

The minimum size of a codon is typically three nucleotides. This is because each codon codes for a specific amino acid in the genetic code. In hypothetical martian life-forms, the codon size would likely be the same to ensure proper translation of genetic information into proteins.

Antidiuretic hormone (ADH), also known as vasopressin, signals the kidneys to reabsorb water back into the bloodstream. This hormone is released by the pituitary gland in response to changes in blood osmolarity, helping to regulate water balance in the body.

Opsonization is the process where complement proteins bind to sugars or proteins on a foreign cell's surface, which marks the cell for destruction by phagocytic cells like macrophages and neutrophils. This process enhances the immune response against the foreign cell, helping to eliminate it from the body.

DNA is double stranded Except in bacteria and some viruses and chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA

The symbol for purines (Guanine / Adenine) is "R" and for pyrimidines (Cytosine / Thymine) is "Y".

Typically with hyperparathyroidism your calcium levels are elevated so your body does not convert vitamin D to the active form of D3. This is a protective measure because more D means more calcium added to an already elevated level. But your body needs adequate D for proper muscle function and metabolism. Hence some of the symptoms of HPT is due to low D, not elevated calcium. Elevated calcium does have symptoms but low D causes the muscle weakness. So what do you do? I think the jury is still out on how to help with some of the symptoms of HPT so surgery is still your only option to get things back to normal. In my opinion, taking D puts you at risk of elevating your calcium to a really dangerous level.

Biochemical macromolecular 'catalysts' are known as Enzymes. Each one is Throughly Specific in its chemical job(s).

The formula for molarity (M) is: moles of solute (in mol) / volume of solution (in liters). It can be written as: M = n/V, where n is the number of moles of solute and V is the volume of the solution in liters.

Chromosomes are structures made of DNA that carry genes. Genes are segments of DNA that contain the instructions for making proteins. DNA is the molecule that carries the genetic information needed for the development, functioning, and reproduction of living organisms.

RNA lacks thymine and instead has uracil as one of its nitrogen bases. The other three nitrogen bases in RNA are adenine, cytosine, and guanine.

Geometrical symmetry influences the overall polarity of a molecule. A symmetrical molecule typically has no overall dipole moment, making it nonpolar, while an asymmetrical molecule will have a dipole moment, making it polar. This polarity affects the molecule's interactions with other molecules and its physical properties.

Benedict's test is considered unreliable because it can give false positive or false negative results. It may not accurately differentiate between reducing sugars and other substances that can also react with the Benedict's reagent, leading to inaccurate conclusions about the presence of sugars in a sample. Additionally, the test may not detect certain types of sugars or may give inconsistent results depending on factors such as temperature and pH.

Secondary enzyme deficiency is caused by factors such as disease, medication, or surgery that disrupt normal enzyme function. These factors can lead to a reduction in the production or activity of enzymes, resulting in deficiency and impaired biochemical reactions in the body.

Primary enzyme deficiencies are typically caused by genetic mutations that affect the production or function of a specific enzyme in the body. These mutations can disrupt the normal metabolic processes that rely on the affected enzyme, leading to a deficiency in its activity and subsequent symptoms or health problems.

The two forms of a gene, one from each parent, are distributed to offspring during meiosis when sex cells are formed. Each parent contributes one allele of a gene to the offspring, determining the genetic make-up and traits of the offspring.

You have about 25 trillions of RBC in your blood. They do not have nucleus in them and so no DNA. WBC has a nucleus and contains the DNA.

No, fatty acid synthesis takes place in the cytoplasm of the cell, not in the mitochondria. Mitochondria are primarily involved in producing energy through processes such as the citric acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation.

The Golgi complex packs proteins and other materials into membrane-bound sacs called vesicles. These vesicles transport the molecules to their final destinations within the cell or outside of the cell.

Cytochrome is not a coenzyme, but rather a type of heme-containing protein that plays a critical role in electron transport in cells. It acts as a carrier of electrons in the respiratory chain.

Non-hormonal forms of contraception include barrier methods such as condoms, diaphragms, and cervical caps. Intrauterine devices (IUDs) such as the copper IUD are also hormone-free. Other non-hormonal options include fertility awareness methods and sterilization procedures like tubal ligation or vasectomy.