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Ancient Rome
Ancient Rome was a civilization that started as a small community in the Italian Peninsula around 10th century BC. Located in the city of Rome, it became one of the largest and most powerful empires of the ancient world.
6,726 Questions
Why was Stoics important to ancient Rome history?
Stoicism was not the most influential philosophical school only among the Romans. It was so among the Greeks as well. Stoicism became the foremost philosophy among the Greek educated elite in the Hellenistic world, which stretched from mainland Greece to Syria and Egypt. The Romans conquered the whole of this world. The Roman educated elite were deeply influenced by Hellenistic culture and looked up to it. Their education was in Greek as well as Latin and they were fluent in Greek. The pinnacle of their education was a stay in Greece to study Greek philosophy. Therefore, it is not surprising that stoicism was taken up by many members of the Roman elite. Epicureanism was another school Greek philosophy which was around in the Hellenistic world. It gained popularity among the Roman elite as well, though not as much as stoicism.
Roman educated men, just like Greek educated men, were attracted stoicism because it was a powerful philosophy. It advocated the pursuit of happiness, freedom form suffering and a righteous life, maintained that ethics was the main focus of human knowledge and aimed at improving the individual's ethical and moral well-being. In this respect it make up for the lack of ethical values in both Greek and Roman religion.
As Bertrand Russell put it, in stoicism "virtue consists in a will that is in agreement with Nature … [and] "to be free from anger, envy, and jealousy" in interpersonal relationships. Stoicism also aimed being free from passion. However, the word passion had a different meaning back then. It meant anguish or suffering which came from passively reacting to external events. Wisdom was required to be free from suffering, to attain eupatheia; that is, feelings that result from correct judgment in the same way as passions (suffering) result from incorrect judgment. Freedom for suffering came through apatheia or peace of mind (literally, 'without passion'). To the ancient Greeks apatheia meant being objective or having "clear judgment" and the maintenance of equanimity in the face of life's highs and lows. Therefore, apatheia required the use of reason and reason was to be developed through the exercise of logic. However, reason went beyond logic. It was not just the exercise of the intellect as it is understood today. Reason also meant understanding the processes of nature. To the stoics living according to reason meant living in harmony with the divine order of the universe and in oneness with nature, which were the source of reason in human beings and apatheia (peace of mind and freedom for suffering) and happiness. Unhappiness and evil are the results of human ignorance of the reason in nature. Being unkind or acting unethically were reflections of this ignorance.
The stoics also believed in four cardinal virtues: wisdom, courage, justice, and temperance. More generally, virtue meant amend one's will to be in agreement, harmony and oneness with nature. In this way one exercises one's will in autonomy ether than reacting passively to external events. As Epictetus put it, a virtuous man is "sick and yet happy, in peril and yet happy, dying and yet happy, in exile and happy, in disgrace and happy." A man of virtue makes honourable moral choices. Stoicism was a philosophy of life which was to be actively pursued through of constant practice. Its spiritual practices comprised logic, Socratic dialog and self-dialog, contemplation of death, training attention to remain in the present moment (that is, meditation), and daily reflection on everyday problems and possible solutions.
Stoicism was cosmopolitanism and egalitarian. All human beings were manifestations of the universal spirit.
There should be brotherly love and mutual help. Wealth and social ranks did not matter and all human beings were equal.
Why were Rome's laws originally placed on public display?
They were supposed to help protect Romans from unfair treatmeant
The Greek scholars fled to Italy, where an interest in Greek learning had been stimulated by Greek scholars who had already settled there and had generated an interest in the ancient Greeks as well as the Romans among Italian humanists, which then became a feature of the Italian Renaissance. Ancient Greek manuscripts had been lost in Western Europe and Byzantine scholarship only became fully available in the west after the Council of Florence of 1438-39, which the Byzantine emperor attended to discuss a union of the Orthodox and Catholic churches. Some Greek scholars settled in Italy around this time and were later joined by learned Greek refugees. Gemistus Pletho lectured in Florence on the difference between Plato and Aristotle and reintroduced Plato to Western Europe. His lectures inspired Cosimo de' Medici to found the Accademia Platonica in Florence. George of Trebizon was summoned to Venice in 1430 or 1438. Theodorus Gaza he became professor of Greek in the newly founded University of Ferrara in 1447. Basilios Bessarion settled in Rome in 1438 and his residence became a centre for the study of humanism and and Greek learning. It also acted as a centre for Greek scholars and refugees. He supported the commissioning of translations of Greek manuscripts into Latin.
They fled to Italy.
What ancient Roman emperor renamed Judea to Syria Palestine?
Yes, Hadrian renamed Judea "Syria Palaestina." He did so after he suppressed the Bar Kokhba revolt (132-136) as a damnatio memoriae; that is, he wanted to erase the memory of the name Judea. He used Syria as part of the new name because Judea was a satellite province of the province of Syria. Palaestina was an Latin adaptation of the Greek word Palaistíne, which meant Philistia (land of the Philistines) and the surrounding region.
How did the ancient roman civilization go from a monarchy to a republic?
Ancient Greece became part of the Roman republic by conquest.
Ancient Greece became part of the Roman republic by conquest.
Ancient Greece became part of the Roman republic by conquest.
Ancient Greece became part of the Roman republic by conquest.
Ancient Greece became part of the Roman republic by conquest.
Ancient Greece became part of the Roman republic by conquest.
Ancient Greece became part of the Roman republic by conquest.
Ancient Greece became part of the Roman republic by conquest.
Ancient Greece became part of the Roman republic by conquest.
The wealthiest classes of rome wanted their children exposed to greek studies expecially rhetoric?
philosophy
Yes, Roman women could both buy and sell slaves.
Yes, Roman women could both buy and sell slaves.
Yes, Roman women could both buy and sell slaves.
Yes, Roman women could both buy and sell slaves.
Yes, Roman women could both buy and sell slaves.
Yes, Roman women could both buy and sell slaves.
Yes, Roman women could both buy and sell slaves.
Yes, Roman women could both buy and sell slaves.
Yes, Roman women could both buy and sell slaves.
If not for Julius Caesar would the Roman Republic have given way to the Roman Empire?
Okay, your question needs a twofold answer. First of all the Roman republic and the Roman empire were different entities. The Republic was/is a form of government; an empire is a large holding of some sort. The two are not identical. And no, Julius Caesar did not bring down the Roman republic. The republic had been dying or even considered dead since at least the time of the first triumvirate. Caesar merely was fortunate enough to take advantage of the opportunities that opened up for him.
Is there a leader of Ancient Rome's government?
Ancient Rome had three types of leaders. In the time of the Roman Kingdom, it had a King; in the time of the Roman Republic, it had two Consuls for the majority of the time, and a Dictator in times of emergency; and in the time of the Roman Empire, it had figures now generally referred to as 'emperors', who held various titles (i.e. Augustus and Princeps).
The forum was a very important part of Pompeii. Being a large open space (143 metres long and 38 metres wide), paved with stone, it was the civic centre of Pompeii, and supported buildings for business, religion, and the local government. Within it, there were statues of the emperor and his family, as well as statues of some notable citizens of Pompeii.
Some of the buildings in the forum were offices, baths, and temples (Jupiter in the North, Apollo in the South, and Venus southwest of the Basilica). The Basilica was used as a court building, as well as a meeting place for businessmen. There was also a 'Meeting Hall of the Cloth Merchants'.
Information was distributed in the forum in several ways. There was a tribunal, which was a speaker's platform, where important speeches and announcements were made. There were also public bulletin boards in the forum and outside buildings. Another way that information was distributed was by people casually scribbling on walls.
The forum was basically the epicenter of business life and social life in Pompeii. It was crucial to the success of the city.
What did Julius Caeser believe?
Initially he believed that Rome should be a Republic. However, as time and fame came, he changed this to the belief that he should rule Rome as a dictator, a change in belief that cost him his life. Julius Caesar believed that Rome was destined to rule the world. He believed that he was descended from Venus.
When did people first settle in Rome?
It is not known with precision. There is evidence of human presence in the area which goes back to 14,000 years ago, that is around 12,000 BC.
Rome was said to have been founded in 753 BC. The founding of Rome does not refer to the building of the city. It refers to the creation the Roman state. Romulus did not build Rome. Romulus unified the peoples who lived on the settlements of the hills which were to become the Seven Hills of Rome under his rule. Collectively, these settlements became Rome. Romulus was the first king of Rome as well as the founder of the city.
What duties did roman citizens have?
Thepercentage of what roman citizens where poor by the laws of the rights dat da enemys wouldn't get which the Romans had such as Freedom
Why did the Romans use the cross for executions?
Crucifixion is a particularly painful and gruesome method of execution -- the pain continues over an extended time. It was intended to terrorize and dissuade those who saw it from engaging in the same behavior.
What is the difference between Greek Democracy and the Republic of Rome?
First of all, we should note that only Athens and a few other city-states were ever democracies. The vast majority of Ancient Greece was ruled by monarchies or oligarchies and not by elections. However, the difference between Athenian democracy and the Roman Republic was that, in the former, all of the citizens voted on policies, whereas in the latter, only elected representatives voted on policies. (The difference was between direct democracy and representative democracy.)
What kinds of laws did ancient Rome have?
Ancient Rome's laws are very similar to the ones we have today. The rules were all put in the Twelve Tables. The subjects were courts and trials, debts, rights of fathers over the family, legal guardianship and inheritance, buying and owning things, rights to land, laws about injuring others, public laws, sacred laws, and Supplements I & II.
How did the ancient Romans eat more than their stomachs could hold at feasts?
The ancient Romans ate more than their stomachs could hold at feasts by vomiting every so often. They went to a room called a vomitorium and threw up. They used a stick with a feather on the end to tickle their tonsils and vomited into a bowl. When their stomach was empty they went back to the feast and ate more.
There is a common misconception that ancient Romans designated spaces called vomitoria for the purpose of actual vomiting, as part of a binge and purgecycle.[2] According to Cicero, Julius Caesar escaped an assassination attempt because he felt ill after dinner. Instead of going to the latrine, where his assassins were waiting, he went to his bedroom and avoided assassination.[3] This may be the origin of the misconception.
Rome had three forms of government over the 1,200 years of her history: a monarchy for 244 years, a republic for 482 years and rule by emperors for 506 years. The monarchy was not a democracy. The emperors were absolute rulers. During the period of the Roman republic there was a degree of direct democracy. Today' s democracy is called indirect democracy because the people elect representatives who votes on laws. In the Roman Republic, instead, the people voted on laws themselves (directly). They did so by gathering in popular assemblies to vote. The people also elected the officers of state (the consuls, praetors, censors, curule aediels and quaestors). However, it cannot be said that the Roman Republic was a true democracy. The voting structure of the popular assembly was stacked heavily in favour of the rich. The most powerful political body was the unelected senate which was dominated by the aristocracy and the rich entrepreneurs. Almost all the policy decisions passed through the senate. Therefore, the Roman Republic is usually seen as an oligarchy, rather than a true democracy.
Why didn't the Romans need many machines?
The Romans did need machines. They did not invent the two most important ones, the ballista (a crossbow -like catapult) and the crane because they adopted them from the Greeks. They developed them further, massively improving them. They invented the onager, a one armed torsion catapult which could fire bigger round projectiles
What was the purpose of the Roman catapult?
- Fighting a War
- A costume party (dressed as a medieval soldier with the horse in tow)
- Launching water balloons
- Throwing dead animals into castles (or houses as the case may be)
- Launching aircraft
- Batting cages
- Tennis courts
- Launching yourself (check out the links page to see someone who did just that!)
- Breaking your neighbor's windows
- Playing catch with your dog (even when you don't want to!)
- Throwing tennis balls into a drain (check the pictures)
- Canvas for impressionistic art describing Mrs. Balga's science class
- Shooting rockets
- Pigs in SPACE!
- Sending tennis balls into the air for science projects
Is America following the same path of Ancient Rome?
Yes US is following in the footsteps of ancient Rome because Rome had government called tripartite, and it has magistrates, Senates, and last part was splited in to two branches, which is Tribunes, and Assemblies. Magistrate were highest ones of wealthy family, or patricians, and the two most powerful magistrates were called consuls, consuls had power to control military servises, Magistrates, and including consuls ran office for an year, which means selected each year. Senates were councils of wealthy people, and unlike to magistrates, they held life for a life, and they were born for advise the magistrates. When the Republic was just born, or created in the Rome, there were 300 Roman senators. Last branches was Assemblies, and Tribunes. Those two office was unlike to other office they were held by both patricians, and plebians, or common people. Assemblies held office for an life. Their job was to elect the magistrates. Tribunes had ablity to vito, or provide, and forbid in "Latin", or Roman language.
