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Atomic Bombs
Atomic bomb is an explosive device in which a large amount of energy is released through nuclear reactions. This makes an atomic bomb, more properly called a nuclear weapon, a much more powerful device than any conventional bomb containing chemical explosives. The first Atomic Bombs were used during World War 2 in 1945 by the US onto 2 Japanese cities.
2,042 Questions
What did the dropping if the atomic bomb in ww2 have to do with the cold war?
Some military analysts insist that Japan was on its knees and the bombings were simply unnecessary. The American government was accused of racism on the grounds that such a device would never have been used against white civilians.
On August 6, the city of Hiroshima, Japan remembers those who lost their lives when the atomic bomb fell. Thousands attend the Hiroshima Peace Memorial Ceremony annually.
Other critics argued that American diplomats had ulterior motives. The Soviet Union had entered the war against Japan, and the atomic bomb could be read as a strong message for the Soviets to tread lightly. In this respect, Hiroshima and Nagasaki may have been the first shots of the Cold War as well as the final shots of World War II.
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How do you explain to a 8 year old about hydrogen and atomic bombs?
Hydrogen bombs are caused by atoms fusing together--fusion. Each fusion releases energy. When enough atoms get fused, it causes a big explosion--big enough to wipe out a city.
Atomic bombs can also be caused by fission--atoms splitting apart. Each split atom releases energy. If enough atoms get split up the energy released can wipe out cities such as Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
Why was George c Marshall apart of the the atomic bombing of japan?
GENERAL GEORGE C. MARSHALL and the ATOMIC BOMBING OF JAPAN
General George C. Marshall was the U.S. Army Chief of Staff during WWII, the highest ranking U.S. Army officer. He had known of the atomic bomb project at least as far back as Oct. 1941, when he was appointed to the small group which would oversee the project, the Top Policy Group.
In 1942 the a-bomb project was turned over to the Army and became the Manhattan Project. It now fell under Marshall's chain of command as Army Chief of Staff. But his role in the atomic bomb project and the atomic bombing of Japan was largely indirect. He delegated most of the work to the general in charge of the Manhattan Project, Leslie Groves, and he deferred to civilians on decision-making.
For his part Marshall, along with Sec. of War Henry Stimson, obtained the enormous amounts of money necessary for the secret project. This was no easy task, since Congress could be told little about where the money was going.
Marshall's main task in 1945 was to prepare for a possible invasion of mainland Japan, scheduled to begin that year on Nov. 1st. He felt the decision to use the atomic bomb - to introduce a new and more dangerous level of warfare to the world - was a political rather than military decision. Assistant Sec. of War John McCloy recalled:
"[Marshall's] insistence to me that whether we should drop an atomic bomb on Japan was a matter for the President to decide, not the Chief of Staff since it was not a military question... the question of whether we should drop this new bomb on Japan, in his judgment, involved such imponderable considerations as to remove it from the field of a military decision." (quoted in Gar Alperovitz, The Decision To Use the Atomic Bomb, pg. 364).
McCloy said Marshall told him, "Don't ask me to make the decision." (Forrest C. Pogue, George C. Marshall: Statesman 1945-1959, pg. 550, note 30).
But Marshall had been thinking about the atomic bomb. He didn't press his ideas, probably because he felt this was more of a political matter than a military matter. Here are some of Marshall's ideas, documented at the time:
The minutes from a May 29, 1945 meeting of Marshall with Sec. of War Stimson and Assistant Sec. of War McCloy note that "General Marshall said he thought these weapons [atomic bombs] might first be used against straight military objectives such as a large naval installation and then if no complete result was derived from the effect of that, he thought we ought to designate a number of large manufacturing areas from which the people would be warned to leave - telling the Japanese that we intended to destroy such centers. There would be no individual designations so that the Japs [sic] would not know exactly where we were to hit - a number should be named and the hit should follow shortly after. Every effort should be made to keep our record of warning clear. We must offset by such warning methods the opprobrium which might follow from an ill considered employment of such force." (RG 107, Formerly Top Secret Correspondence of Sec. of War Stimson ("Safe File") 7/40 - 9/45, S-1 folder, Memorandum of Conversation With General Marshall, May 29, 1945 - 11:45 a.m., National Archives).
At a May 31, 1945 Interim Committee discussion of the atomic bomb, scientist and Manhattan Project administrator Arthur Compton was present. He recalled, "General Marshall stated that from the point of view of the postwar safety of the nation he would have to argue against the use of the bomb in World War II, at least if its existence could be kept secret. Such use, he said, would show our hand. We would be in a stronger position with regard to future military action if we did not show the power we held." (Arthur Holly Compton, Atomic Quest, pg. 237). Scientists at the meeting then explained that the scientific knowledge was already too widely known to keep the a-bomb a secret. (Microfilm 1108, RG 77, Harrison-Bundy Files, file 100, Notes of the Interim Committee Meeting, Thursday, 31 May 1945, National Archives).
Later at the May 31 meeting, Marshall supported J. Robert Oppenheimer's suggestion that we tell Russia we were working on the atomic bomb. The meeting notes show that Marshall also "raised the question whether it might be desirable to invite two prominent Russian scientists to witness the test." Any approach to Russia was quickly vetoed at the meeting by soon-to-be Sec. of State James Byrnes. Byrnes feared Stalin would ask to become a partner in the a-bomb project, causing us to lose our lead over Russia in nuclear weapons. (Ibid.).
Arthur Compton later wrote, "At this meeting... Marshall was careful to avoid any statement that might prejudice the thinking of the civilian committee." (Compton, Atomic Quest, pg. 238). Marshall went along with the Interim Committee's recommendation to use the atomic bomb on Japan.
There is no evidence from this point on that Marshall objected to the use of the atomic bomb on Japan. After WWII, Marshall was a staunch defender of the atomic bombings (Larry I. Bland, editor, George C. Marshall: Interviews and Reminiscences for Forrest C. Pogue).
But Marshall probably did not think the atomic bombs would end the war. After a talk with Marshall about the atomic bomb on June 12, 1947, Atomic Energy Commission Chairman David Lilienthal quoted Marshall in his diary as saying:
"There is one point that was missed, and that, frankly, we missed in making our plans. That was the effect the bomb would have in so shocking the Japanese that they could surrender without losing face. ...we didn't realize its value to give the Japanese such a shock that they could surrender without complete loss of face." (David E. Lilienthal, The Journals of David E. Lilienthal, Volume Two: The Atomic Energy Years, 1945-1950, pg. 198).
Though the a-bomb might not end the war quickly, Marshall felt the atomic bomb could be useful in his primary area of responsibility, the proposed invasion of the Japanese mainland.
On Aug. 13, after two a-bombings had failed to bring surrender from Japan, one of Marshall's assistants, Lt. Gen. John Hull, telephoned one of Gen. Groves' assistants, Col. L.E. Seeman. Hull said Marshall felt we should consider holding off on further atomic bombings so as to save the a-bombs for tactical use as part of the November invasion. (Marc Gallicchio, After Nagasaki: General Marshall's Plan for Tactical Nuclear Weapons in Japan, Prologue, Winter 1991).
In 1957, Marshall gave some details of his invasion plans for the atomic bomb:
"There were three corps to come in there [to invade Japan], as I recall. ...there were to be three bombs for each corps that was landing. One or two, but probably one, as a preliminary, then this landing, then another one further inland against the immediate supports, and then the third against any troops that might try to come through the mountains from up on the Inland Sea. That was the rough idea in our minds." (Bland, George C. Marshall: Interviews and Reminiscences for Forrest C. Pogue, pg. 424).
It was characteristic of Marshall that while others were celebrating the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, Gen. Groves recalled that "General Marshall expressed his feeling that we should guard against too much gratification over our success, because it undoubtedly involved a large number of Japanese casualties." (Leslie Groves, Now It Can Be Told, pg. 324).
What is the name of the aircraft carrier that dropped the first atomic bomb?
No aircraft carrier was involved.
The B-29's that dropped the atomic bombs on Japan were based on the island of Tinian.
What medicine to have in case of nuclear bomb attack?
There is no medicine that can protect you from nuclear weapons in any way, all of the direct effects can be fatal and the damage is not reversible. However one indirect delayed effect can be prevented: if you are far enough away at the time of the attack so that none of the direct effects have caused you injury, iodine-131 in the fallout is easily ingested and will be concentrated in the thyroid gland and its radiation will kill the thyroid. So keeping potassium iodide tablets and taking enough of them after the attack but before fallout arrives to "overdose" the thyroid on iodine will prevent it from taking up any of the iodine-131 from the fallout.
But this only protects the thyroid, fallout can also hurt you in many other ways that no medication can treat. Including radiation poisoning, skin burns that do not heal and become bleeding ulcers, etc.
Was the atomic bomb necessary?
i think it WASN'T necessary if these war equipments were never invented well then war wouldn't be so dreadful. i know even if they wern't invented there would still be fights but they would never have been as deadly.the atomic bomb espesilly has killed many inisent people however i know there would have been some bad people they killed but its like saying im going to kill your family and pets because of your father...stupid crap! xx
How did the atomic bomb Hiroshima shorten the war?
At the end of World War II, few questioned Truman's decision to drop the atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. Most Americans accepted the obvious reasoning: the atomic bombings brought the war to a more timely end. They did not have a problem with over one hundred thousand of the enemy being killed. After all, the Japanese attacked America, and not the other way around. In later years, however, many have begun to question the conventional wisdom of "Truman was saving lives," putting forth theories of their own. However, when one examines the issue with great attention to the results of the atomic bombings and compares these results with possible alternatives to using said bombs, the line between truth and fiction begins to clear. Truman's decision to use the atomic bomb on Japan was for the purpose of saving lives and ending the war quickly in order to prevent a disastrous land invasion.
How did the Manhattan Project happen?
A couple of prominent physicists wrote up a warning letter, had it signed by Albert Einstein, and had it delivered to US president Franklin D. Roosevelt, urgently warning of the potential development of a new type of extremely powerful bombs, in August of 1939.
In June of 1941, the Office of Scientific Research and Development was created by FDR's Executive Order 8807. They were authorized to engage in research and establish large engineering projects.
In October, FDR approved the atomic program and got in touch with England's Prime Minister Winston Churchill, recommending correspondence in matters atomic, and project sites were established in the US & Canada.
Why did the United states decided to use atomic bombs on Japan?
Because those dirty Japs were killing Americans so we nuked them back to the stone age.
Who invented the atomic bomb in Los Alamos?
Nobody, the basic invention of the neutron chain reactionwhich makes both atomic bombs and reactors possible was invented in 1933 by Leo Szilard while in London England. He applied for a patent on it in 1934, which was granted in 1936. However at that time no material was known that could support a neutron chain reaction.
A joint German/Swedish team discovered (without knowing of Leo Szilard's patent, which the British Navy had classified as soon as the patent was granted) that the element uranium-235 would undergo fission when struck by a neutron and also produce several neutrons. From this they independently invented the neutron chain reaction using uranium-235. At this point any physicist could see the basic principles for making atomic bombs.
However it still took many small inventions by many of the scientists and engineers working at Los Alamos to make practical and deliverable atomic bombs that could be used as weapons. As well as many more inventions needed to build and operate the uranium enrichment plants at Oak Ridge, TN and the plutonium production reactors and chemical purification plants at Hanford, WA.
Again, no single person at Los Alamos or anywhere else was responsible for inventing the atomic bombs designed and manufactured by the Manhattan Project. It was a task spread across the entire US, from coast to coast.
What are 3 ways people are killed by atomic bombs?
blast, thermal and radiation :) i remember from highschool
When and where were the first atomic bombs used on Japan?
Where: Two bombs were used, over the cities of Hiroshima, and Nagasaki.
When: Both bombs were detonated in 1945, near the end of World War II.
Why is the atomic bomb is great for a good tan?
A wise man once said "It is better to be thought of as a fool than to open ones mouth and remove all doubt."
What was the name of the second bomb and which city was it dropped on?
The second bomb was called Little Boy and it was dropped on Nagasaki.
What does john mcCLOY have to say about the US dropping the atomic bomb on Japan?
The minutes from a May 29, 1945 meeting of Marshall with Sec. of War Stimson and Assistant Sec. of War McCloy note that "General Marshall said he thought these weapons might first be used against straight military objectives such as a large naval installation and then if no complete result was derived from the effect of that, he thought we ought to designate a number of large manufacturing areas from which the people would be warned to leave - telling the Japanese that we intended to destroy such centers.
Where do they build atomic bombs in the us?
Nuclear weapons in the US are all refurbished at PANTEX just east of Amarillo, TX. No new nuclear weapons are built at this time by the US.
What was the team called who invented the atomic bomb?
The atomic bomb was not invented by a team, it was invented by Leo Szilard in 1933 while crossing a London street.
However it took a team to build the first ones, that was called the Manhattan Engineering District.
Atomic bombs were dropped on the japanese cities of Nagasaki and tokyo?
Those bombs were dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki on the 6 and 9 1945.
Is there a building that is still standing in hiroshima from the atomic bomb?
In Hiroshima, a small community of Jesuit Fathers lived in a church house near the parish church, situated only eight blocks from the center of the bomb blast. When Hiroshima was destroyed by the atomic bomb,
all eight members of the small Jesuit community escaped unscathed, while every other person who was within a radius of roughly one and a half kilometers from the center of the explosion died immediately. The church house where the Jesuits lived was still standing, while the buildings in every direction from it were leveled.
What was the airplane's name that carried the first atomic bomb?
The airplane that carried the first atomic bomb was named Enola Gay. Enola Gay was a B-29 Superfortress flown by Colonel Paul Tibbets. The second bomb was dropped by another B-29 called Bockscar flown by Major Charles W. Sweeney.
What are the Pros on bomb on herioshima?
Many people would agree that the only pro of dropping the bomb on Hiroshima was that it ended the war. Thirty percent of the population of Hiroshima were killed by the bombing.
What is the history of the secret city Oak Ridge Tennessee?
Oak Ridge, Tennessee was established as the production site for the Manhattan Project that developed the atomic bomb during World War II. Oak Ridge's nicknames include the Secret City.
