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C Programming
Questions related to the C Computer Programming Language. This ranges all the way from K&R to the most recent ANSI incarnations. C has become one of the most popular languages today, and has been used to write all sorts of things for nearly all of the modern operating systems and applications. It it a good compromise between speed, power, and complexity.
9,649 Questions
What kind of Loop pedal does Liam Finn use?
Contrary to Wikipedia stating it's a Line 6 JM4 Looper, Liam actually uses a Line 6 DL4 Delay. Evidence: http://www.flickr.com/photos/wamcroundtable/5877120578/in/photostream/
Defult function in c language is?
Default functions are pre defined functions.
Eg. printf();
scanf();
getch();
clrscr();
etc..
Actually, no-one uses the term 'default function'. (Let alone 'defult function'.)
Another answer: Perhaps it is 'main' what you meant.
What are the different storage class in c?
The four storage classes in C are: automatic, static, external and register. Note that storage classes are not classes in the object-oriented programming sense, they simply define the scope (visibility) of a variable.
Automatic Variables (auto)
All local variables are automatic by default so we seldom see the auto keyword in code. Local variables are variables declared at function scope.
Static Variables (static)
All global variables are static by default. Global variables are variables declared at file scope (outside of any function). Static variables can also be explicitly declared inside functions to override the default automatic storage class. All static variables, whether global or local, are allocated within the program's data segment (static memory) and do not fall from scope even if declared locally. All static variables are initialised to zero by default.
It's best to avoid the use of global variables unless they are declared constant (const) as it can be difficult to keep track of all the places where a global variable is being operated upon (accessed or assigned to). This can lead to data races in multi-threaded applications unless we take steps to synchronise all access and assignment operations upon the variable. For that reason it's best to keep variables as localised as possible, passing arguments into functions whenever we need to cross scopes. Non-constant global variables should really only be considered if they truly represent a global concept within the file in which they are declared.
External Variables (extern)
External storage can only be applied to a global variable declared outwith file scope. That is, when a global variable is declared in one file, any external file can gain access to that same global variable simply by declaring the same name and type but with external storage. It follows that external variables are also static variables and is the only case where a variable has two storage classes. Note the local static variables (including local constant variables) cannot be declared external, they are local to the function in which they are declared.
This is another reason why it is best to avoid using too many global variables. While we can generally keep track of which code can access a global variable at file scope we have no means of limiting access from outwith that file. Again, prefer local variables to global variables whenever possible.
Register Variables (register)
A register variable is a variable that we wish to allocate to a CPU register rather than in RAM. Register variables must be no larger than the word-length of the machine and should only be used when we explicitly require fast access to the variable, such as loop counters, accumulators and pointer variables. Note that CPU registers have no address (no identity we can refer to) so we cannot use the unary '&' operator to take the address of a register variable. This means we cannot use pointers to refer to them indirectly which, in turn, means we can only pass them to functions by value (not by reference). However, to do so would defeat the purpose of using the register storage class.
Given the limited number of registers available, there is no guarantee that a register variable will actually be allocated to a register; the register keyword is merely a hint to the compiler. It should be noted that modern compilers are extremely good at optimising code so there is seldom any need to explicitly declare register variables.
Why should a function or a variable be declared before its first use?
It is somewhat syntax of programming. But when program runs,device known as pre-processor process statements before main function. So when we use that function inside main function it will get idea and run directly without showing any error.
So for compilers simplicity and fast execution purpose it is necessary to declare function before its use.
What is the use of matrix in data structures?
Nothing, but a two dimensional array can be used to represent a matrix.
Write a C statement that uses the manipulator setfill to output containing 35 stars?
(don't forget to include) #include <iomanip>
cout << setfill('*') < <setw(35) << '*' <<endl;
What are the disadvantages of procedure oriented programming in c plus plus?
There are no any disadvantages of procedure oriented programming in C++. You can use it as well as object oriented programming, generic programming or any other paradigm. Just remember that this way you won't be using many helpful features of that language.
Is it true that the transpose of the transpose of a matrix is the original matrix?
yes,
it is true that the transpose of the transpose of a matrix is the original matrix
What has the author C N Vakil written?
C. N. Vakil has written:
'The future of the rupee' -- subject(s): Currency question
'Poverty and planning' -- subject(s): Economic policy, Economic conditions
'Economic relations between India and Pakistan' -- subject(s): Foreign economic relations
'Deficit financing and inflation' -- subject(s): Inflation (Finance), Deficit financing
'Industrial development of India: policy and problems' -- subject(s): Industrial policy
'Growth of trade and industry in modern India' -- subject(s): Industries, Commerce
'Planning for a shortage economy' -- subject(s): Economic policy
'Government and the governed' -- subject(s): Social conditions, Social surveys
'Financial developments in modern India, 1860-1924' -- subject(s): Finance, Finance, Public, History, Public Finance, Taxation
'Poverty, planning, and inflation' -- subject(s): Economic policy, Economic conditions
'Finance under provincial autonomy' -- subject(s): Taxation, Finance
'Economic outlook in federal India' -- subject(s): Politics and government, Economic conditions
How do you write an algorithm to swap the values of x and y using a temporary variable t?
To swap the values of two variables, x and y, using a temporary variable t:
t = x;
x = y;
y = t;
To implement this algorithm as a function, the variables must be passed by reference. For efficiency, particularly with large or complex objects that are expensive to copy, use move semantics. The C++ standard library provides the following implementation (since C++11):
namespace std {
template<typename T>
void swap (T&& x, T&& y) {
T t = std::move (x);
x = std::move (y);
y = std::move (t);
}
};
The C++ standard library swap function (std::swap) uses the above implementation (since C++11). If a type does not support the move semantic, copy semantics will be used instead.
How do you increase the stack size of cc1plus dot exe for GCC 4 5 2 so it doesn't stack overflow?
If a stack is overflowing then there is usually some fundamental flaw in the program design. The best solution is to redesign the program. That said, one possible workaround might be to turn off optimisations with QMAKE_CXXFLAGS += -O0. However, it's far better to understand exactly why the stack is overflowing in the first place, and redesign the code to ensure it never happens. If you genuinely need a larger stack, then you can alter it programmatically using setrlimit.
Is c is middle level language justify your answer?
No, there is no such thing as 'middle level language'. C is high level language, and it is no way similar to Assembly language.
How do you motivate your class?
As a current student, be goofy and crazy. Gaining their attention is key for interest. As a teacher if you can capture the interest in a student it will be easier to motivate a him or her.
If this does not help, ask your class or classes yourself how class can be more interesting and intriguing.
int comp(const int a1[], const int a2[], const int size) {
int i;
for(i = 0; i < size; ++i) {
if(a1[i] != a2[i]) {
return 0;
}
}
return 1;
}
Representation of stack data structure in c plus plus?
Stack is an abstract data type that allows you to input and output data in a way that the first data which was placed in the stack will be the last one to get out. We use physical examples of stack in our daily lives such as the stack of dishes or stack of coins where you only add or remove objects from the top of the stack.
You can see the implementation in c++ in related links, below.
What is the difference between do while and while loop in java?
A do-while loop guarantees the body of the loop will execute at least once. A while loop might not execute at all.
// this code will execute, even though the condition test will always evaluate to false
do {
// stuff
}while(false);
// this code will never execute because the condition test will always evaluate to false
while(false) {
// stuff
}
How many commands are there in c language?
None. You are probably referring to keywords but keywords are not commands. In computing, a command is something that executes machine code in a timely manner (i.e., as immediately as possible). C keywords do not execute any code because the keywords are not immediately executable. In order to execute C code it must first be compiled and then linked, at which point it is no longer C, it is native machine code, and that machine code executes completely independently of the source code. The C compiler can also output an assembly source which allows us to view the machine code in a more user-friendly manner. Again, assembly is non-executable so there are no commands; we must assemble the source to create the native executable code, the only language the machine actually understands.
All C keywords are built-in identifiers that have special significance to the language itself. User-defined identifiers also have significance but, unlike keywords, we must declare their significance in terms of the language before we can actually use them in our code. By contrast, built-in identifiers do not need to be declared before we use them because the compiler already knows what they represent (hence they are built-in).
Many C keywords represent built-in data types, type modifiers, type information (operators) and storage classes:
bool, char, const, double, enum, float, int, long, short, signed, sizeof(), static, struct, typedef, unsigned, void
The remainder represent high-level control flow constructs:
break, case, continue, default, do, else, for, goto, if, return, static, switch, while
C also supports preprocessor directives and one preprocessor operator which are not part of the language itself, but are used specifically by the C preprocessor in order to generate C code for the compiler as part of the compilation process. Given that the compiler never actually sees them, they are not keywords, however they are included here for the sake of completeness.
#define, defined(), #elif, #else, #endif, #error, #if, #ifdef, #ifndef, #include, #pragma, #undef
How c is a general purpose programming language?
C can be used to write a wide variety of programs including video games, data-driven applications, graphics and drawing software, amongst many others. It is not a problem-oriented programming language, such as those written specifically to deal with artificial intelligence, but you could use it to write one, just as C was used to write C++, its successor and yet another general purpose language.
What is the correct data type of an accumulator variable used to store real estate sales total?
To ensure 100% accuracy, I would use an integer type rather than a floating point type and convert from pence to pounds on the fly if necessary. If you're only interested in whole pounds then an integer is still the way to go (increasing your range by 100 fold). The only issue then is how large a value you need to store in the accumulator. An unsigned 32-bit accumulator can accommodate a running total of up to 4,294,967,295, which converts to £42,949,672.95 or £4,294,967,295 in whole pounds, while an unsigned 64-bit accumulator can accommodate a total of 18,446,744,073,709,551,616, which converts to £184,467,440,737,095,516.16 or £18,446,744,073,709,551,616 in whole pounds. Personally, I'd go with the unsigned 64-bit integer just to err on the side of caution.
Although it's unlikely in this case, should you require negative values, a signed 64-bit integer has a range of 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 to -9,223,372,036,854,775,808.
Note that floating point numbers may incur errors due to rounding. Although such errors may be unlikely in this case, since you are only dealing with 2 decimal places at most, whole numbers are guaranteed to be 100% accurate.
Where is timing pointer for 93 f-150 5.0?
Ford 5.0L V-8s have the timing pointer at the bottom of the timing cover on the vehicle's right side of the harmonic balancer. Look behind the crankshaft pulley (the biggest one, it's at the bottom in the center of the engine). This is bolted to front of the balancer.
Who is considered an operator under CVOR?
A CVOR operator or carrier is the person responsible for the operation of a commercial motor vehicle. The carrier does not necessarily have to be the vehicle owner, but must hold a valid CVOR even when using vehicles that are leased or contracted. Operators are responsible for all the drivers and vehicles in their operation.
How you can interchange two integer values using swap variable in c language?
t = a; a = b; b = t; // t is a third integer variable (swap variable)
But here's a way without a swap variable, given as as a macro in C:
#define SWAP(a,b) { if (a!=b) { a^=b; b^=a; a^=b; }} // Swap macro by XOR
Once you define it, you can say swap(x,y) to swap x and y. The numbers kind of flow through each other and end up swapped.
