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Chemical Engineering

Chemical Engineering is the branch of engineering that deals with the technology of large-scale chemical production and the manufacture of products through chemical processes. Today, the field of chemical engineering is a diverse one, covering areas from biotechnology and nanotechnology to mineral processing.

1,464 Questions

Is iron a carcinogens?

Iron is not a carcinogen. Iron is a mineral which can be found in a human body. Even iron oxide is not a carcinogen.

What is the relationship between pressure and temperature of saturated steam?

Thermodynamics study about the interchange of heat and work between a system and the surroundings which occurs when the system undergoes a process. Thermodynamic also concerned about the changes in the properties of fluid. Most thermodynamics substances such as gases and vapours are often referred as P-V-T substances. An ideal gas obeys the equation of state that relates the pressure, specific volume or density, and absolute temperature with mass of molecule and the gas constant, R. However, real gas does not absolutely obey the equation of state. A few modifications on the ideal gas equation of state allow its application in the properties of real gas. When energy is added within water, the increasing of activities among the molecules caused the increase in the number of molecule escape from the surface until an equilibrium state is reached. The state of equilibrium depends on the pressure between the water surface and steam. The lower the pressure, the easier the molecules leaving the water surface and thus less energy is required to achieve the state of equilibrium (boiling point). The temperature where equilibrium occurs at a given pressure level is called saturated temperature. The pressure where equilibrium occurs at a given temperature is called saturated pressure. Marcet Boiler is used to investigate the relationship between the pressure and temperature of saturated steam in equilibrium with water at all temperature. The conducted experiment provides us a clear image on the progressing in between pressure, time and temperature. As time increased, the increased temperature energized the molecules of the water and thus, pressure became higher until the state of equilibrium.

What is the equation for isothermal process?

At the boiling point the energy goes into breaking the intermolecular bonds, but the average kinetic energy stays constant and so does the temperature until all of the bonds are broken and the substance is in the vapor state.

What is glass reinforced plastic?

It varies enormously. See the link below to a table showing all sorts of glass and glass-like products:

2.6g/cm3

2600Kg/m3

Also glass sinks because it has a density higher than 1.0g/cm^3.

What types of math are used in chemical engineering?

Chemical engineers use Optimization Techniques and Operations Research to optimize and bring out the most suitable design with appropriate parameters.

Chemical engineers use Computational Fluid Dynamics involving lots of complex calculus to solve complicated fluid system and heat transfer problems.

Chemical engineers fit data for accurate graphical analysis using methods of regression and other graph techniques.

Chemical engineers use Partial Differential Equations and Ordinary Differential Equations using either manually or by Polymath, Matlab, Wolfram Mathematica to solve and get a solution to system of equations.

Chemical engineers use Numerical Analysis and techniques to solve a variety of problems based on the dynamic nature of the system.

Chemical engineers use Surface Volume, Area, 3-D geometry and vector algebra for material analysis and assessing physical parameters to plant systems and units.

What are the three main cases of corrosion?

There are 3 types of weathering Physical Weathering which is split into two parts a.Freeze-thaw-as water enters cracks and holes it freezes and expands dueing for the rock to form cracks and breaking of the rock bunion skin (Exfoliation)-As the rock heats up and expands by day, and cools and contracts by night, stress is often exerted on the outer layers. The stress causes the peeling off the outer layers of rock in thin sheets. 2. Biological weathering- the roots and animals burrow into rocks which causes them to break. 3. Chemical weathering- mineral dissolving in the water makes the water acidic which then eats away the rock and sometimes causes holes.

What is the difference between petroleum engineering and oil and gas engineering?

I think petroleum engineering has to do with the discovery of crude oil[hydrocarbons] in it's dark,sticky,viscous stage and lifting it to the surface and passing it to the refineries for the extraction of other components viz petroleum gases,petrol,kerosene . While gas and oil engineering has to do with reserving,distribution of refined oil and gas from crude oil to depots. Ismail Sani Ali.

What is made out of thermosetting?

The most familiar use of thermosetting plastic is the heat-resistant handle on metal cookware. It is also used for bottle caps, knobs and handles, and laminated counter tops. Thermosetting plastics retain their shape and strength even when heated.

What is NiCrFe?

From the sparse wikipedia page:

Nickel Chromate (NiCrO4) is a reddish brown, or rust-coloured compound. It is basic and has a high melting point. It is insoluble in water but highly soluble in HCl.

What are the maximum upstream and downstream transfer rates for DSL and cable connections?

Cable systems provide rates of approximately 500 Kbps downstream and 128 Kbps upstream. Theoretically they can provide a bandwidth of 30 Mbps. A DSL system can provide speeds of up to 7.1 Mbps, but most providers offer a maximum of 1.5 Mbps upstream and downstream.

Is a stone biodegradable?

No. Biodegradation is when something is broken down by living things (like bacteria). Stones can be broken down into smaller stones by weather, and minerals and salts can be leached out of them by water, but stones are not biodegradable.

What does flooding velocity in packed column means?

Flooding velocity in a packed column refers to the minimum gas or liquid velocity at which the column becomes completely filled or "flooded" with the fluid, preventing effective mass transfer. At this point, the flow regime transitions from a more efficient operation to a less efficient one, often leading to reduced separation performance. Understanding flooding velocity is crucial for optimizing the design and operation of packed columns in processes like distillation, absorption, and chemical reactions.

Where can you buy tnt?

You have to go to an explosives dealer that sells TNT. Yes, they exist. They will ask to see your explosives license before you can buy anything from them--like any business that deals strictly with "the trade," if you're not in the trade they won't even let you buy a Coke out of the vending machine in the office.

How does temperature affect the physical properties of petrol?

An increase in temperature will reduce the density, reduce the viscosity, reduce thermal conductivity, and increase the specific heat capacity.

A decrease in temperature will have the opposite affect.

Is diethyl ether soluble in hexane?

Diethyl ether does not dissove in ether at room temperature

What is the chemical formula for Fe2O3?

That is the chemical formula. The name would be iron (III) oxide, or ferric oxide in the old system.

How is oxygen separated from air?

How do you separate nitrogen from oxygenoxygen and nitrogen can be separated. Air is the commercial source for many of the gases it contains. It is separated into its components by fractional distillation of liquefied air. Before air is liquefied, water vapor and carbon dioxide are removed, because these substances solidify when cooled and would clog the pipes of the air liquefaction plant. The dry, CO2-free air is compressed to about 200 atmospheres. This compression causes the air to become warm, and the heat is removed by passing the compressed air through radiators. The cooled, compressed air is then allowed to expand rapidly. The rapid expansion causes the air to become cold, so cold that some of it condenses. By the alternate compressing and expanding of air, most of it can be liquefied. Nitrogen is obtained from liquid air by distillation at -196°C. The gas obtained by this process is actually a mixture of nitrogen and about 1.25% noble (or "inert") gases, argon, neon, krypton, and xenon. Nitrogen is second only to sulfuric acid in the mass produced by the U.S. chemical industry. Its major uses are as an inert blanketing atmosphere in chemical processing (14%), electronics (15%), and, in liquid form, as a freezing agent (21%). Nitrogen is used to make agricultural fertilizers, such as ammonia and nitrates.

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Will reducing carbon in steel increase malleability?

Yes. Carbon is added to iron in steel to make the steel stronger by making it more rigid. The more rigid a metal is, the less malleable it is.

What will happen if slip rings are removed from a DC motor?

It won't work. The slip rings work in conjunction with the brushes to connect a rotating part of the unit with the stationary part. We need to couple current into and out of the rotor, and without the slip rings for the brushes to ride on, we can't do that, and the motor won't work.

What is glass lined reactor composition?

A glass-lined reactor typically consists of a metal vessel, often made of carbon steel or stainless steel, that is coated with a layer of glass. This glass lining provides excellent resistance to corrosion and chemical attack, making it ideal for reactions involving aggressive substances. The glass is usually fused to the metal at high temperatures to create a durable, inert surface that can withstand high pressures and temperatures. The composition of the glass itself often includes silica, alumina, and other oxides to enhance its thermal and chemical stability.

What is the future of chemical engineering?

Yes, there is demand for chemical engg. if he is good at thermodynamics. reaction engineering and kinetics and process calculation... a chemical engg without these subject is nothing but a coolie...