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Computers
This category includes questions and answers about computers and everything related to computers.
48,002 Questions
What is difference between MIS and DSS in brief?
The terms MIS and DSS stand for Management Information Systems and Decision Support Systems respectively. There has been a lot of talk regarding these two, whether they are actually the same thing or if there are any significant differences between the two.
MIS is basically a kind of link to facilitate communcation between managers across different areas in a business organization
. MIS plays a pivotal role in enabling communications across the floor of an organization, between various entities therein.
DSS, many consider, is an advancement from the original MIS. However,this is not the sole difference between the two. While there may not be too much separating the two, the difference is still there,as is apparent when we say DSS is an advancement over MIS.
The essential difference between the two is in focus. DSS, as the term indicates, is about leadership and senior management in an organization providing good, reliable judgment as well as vision. MIS, on the other hand, is about focusing on the actual flow of information itself.
What are the difference between computer organization and computer architecture?
Computer organization is how operational attributes are linked together and contribute to realise the architectural specifications.Computer architecture is the architectural attrributes like physical address memory,CPU and how they should be made and made to coordinate with each other keeping the future demands and goals in mind.Computer architecture comes before computer organiation.Its like building the design and architecture of house takes maximum time and then organisation is building house by bricks or by latest technology keeping the basic layout and architecture of house in mind. Computer organization is how operational attributes are linked together and contribute to realise the architectural specifications.Computer architecture is the architectural attrributes like physical address memory,CPU and how they should be made and made to coordinate with each other keeping the future demands and goals in mind.Computer architecture comes before computer organiation.Its like building the design and architecture of house takes maximum time and then organisation is building house by bricks or by latest technology keeping the basic layout and architecture of house in mind.
What are the two main types of computer chips?
ROM (Read only Memory) and RAM (Random access memory).
However, there are loads more types of computer memory than these two.
Why is traffic engineering needed?
You need traffic engineers to design road/highway systems that are effective and safe.
What are the advantages of a class in C over a structure in C?
Note that in C++, a struct is exactly the same as a class, other than the fact that the members of a struct are public by default while members of a class are private by default, unless explicitly declared otherwise. Aside from that they operate in exactly the same way. In other words, a C++ struct is not the same as a C struct.
Well you see the first Apple was found back in the 1600's. It happened when Sir Isaac Newton was sitting under a tree. An apple fell off the tree. Thinking that it was some sort of witchcraft, he grabbed an axe and chopped down the tree.
That was when they found apple.
Multiplexing is the ability of a number of devices to share a transmission facility.If each device needs the facility only a fraction of time,then the sharing arrangement allows the cost of the facility to be spread over many users.
post by Mohammed Alkhattab
quote from William Stallings book
What application instruction that make the computer hardware work?
A computer is an electronic machine that takes some input, does some calculation on that input and produces an output. Inputs are programs (sets of instructions to do things) and data (the objects that get manipualted by the programs). Physical inputs (like key presses, mouse clicks and so on) get translated to program instructions and data. Outputs are simply data that is shoved somewhere by a program (eg: onto a screen, printer or into a sound device). In order for the machine to keep track of where it is in its programs, it requires memory. when switched off it loses the memory so it has to start again. computers have hard disks to store important programs and data that it would take too long for the user to type in each time it was switched on (like Windows for example).
What is an explaination of advantages of mail-merge?
Mail-merge's main advantage is to save a lot of time.
Fundamentally, mail-merge means taking one form letter, and then using a program/computer, to modify small parts of it based on a list.
Most typically, one has a common letter whom which to sends to several different persons.
Usually, the only things different between each letter would be the addressee, the salutation, and perhaps other minor customizing attributes like "Mr.", "Ms.', etc.
Mail merge uses a list of data with named items corresponding with special parts of the letter with the same named areas.
As each letter is generated or printed, each named entry in the list of data gets placed into the same named place in the letter making it seem as though each letter was customized yet the computer does the customization.
Clearly, when tens or hundreds or more letters (or other types of correspondence) need to be sent to a list of different people or companies, mail-merge can do most of the work for you.
Most businesses, for example, maintain address lists of customers. Using mail-merge, the computer does the letter salutation, possibly other differing content based on customer, and most importantly, takes care of addressing both the letters and envelopes.
Even the holiday cards and letters can be customized and addressed the same way.
What is a computer program that tells the computer how to perform particular tasks?
Every software program have a help section it would assist you the best telling you about the usability of that particular software or program.
computer virus
How much money does a computer programmer earn per week?
Depends on what they're doing and who they work for. Look at a site such as Monster or go through the classifieds in your newspaper to get an idea. Very roughly, it could range from as low as $30K a year (very low) to over $100K a year.
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Computer programming vs algorithm?
An algorithm describes the finite procedural steps required to solve a problem. Algorithms are typically written so humans can easily understand those steps. Computer programming is the means by which a computational problem is converted into executable code. This often entails the development of algorithms which must be converted from the human-readable form into native machine code, typically using high-level programming languages to produce the abstract, human-readable source code, and compilers or interpreters to produce the machine-readable code.
What is the Necessity of earthing in computer?
Earthing is a vital safety feature in domestic and business power supplies. Most equipment such as refrigerators or convection heaters has a separate earth wire along with the live and neutral wires which carry the current. This connects the external surfaces of all such equpiment together, independently of the supply, so that the voltage between all surfaces which might be touched is zero and therefore safe even if some types of common fault occur. The earth wire is also connected physically to the gas and water pipes and to the ground in all properties. Certain portable low-power items with double insulation and no metal exterior surfaces do not require an earth lead.
<<>> Earthing or Grounding (depending on where you live) is a practice of connecting one terminal of the generator to the Earth's ground, and then doing the same at the load (user end).
This gives us two main benefits.
1. Most importantly, if the hot wire comes in contact with the earthed frame, then a very high fault current will flow, which will cause the protective device to operate, and shut down the supply before harm or fire can occur.
2. As already stated above, It limits the touch voltage on the frame of the device to a safe level, so that persons contacting the frame are not likely to come in contact with a hazardous voltage.
This type of protection is bets achieved when the neutral wire is connected to the earthing system at multiple locations, This is called an MEN (multiple Earth Neutral) System or in IEC speak a TN (Terra Neutral) system. The more earths in the systems, the more effective earth bonding of appliances is.
Below gets a littl heavy for this question, but it's valid.
If you could have an ideal ungrounded system, the generator could be ungrounded, then a person could touch one live wire without a path for current to flow through his body. Ideal is the key word here. Nothing is ideal. There are capacitive and inductive currents between the transmission lines and ground, so that even an ungrounded generator would actually have a return path for current. Also note that both wires will be 'hot' in an ungrounded system, rather than just one (there is no neutral wire).
Think about this. A capacitor is two plates separated by a dielectric. But if you have miles of transmission line even 100 feet in the air will act like a capacitor. Since the current is alternating, the transmission lines act sort of like a broadcast antenna for electromagnetic waves (very low frequency - 60 Hz - though), but some current could be induced into metal objects that are touching the ground, like thousands of tiny receiving antennas.
Therefore, you want to ground one of the generator terminals, and then ground the corresponding terminal at the load (the user end). Now you have created a path to ground which has much less impedance to current flow than the sum of these inductances and capacitances created by the transmission line. By having the 'neutral' wire grounded, you can also connect any metal parts in your appliance to ground, so that if there is a short to an exposed metal part, the breaker will trip rather than just energizing the entire device.
Imagine you are on an ungrounded system and your entire toaster were hooked to the 'hot' side, rather than the neutral side, for example.
Note that you could experience this situation if you are running a portable generator, which is not electrically connected to Earth's ground.
What is advantages of computer in hospital?
Well do you mean for the purposes of research and development? To process, create, and display numerous things to complicated for most minds. Like DNA sequencing, development of drugs and treatments, logging large numbers of test studies.
For more mundane things, to keep track of patient records, take x-rays, see things we can't, some forms of remote surgery.
A great many things more as well. Please be more specific to receive more relevant help.
A data type that can store integer numbers. The details vary depending on the programming language; many language have different integer types to accomodate different sizes. This lets the programmer use a smaller size (and save memory space) when he only needs to store fairly small numbers - and especially when he needs to store LOTS of fairly small numbers, as in an array. Common sizes include 1 byte, 2 bytes, 4 bytes and 8 bytes of storage.
Why is multiple inheritance implemened through interfaces?
Interfaces have only methods declared and not defined. So that these various methods can be altered or customized or written according to the need. Hence Multiple inheritance is implemented through Interfaces.
Interface is a progam which just declares various methods or functions, so that any user can write the contents of that method declaration.
AnswerTrue Multiple Inheritance refers to the ability to inherit from multiple CLASSES. Thus, a true multiple inheritance language does not use interfaces. However, many single-inheritance languages provide most of the benefits of the multiple inheritance concept by using interfaces (Java, for example).The problem with true Multiple Inheritance is twofold:
(a) at the compiler and runtime level, it is often difficult to determine which method is being referred to, as M.I. can lead to very convoluted (and sometimes conflicting) namespaces
(b) there is no specific superclass, which can lead to problems with determining relationships between classes
Using a S.I. model with interfaces avoids these two problems.
What is the difference between an electrical surge and a brownout?
A surge is an over voltage and over current situation and a brownout is an under voltage situation.
What is the purpose of routers?
Routers are responsible for delivering and receiving network communication. They regulate what goes in from either "leg" of the router and what goes out of either "leg". They can also be configured to send specific data through specific routes, hence the name.
The purpose of routers is to take the signal that is being sent via the cable wire and convert it into a wireless signal that multiple devices can connect to.
Why calculations in computer systems are performed in binary and not ASCII?
Everything has to be binary encoded since it's the only language natively understood by a binary computer. Even ASCII character codes must be binary encoded. However, it's not clear how you would use ASCII to perform a calculation since the American Standard Code for Information Interchange is a character encoding scheme that maps 7-bit binary codes to glyph bitmaps according to the current ASCII code page. You can certainly use the encodings in calculations, but not the characters themselves, because the digits '0' through '9' in the ASCII table do not map to the values 0 through 9. In order to translate an ASCII digit to the value it represents, you first have to subtract 48 from the ASCII character value. From the computer's perspective, determining the actual value represented by the character '7' requires the binary calculation 00110111 - 00110000 = 00001110. In hexadecimal, this equates to 0x37 - 0x30 = 0x07, because 0x37 maps to character '7' in the ASCII table, while 0x30 maps to '0'. Thus you could also say '7' - '0' = 7.
What is antibonding in chemistry?
Antibonding is a bonding in which the electrons are away from the nucleus and which is higher in energy.
What is used to translate source code instructions into appropriate machine language instructions?
Languages are either "Compiled languages" or "interpreted languages":
- A compiled language will use a compiler which is another program that checks your code and then converts it to the correct machine code for the machine it is intended to run on. You can only run the program after you have compiled it. A compiler can help spot syntax errors and certain semantic errors and will give you a "compilation error".
- An Interpreted language can be ran directly as long as you have another program called the interpreter which translates your code into machine code whilst it is running. This means certain errors will not be caught before runtime (There is no concept of a compilation error) and so you won't know until runtime if certain errors are present in your code
