Electronics Engineering

1500v

From ESD Association ESD Handbook ESD TR20.20 section 5.3.2.1:

"When people are charged with static electricity, they can release stored energy to conductive objects such as doorknobs and electronic circuits. This transfer of energy is called an electrostatic discharge. Sometimes the electrostatic discharge causes visible sparks, but more often, it is both unseen and unfelt. Electrostatic discharges can damage ESD sensitive components used in modern electronics.

Static electricity is a natural phenomenon that occurs in all climates and at all levels of relative humidity year round. Most people cannot feel an electrostatic discharge unless the static voltage is greater than 2000 volts. However, some electronic circuitry can be damaged by ESD that is less than 2000 volts. The damage can be done without people having any sensation of the ESD event.

When a wrist strap is worn properly and connected to ground, the person wearing it will stay near ground potential."

A; Must define the transistor type and its mode of application if you expect an answer. It has the capabilities to conduct both way on either type dueing saturation mode. Hope that helps

Current transformer is a device used to measure the flow of current through a power system and the measured current is inputted to a protective relay system. It is used to detect system malfunction.

Current transducer is a device used to measure AC and DC current based on the halt-effect technology.

when we provide two input as 1 or true or high out put of q and q' become same

that violate the complement law.

A microprocessor is a multipurpose, programmable device that uploads digital data, processes it according to memory-stored instruction, and provides output results. They operate on numbers and symbols represented in binary code.

A; fluorescent lamps needs 500 v to start once started the voltage drops to ~90 v the starter perform the kicking to get to 500 volts without it it will not start so taking it out after it started that is when it is not longer needed

Apparent power is the vector sum of a load's true power and its reactive power. If you draw a 'power diagram', the phase angle will be the angle between the true power and the apparent power. If true power is fixed, then increasing the phase angle will result in a greater value of apparent power.

A: Voltages varies on a circuit because current varies caused by difference in resistance

The Junction Field Effect Transistor (JFET)exhibits characteristics which often make it more suited to a particular application than the bipolar transistor. Some of these applications are:

- High Input Impedance Amplifier

- Low-Noise Amplifier

- Differential Amplifier

- Constant Current Source

- Analogue Switch or Gate

- Voltage Controlled Resistor

simply by complementing x input before applying to and gate for generating carry

Reversing polarity is not possible with an ac motor. Some do have wiring that will allow you to change rotation. The type and model of the motor can tell you if it is reversible.

The operation of the circuit is as follows: C1 charges through R1 until the voltage across it reaches the peak point. The emitter current then rises rapidly, discharging C1 through the base 1 region and R3. The sudden rise of current through R3 produces the voltage pulse. When the current falls to IV the UJT switches off and the cycle is repeated.

The easy answer - it's not always forward biased. Both it, and the collector-base junction, must be forward biased to pass current through to the collector. Whether NPN or PNP the relative bias (voltage) on the base determines the conduction from emitter to collector. NPN: if the base is positive, relative to the collector and emmiter, the transistor conducts. PNP: if the base is negative, relative to the collector and emmitter, it conducts.

For either transistor arrangement, draw two diodes connected either by their anodes or by their cathodes. The base is the region between them. In an NPN, a positive voltage on the anode, compared the to the cathode(s), will forward bias both, allowing current to flow. The same applies to a PNP with a relative negative voltage being the 'switch', turning both on.

bob

02/07/2009

The first paragraph is incorrect. The collector-base junction will be reverse biased for normal operation. The only time an NPN base will be biased more positively than the collector is when it's operating in saturation mode.

The second paragraph is also misleading. It implies that current flows (for NPN) from the collector to the base and then from the base to the emitter. Emitter current is base current plus collector current. The collector-base junction is normally reverse biased, so little current would flow.

Here's a link with relevant info: http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Bipolar-junction-transistors

Dennis

Ground Fault Circuit Interrupter (GFCI).

Anything made of a metal or metal alloy will be a conductor. The most common are copper (indoor wiring) and aluminum (power lines and transmission cables).

twice the frequency that is rectified.

A: Analogue is a signal DC with varying amplitudes. Digital is a state defined as true or false or machine language '1' '0' Digital must change states to supply information while analogue it has only to change amplitude

HZ.

Hertz is the name given to the frequency of the alternating circuit.

Direct current (DC) has no frequency since one wire is always positive and the other is always negative; but AC (Alternating Current) rapidly changes polarity, and does so at a rate that is defined by HZ.

Answer: A flip flop switches one connection between two points, a latch lock a connection, if you have a push to make press button and you press it, the circuit wil turn on but when you release the button it will turn off again, if you have a latch in the circuit then you can release the button and it will stay on.

4 resistors were connected in parallel it yields 5A of current from 220V supply.

sometimes

The global semiconductor packaging market size is projected to expand at a considerable CAGR during the forecast period, 2021–2028. The growth of the market is attributed to the increasing demand for consumer electronics in emerging economies.