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History of Judaism
The History of Judaism is the history of the Jewish people, their religion and culture, tracing back to the Biblical patriarchs Abraham, Isaac and Jacob of the 18th c. BCE. The earliest mention of Israel as a people was discovered in an inscription on the Merneptah Stele from the 1200s BCE.
1,396 Questions
What were the Jewish ghettos like?
the ghettos were horrific places where Nazis dumped Jew's; but not just Jews (which is commonly thought) but practically everyone who wasn't perfect (over exaggeration but....)
homosexuals, mentally or physically impaired, disabled, old, and Jews were put in the Ghettos. they were faced with terrible conditions where they were only fed an incredibly small fraction of what a human should eat to be healthy.
they were treated so badly, some died because of abuse, others died because of lack of nutrition or hygiene.
the ghettos were sort of a first step towards the death camps and the gassing.
incidentally, no one really cared about the people who were put in there; and if they did, they wouldn't say anything for fear that they would be put in there instead. as long as it wasn't them, they would deal with what was happening to others.
not that many people knew.
hope that helps a little; though I'm going on mostly memory but it IS right ... maybe just lacking some detail ^^
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I wonder if you are confusing ghettos with concentration camps.
Attack on jewish businesses homes and synagogues?
There have been so many. For facts on any single one, the question needs to be more specific.
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The best known single attack on the Jews by the Nazis was the Kristallnacht (Night of Broken Glass), 9-10 November 1938. Please see the related question.
How many countries is ANZAC Day celebrated in?
Australia and New Zealand both commemorate ANZAC Day. It is not so much a celebration as a commemoration, that is, a solemn remembering of those whose lives have been lost through war (particularly at Gallipoli).
What methods did Hitler use to make the Germans fear and hate Jews?
The Germans and their collaborators used to chief methods to exterminate European Jewry. The Germans and their fascist proxies used summary and mass executions across Europe to murder tens of thousands such as in Baba Yar and Odessa in 1941. The Germans also industrialized murder by using concentration camps to kills millions of Jews. Additionally the camps were used to exterminate Poles, Russians, Gypsies, homosexuals, politicals and others.
How many Jewish people lived in Paris?
Paris is the big community of Jewish people after America and Israel, the entire France has about 491000 people and Europe about 1 million.
Ghetto's were made in order to contain the Jewish population. The ghetto's were a stage of Hitler's final solution where he assessed the Jewish population before hailing them off to death camps.
What was life like in a Jewish ghetto?
Life was terrible. you were under Nazi rule. The Jews in the ghettos were completely dependent on the Nazis and the Judenrat (Jewish council) for food, water and medication. so many people died of starvation, thirst, and disease. It was always overcrowded. Fear of being murdered or deported was constant. Everyday more and more Jews were sent to death camps.
How long did Jews live in Germany?
The first Jews came to Germany 1150 years ago, at the very latest. Possibly earlier. It is known that Charlemagne brought (or invited) Jews to Germany; and we have the names of Rabbis in Germany 1100 years ago.
Why were only Jews persecuted during the Holocaust?
I just read a biography on this. The Jews weren`t the only ones killed. Jews, Russians,Poles, and Gypsies were also killed.
There were also Soviet POWs, Roma, disabled and mentally ill, gay men, Jehovah's Witnesses, and political opponents.
The reason all these people were killed was because of Adolf Hitler (who grew up hating mainly Jews), so one man's hatred was expanded due to his nazi politics and his influencial speeches (he was a good speaker). So he and the Nazi Party who emphasized nationalism and antisemitism ... sought to rid the world of those they hated.
The Nazis were above all a "hate party".
How were the Jews treated up to 1596?
Not particularly well, we know this because we do and life was just utterly terrible. Jews were spat upon and people didn't really life them for their so called 'Jewish' ways. My guess is that you're studying the merchant of venice, as it was written in 1596, so yeah shylock is a jew and isn't liked. He is mocked predominantly because he is fat..
Which countries did the Spanish Jews flee to?
Britain, Australia, Switzerland, Palestine just to name a few places.... ___ Once war began in 1939, international communications were severely affected. Most Jews who fled did so before the start of the war. For example, fleeing to Britain, Australia or Palestine in or after September was almost impossible. It was possible for some to reach the U.S. in particular in 1939-41.
Describe Nazi attitude toward Jews?
Taking this question seriously- Look at the death / concentration camps they set up for your answer, many millions of answers
The attitudes in history from Nazi, Germany to the Jews were as follows: Scapegoating, Torture and other brutal treatments due to a fear of enemies, Smear campaigns to exploit the ignorance and fear through a controlled mass media, Genocidal plans. Many of these took place as acts of Aggression, personal bias, and Lies.
What other types of people were killed in the Holocaust besides the Jewish people?
Gypsies, mentally and physically handicapped children, homosexuals, Jehovah's Witnesses, and anyone else who denounced Hitler and this Nazi's. - Also Communists, Social Democrats and Soviet prisoners of war.
indirectly, Jews died on trains because of the conditions that the Nazis sujected them to.
How was Jewish Marriage affected in the Holocaust?
From September 1935, yes. Please see the related question.
Why wouldn't the Jews resist Jews?
The Nazis' military strength was overwhelming. Please also see the related question.
What was wine called in medieval times?
Wine was most commonly produced in monasteries, run by monks or even convents. The reason was because wine production requires a lot of grapes, and land was one thing the church had plenty of.
Where did the Zionists want to create a homeland for the Jews?
Zionists only want one thing: to be a free people in their own land (Israel). Zionism is the belief that the Jews have a right to a state in the historic homeland of the Jewish people. It is no different than German nationalism (which holds that Germans have a right to a state in the historic homeland of the German peoples) or Turkish nationalism (which holds that Turks have a right to a state in the historic lands of the Turkish people).
What did the Jewish bring to concentration camps?
Nazi Germany unveiled the concept of the concentration camp in 1934. Heinrich Himmler said that they would be used for "concentrating enemies of the Reich." And that's what they did - kept all the enemies of Hitler's 3rd Reich in one place where the Nazis could keep an eye on them.
Before long, systematic extermination of these "enemies" took place. After a worker (probably a Jewish one) had outlived his usefulness, he would be offered a "shower" by the guards. They would take him to a large chamber with a group of other prisoners, who were also expecting a shower. They would strip off their clothes and enter the chamber, where the doors would be locked and the lights would be turned off. A guard on the roof would then pour Zyklon-B - an industrial rat poison that becomes deadly when exposed to air - into precut openings in the ceiling. The gas would enter the chamber, and everyone inside would be dead within 20 minutes.
What do Jewish people worship?
Answer 1
One supreme, all encompassing, ethereal, all dimensional, God. No idol or image. Something so great that it has no need for shape or form, and perhaps shouldn't even have the term "being" applied...as that may reduce the idea and imply some type of form.
The concept of a face and shape and form for God is totally at odds with Judaism (and Islam). The idea of a trinity is also rejected by Judaism.
Answer 2
Dictionaries define "Judaism" as The monotheistic religion of the Jews, since the founding principle of Judaism was and is the belief in One God. This was the teaching which was spread by Abraham, and has continued since then. From Judaism, belief in One God has spread through the Western world.
In Judaism:
- God is One. The concept of a dualism (as in Zoroastrianism), an independent Satan, multiple gods (polytheism; paganism) or a trinity of three in one, are all unimaginable in Judaism. Also, any belief that an intermediary between humanity and God should be used, whether as necessary or even optional, is considered heretical.
- God is non-physical, indivisible and incomparable. Jewish tradition teaches that God is beyond human comprehension; and that it is only God's revealed deeds, as He interacts with mankind and the world, that we can begin to grasp. His names indicate His attributes and the ways in which He relates to us.
- God is omniscient (He is aware of everything), and infinitely wise.
- God created the universe and all existence, including time and space, in a deliberate, purposeful act of benevolent Creation.
- God is the mover of everything. No molecule can move without the energy and direction with which God imbues it.
- God is eternal; and His ways are also eternal. He is not capricious, forgetful or fickle.
- God is just. He rewards good and punishes evil - whether in this world or in the afterlife.
- God is ethical and moral; and He expects us to imitate His ways.
- The God of Israel is the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. He is the guide of history, who delivered the Israelites from Egyptian slavery.
- God is the source of law, who gave the Torah to the Israelites at Mount Sinai.
- God is immanent and personal, meaning that he relates to humanity and hears our prayers. This is the basis of the Psalms and our siddur (prayerbook).
Answer 3
Judaism is strictly monotheistic, meaning it has One God. Jews do not worship anything other than The Creator.
The Creator has one true name which is represented by the letters YHVH in English. The Hebrew letters are "yud, hei, vav, hei". These four letters are referred to as the tetragrammaton and are a contraction of the Hebrew words for, "was, is, and will be". His true name was only said in the Temple and with the Temple's destruction we lost the correct pronunciation.
In the Tanach (Jewish Bible), there are 72 different 'names' used for The Creator. However, these aren't actual names; they're descriptions of Him that are contextual. In daily conversation, most Jews use the name 'HaShem' which literally translates to 'The Name' in reference to His true name.
How many Jews were killed in the Holocaust?
Since 1945-46, the most commonly quoted figure for the total number of Jews killed has been an estimate of approximately six million. This figure, first given at the Nuremberg Tribunal, has been broadly confirmed by later research.
The Holocaust commemoration center, the Yad Vashem Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority in Jerusalem, comments:
There is no precise figure for the number of Jews killed in the Holocaust. The figure commonly used is the six million established by the Nuremberg Tribunal in 1946 and repeated later by Adolf Eichmann, a senior SS official. Most research confirms that the number of victims was between five and six million. Early calculations range from 5.1 million (Professor Raul Hilberg) to 5.95 million (Jacob Leschinsky). More recent research, by Professor Yisrael Gutman and Dr. Robert Rozett in the Encyclopedia of the Holocaust, estimates the Jewish losses at 5.59-5.86 million, and a study headed by Dr. Wolfgang Benz presents a range from 5.29-6.2 million. The main sources for these statistics are comparisons of prewar censuses with postwar censuses and population estimates. Nazi documentation containing partial data on various deportations and murders is also used. We estimate that Yad Vashem currently has somewhat more than four million names of victims that are accessible.
Raul Hilberg, in the third edition of his ground-breaking three-volume work, The Destruction of the European Jews, estimates that 5.1 million Jews died during the Holocaust. This figure includes "over 800,000" who died from "Ghettoization and general privation"; 1,400,000 who were killed in "Open-air shootings"; and "up to 2,900,000" who perished in camps. Hilberg estimates the death toll in Poland at "up to 3,000,000". Hilberg's numbers are generally considered to be a conservative estimate, as they typically include only those deaths for which some records are available, avoiding statistical adjustment. British historian Martin Gilbert used a similar approach in his "Atlas of the Holocaust", but arrived at a number of 5.75 million Jewish victims, since he estimated higher numbers of Jews killed in Russia and other locations.
One of the most authoritative German scholars of the Holocaust, Wolfgang Benz of the Technical University of Berlin, cites between 5.3 and 6.2 million Jews killed in Dimension des Völkermords (1991), while Yisrael Gutman and Robert Rozett estimate between 5.59 and 5.86 million Jewish victims in the Encyclopaedia of the Holocaust (1990).
There were about 9.4 million Jews in the territories controlled directly or indirectly by the Nazis. (Some uncertainty arises from the lack of knowledge about how many Jews there were in the Soviet Union). The 6 million killed in the Holocaust thus represent about 64% of these Jews. Of Poland's 3.3 million Jews, over 90 percent were killed. The same proportion were killed in Latvia and Lithuania, but most of Estonia's Jews were evacuated in time. In Czechoslovakia, Greece, the Netherlands and Yugoslavia, over 70 percent were killed. More than 50 percent were killed in Belgium, Hungary and Romania. It is likely that a similar proportion were killed in Belarus and Ukraine, but these figures are less certain. Countries with notably lower proportions of deaths include Bulgaria, Denmark, France, Italy and Norway. Finally, of the 750,000 Jews in Germany and Austria in 1933, only about a quarter survived. Although many German Jews emigrated before 1939, the majority of these fled to Czechoslovakia, France or the Netherlands, from where they were later deported to their deaths.
The number of people killed at the major extermination camps is estimated as follows:
Auschwitz-Birkenau: 1.4 million; Belzec: 500,000; Chelmno: 152,000; Majdanek: 78,000; Maly Trostinets: 65,000; Sobibór: 250,000; and Treblinka: 870,000.
This gives a total of over 3.3 million; of these, 90% are estimated to have been Jews. These seven camps alone thus accounted for half the total number of Jews killed in the entire Nazi Holocaust. Virtually the entire Jewish population of Poland died in these camps.
In addition to those who died in the above extermination camps, at least half a million Jews died in other camps, including the major concentration camps in Germany. These were not extermination camps, but had large numbers of Jewish prisoners at various times, particularly in the last year of the war as the Nazis withdrew from Poland. About a million people died in these camps, and although the proportion of Jews is not known with certainty, it was estimated to be at least 50 percent. Another 800,000 to 1 million Jews were killed by the Einsatzgruppen in the occupied Soviet territories (an approximate figure, since the Einsatzgruppen killings were frequently undocumented). Many more died through execution or of disease and malnutrition in the ghettos of Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, Lithuania, Latvia and Hungary before they could be deported.
What role did Zionism play in establishing the state of Israel?
The Zionists were the ones who led the creation of the State of Israel. Without them, there would be no Jewish State. It was their idea and their actions that brought the state into existence and sustained it throughout the years.
What is the difference between Zionist and Sephardic Jew?
Answer 1
Zionism is the Jewish desire to live in our ancestral homeland. Although there is a secular/political variant of zionism, religious zionism is a part of Judaism so there is no difference.
Answer 2
Zionism is the belief that the Jews should have political self-sovereignty and is the patriotic sentiment behind the Establishment of the State of Israel. It is entirely political in nature and largest number of Zionists are Christians.
Judaism is a religion that recognizes the Torah as its holy book and follows traditions of Divine Origin that are established and interpreted by Rabbis. Judaism has both a religious and ethnic component.
What is the symbol for the Jewish religion?
- Menorah (7 branched candelabrum used in the Temple)
- Mezuzah (small case containing the words of Shema)
- Tzitzit (complex procedure for tying knots)
- Tefillin (leather box containing scrolls which are bound to arms and foreheads).
- Torah Scrolls
Yes, Jews eat pie. If the person is religious, it would have to be kosher.
The types of pies that are not kosher typically involve meat. However, it is worth noting that since most pies use butter or cream in their creation, they cannot be eaten at the end of a meal containing meat due the prohibition of mixing meat and dairy.
