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Mathematicians

Often, to completely understand the importance of a mathematical theory, it's essential to know about the person who developed it. This category is where all questions about historically significant mathematicians should be asked.

6,570 Questions

Did Augustus have any children?

Yes, one biological daughter, Julia the Elder, with Scribonia.

Scribiona had previous marriages, one to Publius Cornelius Scipio, with whom she had one daughter Cornelia, and a son Publius Cornelius Scipio, named after his father.

Two stepsons. One was Tiberius, his successor, he was the son of Augustus's third wife: Livia, so was Nero Claudius Drusus.

Who discovered universal gravitation?

Universal law of gravitation is also called as Newton's law of gravitation.

By the name it is clear that it was discovered by the father of physics

"Sir Isaac Newton".

What is the volume of a bath tub metric?

The volume of a bathtub can vary depending on its size and shape. Typically, a standard bathtub has a volume of around 220-250 liters in metric units. To calculate the volume precisely, you can measure the length, width, and height of the tub and use the formula for the volume of a rectangular prism (V = length x width x height).

What was significant about the works of Conrad Lorenz?

Lorenz helped pioneer the study of animal behavior, or "ethology."

He wrote several popular books, and soon became known to the public as "the man who walked with geese."

In 1973 Lorenz, together with two other scientists, was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physiology

What did Marie agnesi accomplish at the age of 9?

At the age of 9, Maria Agnesi had memorized and discussed scientific and mathematical topics with guests at her family's salon. This early display of her intellectual abilities laid the foundation for her future contributions to mathematics.

What race was Isaac Newton?

Newton was English. He made many contributions including inverting the reflecting telescope and formulating a quite good theory of gravity and orbital mechanics. He shares the invention of the calculus with Leibniz.

Who is Alonzo Newton Benn?

Alonzo Newton Benn was an American mathematician known for his work in graph theory and network analysis. He made significant contributions to the study of Ramsey theory and combinatorics. Benn also co-authored several influential papers in the field of discrete mathematics during his career.

How does Archimedes' principle relate to flight?

Of the four forces of flight (lift, thrust, weight, and drag), weight applies to Archimedes' principle. This principle states that a body buoyancy brings a body immerced in a fluid up by a force equal to the weight of the displaced fluid. It explains the weight loss of vessels submerged in water as well as those in the air.

How did Isaac Newton influence people?

Newtonian thought was revolutionary in many aspects. Newton's method of grounding his theories in natural phenomena themselves, and not in philosophical principles already abstracted from reality, was at least somewhat groundbreaking, if not earth shattering. Newton's theories could be proven by experiment, based as they were in the very phenomena explored in the experiments. Newton's theory of gravity revolutionized our understanding of celestial motion, though of course Einstein's theories now provide us with a better understanding. Nonetheless, the concept of universal gravitation (every point of mass in the universe attracts every other point of mass in the universe) was, from my understanding, very revolutionary. The notion that this accounts for celestial motion was also, as far as I know, revolutionary.

In short, Newton contributed a lot of great theories and concepts, thus revolutionizing our understanding of many things, including light, motion, and gravity. But I think there's a lot more than just the ideas themselves involved here- there seems to be a whole way of thinking, a whole method of understanding the world around us. Newton, as stated above, used the phenomena themselves as the basis for theories, and was willing to let any cherished beliefs, if he had them, slide if they disagreed with what he saw (the other leading theory of celestial motion, that of vortices, was so beloved that many tried to keep it alive long after Newton published his Principia).

Once again, I write from my understanding of the issue, something limited and fallible. I am also writing a paper on this right now, which is why I have anything at all to contribute. So please let me know if I am wrong :)

Did Isaac Newton really discover viscosity?

Isaac Newton did not discover viscosity, but he did develop mathematical equations to describe the behavior of fluids in motion, including viscosity. He formulated Newton's law of viscosity, which states that the shear stress between adjacent fluid layers is directly proportional to the velocity gradient between the layers.

How did Isaac Newton describe himself?

Newton had said right before dying "I do not know what I may appear to the world, but to myself I seem to have been only like a boy playing on the seashore, and diverting myself in now and then finding a smoother pebble or a prettier shell than ordinary, whilst the great ocean of truth lay all undiscovered before me."

How does Archimedes' principle relate to convection?

Fine question.

In a nut shell, Archimedes' principle tells us how things float (buoyancy). Things float when they are lighter than the amount of water (I say water....could be any non-solid medium, it tells us why helium balloons fly away and etc) they displace. This means they have less density (mass per unit volume).

In convection, cool parts sink and gain heat energy. They then expand due to the heat, rise away from the heat source and cool off. Archimedes' principle explains why this occurs because as things increase in temperature - they expand. Expanding means you have more volume for the same mass (thus less mass per unit volume and so less density). So we can see why the hot material moves upwards and the cool material moves downwards (as it is more dense than the hot material).

This forms a continual cycle that we know as convection.

If this is at all confusing, try googling 'convection' and just find some clear animations (there should be a fair few) of the cycle. You'll have it in no time.

Archimedes' principle states that pressure applied to a fluidis transmitted unchanged throughout the fluid Trueor false?

False. Archimedes' principle states that the buoyant force acting on an object submerged in a fluid is equal to the weight of the fluid that the object displaces. It's not about pressure being transmitted unchanged throughout the fluid.

Why did Isaac Newton invent the telescope?

Isaac Newton did not invent the telescope. The telescope was actually invented by Hans Lippershey in 1608. Newton's contributions to science were in the fields of physics, mathematics, and astronomy, particularly with his laws of motion and the development of calculus.

What is your reaction about the Nusantao Theory?

The Nusantao Theory suggests that a maritime-based culture connected populations across the ancient Austronesian world. It highlights the importance of trade, seafaring, and cultural exchange in shaping this region's history. While it's a compelling theory, there's ongoing debate among scholars about its validity and scope.

What did Isaac Newton want?

Isaac Newton was a prominent figure in the scientific revolution who wanted to understand the fundamental principles governing the natural world. He made significant contributions to physics, mathematics, and astronomy, developing the laws of motion and universal gravitation. Newton aimed to unlock the secrets of the universe and explain its workings through his research and discoveries.

Did Isaac Newton have autism?

Yes, it is believed that Isaac Newton had Autism. At the time he was alive Autism wasn't a diagnosis, but we can look at behavioral traits of historical figures to assess them as being Autistic.

Where did Isaac Newton grow up?

Isaac newton was born at Woolsthorpe Manor in Woolsthorpe-by-Colsterworth, Lincolnshire, England.

What did Galileo have to do with Isaac Newton?

Isaac Newton was a physicist and mathematician who was born in 1642/3 (see related question for details) in Lincolnshire, UK. He studied at Trinity College, Cambridge and obtained his degree. He went on to make major achievements in both Physics and Mathematics.

In Physics he is widely considered to be the most influential physicist of all time. In optics he showed white light can be split into colors and recombined into white light and, invented the reflecting telescope. In mechanics he was able to explain the motion of the planets in terms of 3 laws of motion (now known as Newton's Laws) and a universal theory of gravity.

In mathematics he was a co-discoverer of Calculus with Leibniz. It is now generally believed that they both discovered it independently but Leibniz published first. Newton also developed a generalize binomial theorem along with a range of important but obscure mathematical developments.

In his later life he became a member of parliament and master of the Royal Mint.

He died of natural causes in 1727 aged 84, possibly because of mercury. Galileo had discovered inertia and Newton formed the first law of motion, which used what Galileo had come up with about inertia, but Galileo died before Newton was born, so they didn't really have a face to face connection.

Newton's Three Laws

of Motion

Let us begin our explanation of how Newton changed our understanding of the Universe by enumerating his Three Laws of Motion.

Newton's First Law of Motion:I. Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it.

This we recognize as essentially Galileo's concept of inertia, and this is often termed simply the "Law of Inertia".

Newton's Second Law of Motion:II. The relationship between an object's mass m, its acceleration a, and the applied force F is F = ma. Acceleration and force are vectors (as indicated by their symbols being displayed in slant bold font); in this law the direction of the force vector is the same as the direction of the acceleration vector.

This is the most powerful of Newton's three Laws, because it allows quantitative calculations of dynamics: how do velocities change when forces are applied. Notice the fundamental difference between Newton's 2nd Law and the dynamics of Aristotle: according to Newton, a force causes only a change in velocity (an acceleration); it does not maintain the velocity as Aristotle held.

This is sometimes summarized by saying that under Newton, F = ma, but under Aristotle F = mv, where v is the velocity. Thus, according to Aristotle there is only a velocity if there is a force, but according to Newton an object with a certain velocity maintains that velocity unless a force acts on it to cause an acceleration (that is, a change in the velocity). As we have noted earlier in conjunction with the discussion of Galileo, Aristotle's view seems to be more in accord with common sense, but that is because of a failure to appreciate the role played by frictional forces. Once account is taken of all forces acting in a given situation it is the dynamics of Galileo and Newton, not of Aristotle, that are found to be in accord with the observations.

Newton's Third Law of Motion:III. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

This law is exemplified by what happens if we step off a boat onto the bank of a lake: as we move in the direction of the shore, the boat tends to move in the opposite direction (leaving us face down in the water, if we aren't careful!).

What was the date that sir Isaac newton found gravity?

Sir Isaac Newton is said to have discovered the concept of gravity in 1665 or 1666, when he observed an apple falling from a tree. This observation eventually led to his development of the law of universal gravitation.

When did Isaac Newton discover Newtons?

Even before Sir Isaac Newton was born, roughly 8 out of every 23 people had already

noticed that when they jumped out of bed, their feet went to the floor, and that when

they dropped something, it fell to the ground. Gravity was already quite universally known,

whether or not that's what anybody called it, and it didn't need to be discovered.

All Newton did was to accurately describe how it works. He published his explanation in 1690.

But Newton's breakthrough was to realise that gravity is not just that well known constant force that gives people their weight, but it also acts between the Sun and the planets. The force between two objects is proportional to their masses and inversely to the square of the distance between them. Nobody jumping out of bed could ever have worked that one out.

What the discovery allowed Newton to do was to explain how the planets move in elliptical orbits under the force of gravity, all the details. It allowed the mass of the Sun and planets to be calculated and it confirmed that the planets all move in stable orbits so that we don't have to worry about falling into the Sun ever - not for a couple billion years anyway.

Definition of matignon cut?

A Matignon is a very rough cut of aromatic vegetables used to protect large joints of meat when roasting. the joint of meat would be placed on to of the vegetables to help prevent it from drying out from contact with the roasting tray.

What is a value of apple newton messagepad 130?

Go to www.ebay.com... search on Apple Newton 130, see if any are listed... click on Completed listings, do the search again and see if any have sold. You may have to do this over a few weeks... these things don't come up much.. Might want to check the prices on the 120, and the faster, I think, 2000 model. My guess is about 10 to 20 dollars, tops, for a 130.. 01/24/2008 ps, The Newton was a great messagepad for its day. Price was very $$$ as I recall.

How does Pascal's vase work?

Pascal's vase is a thought experiment in philosophy, used to illustrate Descartes' theory of mind-body dualism. It involves a hypothetical vase that cannot be seen or detected in any way, raising questions about the nature of consciousness and reality. By contemplating the existence of an undetectable vase, the thought experiment challenges our perception of reality and the limitations of human knowledge.

What famous university did Isaac Newton teach at?

Cambridge Univesity (UK) He was a profesor at Cambridge University, UK.