a cokeless cupola is an industrial melting furnace used for remelting grey iron for casting or alloying it differs from traditional cupola furnaces in that it is cokeless.
traditional cupolas run on coke which is a refined coal product. most power plants run on coke. the traditional cupola is a vertically oriented tube filled with coke. the coke burns and is kept lit by a forced air introduced into the furnace through one or many holes in the lower third of the vertical shaft called tuyeres. the metal is introduced through the top and as the metal melts it collects in the bottom of the shaft until the collection area or well is full. the metal is then tapped out of the furnace through a hole at the furnace's base called the tap hole. it pours into a receiver, ladle, or mold.
cokeless cupolas use no coke so the inner workings of the furnace are different though they look similar from the out side. in the cokeless cupola instead of just forced air coming into the furnace at the tuyere, there are gas fired burners which provide the necessary heat to melt iron. directly above the burners is a water cooled grate that bridges the vertical shaft, creating a porous shelf that can both support the wait of fresh solid metal and allow liquid metal to drip through and collect in the well bellow. above the grate are many ceramic spheres known as the bed. the bed is super heated by the burners and reflects heat into the metal as it melts to keep it molten. iron is introduced at the top of the shaft onto the bed and when it melts and collects in the well it is tapped out as in a coke fired cupola.
operationally there are pros and cons to both methods of iron melting but cokeless cupolas are more fuel efficient, environmentally friendly, economical, and a cokeless cupola with the same bore as coke fired cupola can tap out upwards of twice as much metal because there is only iron in the well while there is approximately 60% coke in the well of conventional cupolas.
What is meant by oxidation during welding?
When the molten metal of the weld pool reacts with the oxygen in the air. Typically, in arc welding a shielding gas is used. Usually argon as it does not react because it's a halogen. If welding iron or steel, oxidation causes the build up of iron oxide which is rust.
HOW TO USE A screw-thread micrometer?
First calibrate the micrometer by dialing the spindle to zero and adjusting the anvil until it is flush against the spindle. Measure the screw until the ratchet begins to click and take the first reading. This reading can then be compared to a machining book to verify the pitch diameter.
Can you hook a water drain pipe to a 3'' sewer pipe and it be safe?
If you are talking about a roof water drain pipe to sewer it is illegal. If you are talking about a sink drain pipe well that is where they all connect to so yea.
What is the difference between a combi boiler and a multipoint heater?
Instantanoous multipoint water heaters : These provide hot water to multiple taps or appliances at the same time. when the hot tap is turned on, a powerful gas burner in the heater ignites. The incoming cold water is heated as it flows through a large heat exchanger located above the gas burner. The heat ecchanger heats up a large volume of water very rapidly. They do not supply hot water to a cental heating system. Combination boiler : These provide hot water to the central heating system and instantanious hot water to the tap. when the hot water tap is turned on all the heat is diverted to the heat exchanger to give a rapid responce. hope this is of some use. austin mod 6
What does steel billets 3sp means?
3sp is a russian standard grade for kind of steel with 0.14-0.22 carbon
0.15-0.30 si
0.45-0.60 mn
max 0.3 cr
What is the difference between auto and semi auto lathe?
In auto lathe machine, All the processes is automatic from the beginning to the end . Machine take working pieces from the workpiece box where all the pieces loaded initially,then all the processes done on the workpieces as per the command is given initially . final product comes out finally. But in semi lathe machine , all the work is same as automatic lathe but feed is not automatic it done by manually by technician .
What is the difference of GGG-40 and GGG-50 in butterfly valves?
The difference between the GGG-40 and GGG-50 butterfly valve is the suitable temperature. The GGG-40 is recommended for 45 degrees C to 150 degrees C and the GGG-50 is recommended for 35 degrees C to 130 degrees C.
Airplanes are usually towed out of the gate of an airport. This is because an aircraft can reverse normally. They do have reverse thrust but essentially it is just reversing the flow of exhaust from the engines so it slows the aircraft from going forward. Furthermore, reverse thrust is almost exclusively used on landings to slow the aircraft down, other than that, the aircraft no way to move backwards. So to compensate, extremely powerful tugs or push back tractors are used to move the airplane out of the gate.
Other times aircraft would be towed would be when they have trouble maneuvering in a small space. In this position, a vehicle meant for driving on the ground would be better suited than a plane.
Can a mechanical engineer do a masters in structural engineering?
Yes you can. You will have to complete any prerequisite coursework required if you have not done so already.
What is the difference between vent and anti siphonage pipe?
The pipe installed for the purpose of ventilation is known as a vent pipe while a pipe which is installed in a house drainage to preserve the water seal of trap is an anti-siphonage pipe.
What was the float plane used by James Bond in Man With The Golden Gun?
It was a Seabee, owned by Colonel Claire and has FAA Registry # N87545. After refusing to rent it to the Bond producers he offered to fly it to the location as long as he could fly it in the movie. Which he did. The real plane was not blown up but an Art Department mock-up was destroyed in its place. Colonel Claire was apparently injured during one take of him beaching the Seabee up onto the beach.
How to convert BHN to HRC for material?
Hardness Conversion Table
Tensile
Strength
(N/mm2)
Brinell Hardness
(BHN)
Vickers Hardness
(HV)
Rockwell
Hardness
(HRB)
Rockwell Hardness
(HRC)
285
86
90
320
95
100
56.2
350
105
110
62.3
385
114
120
66.7
415
124
130
71.2
450
133
140
75.0
480
143
150
78.7
510
152
160
81.7
545
162
170
85.0
575
171
180
87.1
610
181
190
89.5
640
190
200
91.5
675
199
210
93.5
705
209
220
95.0
740
219
230
96.7
770
228
240
98.1
800
238
250
99.5
820
242
255
23.1
850
252
265
24.8
880
261
275
26.4
900
266
280
27.1
930
276
290
28.5
950
280
295
29.2
995
295
310
31.0
1030
304
320
32.2
1060
314
330
33.3
1095
323
340
34.4
1125
333
350
35.5
1155
342
360
36.6
1190
352
370
37.7
1220
361
380
38.8
1255
371
390
39.8
1290
380
400
40.8
1320
390
410
41.8
1350
399
420
42.7
1385
409
430
43.6
1420
418
440
44.5
1455
428
450
45.3
1485
437
460
46.1
1520
447
470
46.9
1555
456
480
47.7
1595
466
490
48.4
1630
475
500
49.1
1665
485
510
49.8
1700
494
520
50.5
1740
504
530
51.1
1775
513
540
51.7
1810
523
550
52.3
1845
532
560
53.0
1880
542
570
53.6
1920
551
580
54.1
1955
561
590
54.7
1995
570
600
55.2
2030
580
610
55.7
2070
589
620
56.3
2105
599
630
56.8
2145
608
640
57.3
2180
618
650
57.8
What is the difference in X42 and X52 Pipe and are both coated?
X42 is 42000psi steel and x52 is 52000psi steel. They come either coated or uncoated.
Why is your manifold glowing red you have replaced the whole exhaust system and the o2 sensor?
Your valve timing is off
The o2 sensor is not reading properly causing the system to go very lean.
What is stagnation velocity of sound?
It is the speed of sound in a fluid at stagnation conditions. For example, if you have air flowing at some speed V with a temperature T and pressure P, the speed of sound in the air at those conditions will be = sqrt(kRT). k is the ratio of specific heats (approx. 1.4), R is the ideal gas constant for air (approx. 0.2870 kJ/kg/K). If that moving air hits an object and stagnates, the pressure, temperature, and density of the will increase to the stagnation conditions by an amount proportional to the air's initial velocity. The stagnation speed of sound will be the speed of the sound at those stagnation conditions (most importantly the speed of sound at the stagnation temperature).
What is the fire resistance rating for 8th inch steel plate?
Unprotected steel is generally not recognized as having a fire resistance rating.
You get a sr pipe everytime you buy a chicken meal at rajas. Good for black people:)