Mechanical Engineering

about 120,000 TW (terrawatts)
that's 120,000,000,000,000,000 TW
The planet itself sees about 352 watts/meter squared. The stratosphere sees much more, about 1366 watts/ meter squared. The rest of this energy is reflected back into space by our atmosphere.

Have you ever seen the video of the collapse of the Tacoma Narrows Bridge? The Tacoma Bridge was built in 1940. From the beginning, the bridge would form small waves like the surface of a body of water. This accidental behavior of the bridge brought many people who wanted to drive over this moving bridge. Most people thought that the bridge was safe despite the movement. However, about four months later, the oscillations (waves) became bigger. At one point, one edge of the road was 28 feet higher than the other edge. Finally, this bridge crashed into the water below. One explanation for the crash is that the oscillations of the bridge were caused by the frequency of the wind being too close to the natural frequency of the bridge. The natural frequency of the bridge is the eigenvalue of smallest magnitude of a system that models the bridge. This is why eigenvalues are very important to engineers when they analyze structures. (Differential Equations and Their Applications, , pp. ).

Car designers analyze eigenvalues in order to damp out the noise so that the occupants have a quiet ride. Eigenvalue analysis is also used in the design of car stereo systems so that the sounds are directed correctly for the listening pleasure of the passengers and driver. When you see a car that vibrates because of the loud booming music, think of eigenvalues. Eigenvalue analysis can indicate what needs to be changed to reduce the vibration of the car due to the music.

Eigenvalues can also be used to test for cracks or deformities in a solid. Can you imagine if every inch of every beam used in construction had to be tested? The problem is not as time consuming when eigenvalues are used. When a beam is struck, its natural frequencies (eigenvalues) can be heard. If the beam "rings," then it is not flawed. A dull sound will result from a flawed beam because the flaw causes the eigenvalues to change. Sensitive machines can be used to "see" and "hear" eigenvalues more precisely.

Oil companies frequently use eigenvalue analysis to explore land for oil. Oil, dirt, and other substances all give rise to linear systems which have different eigenvalues, so eigenvalue analysis can give a good indication of where oil reserves are located. Oil companies place probes around a site to pick up the waves that result from a huge truck used to vibrate the ground. The waves are changed as they pass through the different substances in the ground. The analysis of these waves directs the oil companies to possible drilling sites.

Eigenvalues are not only used to explain natural occurrences, but also to discover new and better designs for the future. Some of the results are quite surprising. If you were asked to build the strongest column that you could to support the weight of a roof using only a specified amount of material, what shape would that column take? Most of us would build a cylinder like most other columns that we have seen. However, Steve Cox of Rice University and Michael Overton of New York University proved, based on the work of J. Keller and I. Tadjbakhsh, that the column would be stronger if it was largest at the top, middle, and bottom. At the points of the way from either end, the column could be smaller because the column would not naturally buckle there anyway.
Does that surprise you? This new design was discovered through the study of the eigenvalues of the system involving the column and the weight from above. Note that this column would not be the strongest design if any significant pressure came from the side, but when a column supports a roof, the vast majority of the pressure comes directly from above.

Ready to parlay your knowledge of linear algebra into fame and fortune? Read "The 25,000,000,000 Eigenvector: The Linear Algebra Behind Google". (the seventh link below)

Yes, Mild steel has a property of malleability, it completely depends on its chemistry. If you have an option to choose the chemical composition, you must choose lower carbon, Manganese content.

We use machines because it saves us time doing it ourself, and if we use machines it will save us time XD

Many principles are used in hydraulic systems the basic being the Pascal's law

The pressure inside a closed cylinder when engine cranking varis based on engine starter motor speed. The manufacturer designs the engine with what is known as the compression ratio, this means the piston sweeps the volume of the cylinder compressing the air and fuel as it reaches top dead centre. The amount of pressure in a cylinder is not that important provided all cylinders are even, and the cylinder leakage is not excessive. Each manufacturer will have their own specifications for each engine they design.

Springs are used to store mechanical energy. Tension/extension springs get longer as force is applied (seen in trampoline springs), compression springs get shorter as force is applied (seen in bed springs), and torsion springs rotate through an angle as force is applied (seen in clocks).

The reason why it is called a barometric condenser is because it makes contact and it is a long vertical pipe into which it condensates and cools the liquid flow to accomplish the removal of pressure. It is also stated that when the pump is used the system is called a low level barometric condenser.

A manometer is a device for measuring pressures, especially the word is used for pressure meters that are constructed to use a liquid in a transparent U-tube.

A peizometer is specifically about measuring pressures in ground water wells.

As a rocket descends, gravity is pulling it down whilst drag is stopping the gravity having some of its power because without the drag the rocket would be pulled down to the ground within a matter of seconds.

I don't know how it affects it on its ascent!!

Sorry!!

200 bhn max.

Simplest example I can think of is possibly an automatic door, where the pneumatics are pushed along, operating the valve which opens the door. Where a pilot makes it return to its original position.

Everybody used to call it "stick welding". MMAW Manual Metal Arc Welding is the correct nomenclature. The "sticks" are electrodes held in an electrode holder connected to a power supply. Establish an arc between the end of the electrode and the metal and move across the joint. As you weld the electrode is consumed. Discard the "stub", insert a new electrode and continue.

Overaging usually pertains to an alloy that has been "overaged" meaning an alloy that is aged to long so that coarsening has taken place. Aging time and temperature determine the size and number of precipitates. Onset of coursing the large precipitates grow at the expense of small precipitates. Under ageing and/or overaging alloys have hardness and strenght less then the maximum possible.

According to Bernoulli's principle, the sum of static, velocity and kinetic heads at two points in a fluid flow should be equal, assuming steady state. A manometer measures static head through the height of fluid at two points. Hence, it would be apt to say that manometer is an application of hydrostatic measurement.

To throttle the medium being used as a globe is NOT a positive shut off

A globe valve is a type of valve used for regulating flow in a pipeline, consisting of a movable disk-type element and a stationary ring seat in a generally spherical body.

For example, globe valves or valves with a similar mechanism may be used as sampling valves, which are normally shut except when liquid samples are being taken. Since the baffle restricts flow, they're not recommended where full, unobstructed flow is required.

Mechanical looseness, misalignment of internal bearings, misalignment to or from a driven load, bent or distorted rotating components, failed bearings, worn bearing housings, worn bearing journals, misalignment of rabbet fits, improper mounting, soft foot, structural defects in mounting hardware or surfaces, dynamic balance of all rotating components, conflicts with natural frequencies in the area of or connected to the device.

Production method is different. Cold rolling method and different.

only on the out side of the car but this isn't conventional plastic it is a plastic like reinforced carbon fiber which is useful because its light and strong but right now is quite expensive but in the future i think more cars will be made out of plastics like carbon fiber so yes i think in future more cars will be made out of carbon fiber.

Meters per second x 3.28 = feet per second.

There are numerous types of valves. Each has a specific function and usage and differs from the others. From seismic , to pressure they can be specialized or simple in function. A valves purpose is to allow, stop, or reduce flow of a substance thru a pipe. Most common valves on homes would be gate and ball valves. In order to learn which valves are best for your application, consult a professional. types below, that i can think of off the top of my head, there are more i am sure.

-ball

gate

mixing

pressure

reducing

butterfly

cocks

angle

temperature

seismic

ansul

backflow

check

1.Universal Group of Institutions, Lalru (Mohali)

2.Indo Global Colleges, Abhipur (Mohali)

3.PEC CHANDIGARH (Excluding Punjab)

4.Thapar university, Patiala

5.SHAHEED UDHAM SINGH COLLEGE OF ENGG.AND TECHNOLOGY (MOHALI)

6.GNDU (main campus), Amritsar

7.GNDEC, Ludhiana

8.NIT, Jalandhar

9.DAVIET, Jalandhar

10.LPU,Phagwara(Jallandhar)

11.BSIET,Gurdaspur

12.GZSIET ,Bhainda

Control of the active power supplied

by the generator to an interconnected

network

• Control of network frequency on an

isolated electrical network

• Protection of the unit against over speed

in case of load rejection

In modern Combined Cycle Power Stations, the exhaust gas from Gas Turbines, which contains significant amount of heat energy is diverted to water boilers to generate steam which in turn runs Steam Turbines. Usually Two or Three GT's exhaust gas is used to run a ST.

The significance of this is that, the otherwise wasted exhaust heat is intelligently used to generate power, thereby pushing the efficiency of a single GT of 25-30 % to a combined cycle efficiency of about 45-50 %.

Alternatively in some industries, the exhaust gas can also be used for process heating requirements.

Screw Pitch is defined as the axial distance between threads. One complete revolution of the screw will move it into an object the distance of the pitch. The smaller the pitch, the greater the mechanical advantage (ability to do work) achieved.