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Nerves

Nerves are thread-like structures that form a network of pathways that transmit information from the brain to the body and the body to the brain, in the form of electrical impulses.

1,605 Questions

What is gap between pedicles of podocytes called?

Filtration Slits.

They allow water, glucose, vitamins, amino acids, small plamsa proteins, ammonia, urea, and ions to pass.

What mechanism helps keep the neuron membrane at its resting potential?

The resting membrane potential for a nerve cell is usually between -60mV to -75mV. This means that the inside of the cell is between 60 and 75 millivolts more negative than the outside of the cell.

Keeping this level of negativity is chiefly accomplished by controlling the concentration of positive sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ions within the cell. Generally, Na+ will try to enter the cell and K+ will try to leave the cell. They can do this over time because the channels they use to pass through the cell membrane are leaky.

Therefore the cell needs to actively pump Na+ out and K+ in. A special group of proteins in the nerve cell membrane compose the sodium-potassium pump (Na/K pump). This pump does the job of pumping Na+ out and K+ in. However, because we want to keep the inside of the cell more negative than the outside, the pump generally pumps out three Na+ ions for every two K+ ions it brings in to the cell. Since both Na+ and K+ are positively charged ions, this means the pump brings in only two positively charged particles into the cell for every three positively charged particles it removes. Thus the resting membrane potential remains negative.

What is an auditory stimalation?

Auditory stimulation is stimulation by sound. An example would be your reaction to someone sneaking up behind you and loudly clapping their hands. The stimulation would be the sound. Your reaction would probably be to become startled or jump.

List and define the three types of synapses?

chemical synapse operation at the transmitter

Electrical Ionic Flow. At the synapse the following things happen Divergence and synaptic neuron

Describe the equilibrium potential of an element?

Is a condition in which the concentration of a substance is equal throughout a space.

What nerves connect directly to the brain?

most, if not all, nerves connect to the spinal cord, which is an extremely large nerve that conncts to the brain.

Why do nerves form a network all over the body?

Nerves are the things that carries information from the body to the brain (is it hot, cold, windy, is anything hurting, is the arm bent or straight etc etc) and commands from the brain to the body. (move that leg, breathe, look left etc)

If nerves didn't reach the whole body there'd be parts of it we couldn't control and wouldn't know what was happening to it.

Helmholtz's experiment with the frog's nerve indicated that the speed of the nervous impulse was?

Conduction velocities are specific to each person and depend largely on an axon's diameter and the degree to which that axon is myelinated. Some myelinated neurons conducting at speeds up to 120 m/s (432 km/h).

Is soft focus a technical term or descriptive term?

I say it could be used either way. Years ago, they actually made "soft focus" lenses for portraiture. Imagine, a lens with a "defect" built in on purpose! These days, people used various types of filters to replicate the effect. Therein lies the technical use of the term.

If one describes an image taken in this fashion, I suggest it becomes descriptive in nature.

What is the difference between motor nerve and sensory nerve and association or connector nerves?

  • Motor neurons move signals from the central nervous system to a central organ or point, which in this case are muscle and gland cells. This signal makes the cells contract and allow for physical movement (locomotion and other movements such as from the face or the neck). Motor nerves contain axons of somatic and branchial motoneurons. Sensory neurons move signals from the central organ or point to the central nervous system. They receive sensory stimuli and sends the information to the CNS in order to experience how something feels and if it is painful, smooth, rough etc. They are made of sensory fibers: mechanoreceptors fibers that sense body movement and pressure placed against the body and nociceptor fibers that sense tissue injury.
  • Association Nerves are neurons found in the brain and spinal cord that conduct impulses between neurons such as from afferent to efferent neurons. Called also interneurons. Connector Nerves process information that is being sent between the body, brain and spinal cord. The connector neuron

The amount of neurotransmitter released at a synapse is controlled by?

The amount of calcium ions which come into the axon terminal after an action potential arrives, which depends in part upon the concentration of calcium ions inside and outside the neuron, and also upon the amplitude and shape of the arriving action potential (short duration AP spend less time above the Ca ion gate activation threshold, resulting in fewer gates being opened, therefore less Ca allowed in).

What is the technical term for a nudist colony?

The proper terms these days are :

Naturist Resort

Naturist Club (either one that is located somewhere or that has meetings in different special locations).

Naturist Beach

Naturist Park (Nudist still is used but the other term is more accepted now.) Some countries even have Naturist Cities. (Just dont call it The Naked City or you'll see some frowns!)

How is a synaptic transmission terminated?

Synaptic transmission is terminated primarily through the reuptake of neurotransmitters by the presynaptic neuron, where they are repackaged into vesicles or broken down by enzymes. Additionally, neurotransmitters can be degraded by specific enzymes in the synaptic cleft, such as acetylcholinesterase for acetylcholine. Another mechanism involves the diffusion of neurotransmitters away from the synaptic cleft, reducing their concentration and effect on the postsynaptic receptors. Collectively, these processes ensure that the signal is brief and precisely regulated.

How does the nerve pathway go for s1 nerve?

The nerve pathway travels down from the s1 spine. If the nerve root at the s1 is impinged or herniated, symptoms of sciatica can appear.