Oceans and Seas

Both the ocean trench and mid-ocean ridge are features found on the ocean floor as part of the oceanic crust. They are formed by tectonic processes, with ocean trenches created by the subduction of one tectonic plate beneath another, while mid-ocean ridges are formed by the divergence of tectonic plates, leading to the upwelling of magma and the creation of new oceanic crust.

A deep crack in the earth's surface is a fault

It can also be a joint.

The Black Sea is estimated to be around 22 million years old.

it represents the fact that the magnetic poles of the Earth must "flip" from time to time - the iron in the magma that cools to become the ocean floor aligns with the poles so stripping would show that the poles have changed direction over time. Some scientists suggest the times when the poles "flip" match up with cataclysmic events in the Earths geologic history.

When sea level rises, it can lead to coastal flooding, erosion of coastlines, and saltwater intrusion into freshwater sources. If the land sinks due to subsidence or other factors, it can exacerbate the impacts of rising sea levels, increasing the risk of flooding and other coastal hazards.

Tsunami warning systems may not work due to technical failures, lack of maintenance, inadequate funding, or human error. In remote or underdeveloped areas, there may be a lack of infrastructure to support an effective warning system. Additionally, communication challenges or delays can also hinder the timely dissemination of warnings.

The mid-ocean ridge is a divergent plate boundary where tectonic plates are moving away from each other. As the plates separate, magma rises to the surface, creating new oceanic crust.

In short: no. Tides are the result of the moon's gravitational pull on the earth. It pulls equally on everything, but the water can move and so it moves in the direction of the pull.

Tides will be more noticeable in some places than others, though. In small bodies of water the tides are hardly noticeable. The highest tides in the world are at the Bay of Fundy, where the shape of the body of water (probably) contributes to the high tides. In other places the tidal range is almost zero. This is called an amphidromic point. Similarly, in these places, the shape of the body of water and the flow of the currents nearly zeros out the tidal effect.

Yes, ice can form in ocean water. However, it must be colder than 0 degrees Celsius or 32 degrees Fahrenheit.

The salt in the ocean water inhibits freezing and makes ocean water freeze at a colder temperature than fresh water.

In fact, it must be approximately -2 degrees Celsius (or 31 degrees Fahrenheit) for most ocean water to freeze if it is perfectly still. If the water is rough or moving, it must be colder.
Small Addition/sidenote (AY12345): Ocean water is a solution of salt water. Whenever a salt is present in water, the freezing point lowers due to the presence of ions (this phenomenon is known as freezing point depression). A good application of this is during winter. When the roads are slick with snow/ice, salt is usually placed on roads to prevent further freezing.

No, most of the dissolved salts in the oceans come from natural processes such as weathering of rocks and volcanic activity. Human activities do contribute some salts to the oceans, primarily through industrial and agricultural runoff, but they are not the primary source.

Amphibians evolved to inhabit the land and water, adapting to both environments. Their ancestors did not possess the necessary adaptations for living in the open ocean, such as the ability to maintain salt balance and withstand high-pressure environments. As a result, they did not evolve to become sea-dwelling creatures.

Pacific Ocean to the West, Atlantic Ocean to the East of Philippines

btw the Arctic Ocean is to the North i believe. If it is not correct i am very sorry

Ocean currents can impact organisms in various ways. For example, they can transport food sources and larvae, affecting feeding and reproduction patterns. They can also contribute to the distribution of nutrients and oxygen, influencing the growth and survival of marine life. Additionally, currents can help move organisms to different habitats or locations, influencing their life cycles and behavior.

The majority of rainwater ends up flowing into rivers, lakes, and oceans. Some of it evaporates back into the atmosphere, while some is absorbed by the ground and vegetation. Ultimately, it plays a crucial role in the water cycle and replenishes sources of fresh water.

It depends on the region. Globally, about 80% of energy comes from non-renewable sources like fossil fuels. In some countries, the percentage may be lower due to higher use of renewable sources like hydroelectric, wind, and solar power.

Salt water from the ocean can intrude into estuaries, making the water more saline. This can impact the estuarine ecosystem by affecting the distribution and abundance of plants and animals that inhabit the area. Some species may thrive with more salt in the water, while others may be negatively affected.

Seaweed is not an omnivore. Seaweed is a type of algae that obtains energy through photosynthesis, using sunlight to convert carbon dioxide into sugars. So, seaweed is considered a producer in the food chain, rather than a consumer like omnivores.

The Gulf Stream keeps regions warm by transferring heat from the tropics to higher latitudes. As the warm water travels north, it releases heat into the atmosphere, warming the air above it. This warm air then influences the climate of the surrounding regions, keeping them relatively mild in temperature.

The Indian Ocean tsunami impacted almost every country around the Indian Ocean. Worst hit were Indonesia, Thailand, India, and Sri Lanka, but there was damage as far away as Madagascar and Mozambique.

The climate in coastal areas along the Arctic Ocean is typically cold, with temperatures staying below freezing for much of the year. These areas also experience strong winds, fog, and high humidity due to their proximity to the ocean. Seasonal ice cover can influence local climate patterns, affecting temperatures and precipitation.

The age of rock increases with distance from mid-ocean ridges. At the ridges, new oceanic crust is formed through volcanic activity, which is young. As the crust moves away from the ridges, it cools and becomes older. This process is known as seafloor spreading.

Igneous rock is formed through the cooling and solidification of magma or lava. Lava refers both to molten rock expelled by a volcano during an eruption and the resulting rock after solidification and cooling.

Some minerals being discovered in the continental shelf include manganese nodules, cobalt-rich ferromanganese crusts, polymetallic sulfides, and rare earth elements. These minerals have attracted interest due to their potential economic value and increasing demand in various industries.

Widespread use of drift nets can have significant negative impacts on the ocean ecosystem. These nets can ensnare not only the targeted fish but also other marine species, such as turtles, marine mammals, and birds, leading to bycatch and harm to populations. Additionally, the physical structure of the nets can damage sensitive habitats like coral reefs and seagrass beds.

Ocean currents and winds can affect temperature by transferring heat energy from one place to another. Warm ocean currents can bring higher temperatures to coastal areas, while cold ocean currents can cool the air above them. Similarly, winds can transport warm or cold air masses, influencing the temperature of a region.