Operating Systems

Most modern operating systems are built around a kernel, but this has not always been the case. Most early operating systems did not make such a division of function.

This varies widely from one OS to another.

As with many other things it is commonly whatever the market will bear, as in general a computer without an operating system won't do much useful work.

However there are opensource OSs (e.g. Linux, OpenVMS) that can be obtained free or at very low cost.

u know man, i find it all over the net and i dont understand single thing about it..

like the India people says.. FAKE!!

The OS that change all the time is Linux, and most of what MS Windows supplies was first made on a Linux variant.

Ubuntu is working on a new concept - Unify, is worth looking at.

I don't think so.

This is not needed

Yes. Apple has released Boot Camp, a program that allows one to easily install Windows XP or Vista on an Intel Mac. Various Linux distros, FreeBSD, NetBSD, and OpenBSD also run on Macs.

A program, to be executed, must be brought to main memory. The instructions that use addresses in a program, must be bound to proper address space in main memory. Address binding is a scheme that performs this job. It can be thought as a mapping from one address space to another. There are bindings available as follows: Compile time binding Load time binding Execution time binding

Actually it's the other way around. You require different compilers for different operating systems. The reason for this is that an operating system is basically an intermediate step for a person to be able to interact with the hardware on their system. Each OS has a different way to do this, and so compilers must be different for each one, even for the same language.

No, sorry. Photoshop deals with editing pictures. You can make animations too, but not anything interactive. Drarkis.

|Generally, yes. There may be exceptions

DDL statements -Data Definition Language It is used to Retrive,Store,Modify,Delete,Insert,update data in database. 1) Create 2) Alter 3) Drop DML Statements.-Data Manipulation Languag It is used to create and modify the structure of database objects in database. 1) Insert 2) Update 3) Delete 4) select DCL statements-Data Control Language It is used to create roles, permissions, and referential integrity as well it is used to control access to database by securing it. 1) GRANT 2) REVOKE TCL-Transactional Control Language It is used to manage different transactions occurring within a database. 1) COMMIT 2) ROLLBACK 3) Save point DQL-Data Query Language basicallu used for select data from table... 1) SELECT

* Windows: Everything is presented to user graphically * Mac OSX * Linux running xWindows

utility

System calls are used whenever a program needs to access a restricted resource, eg a file on the hard disk, any hardware device, or when it needs to print or draw to the screen

Practically all of them have O.S's, as I doubt that most people will ever see one without some mac o.s on it or xp or vista on it. However, all stock machines that are loaded/downloaded/installed with programs/software,etc come without operating systems. I have seen my share of them, as I used to work for a computer store myself, though DOS is nothing to brag about, unless you are some nerdy IBM veteran that designed it.

Yes,

Windows and Linux can be on the same machine. You have to look at Linux FAQ's to determine which to install first as I don't remember. The point is that it isn't difficult and it isn't crazy.

To switch the machine has to be rebooted. There was an effort to have an emulator under Linux (e.g. WINE) to run a windows session in a Linux window. I don't know the status but you take a performance hit

There are commercial products for running different OS's from within Windows, do a google search. These are availablke for the MacOS as well

The latest versiuon of OSX is claimed to be able to run windows as a built in feature. Go to apple.com to find out

good luck

Technically, no. However, as a in user, you could do anything without messing something up without an O.S. That is why any computer that you buy comes with a xp or vista (windows) CD or with the operating system already installed. I guess the answer is technically yes, but not really!

Multiprocessing is based on the fact that computers work much faster than humans. While you type a sentence on your word processor, the computer is doing nothing, waiting for you to hit the 'save' key, or the spellchecker. Because many people want to do as many things at the same time as possible, modern operating systems are designed to be able to have several programs working at the same time. Thus, while a person is surfing the Web, their email program is checking for new mail. Macintosh was the first multitasking operating system for home computers, followed shortly by Windows. Every window that is open in Windows is a separate application as far as the central processer is concerned, and each one is given a certain amount of processer time to perform whatever processing is needed.

Until recently, the processers in home computers were not fast enough to be able to multitask without a noticable slowing down of the applications. Playing a CD while accessing the hard drive resulted in choppy audio, and slow refresh times on the moniter. However, new proccesers are so fast that many different applications have to be active before any noticable slowdown occurs.

Unix, Linux, windows and compilers etc.

no, why donff 0-gf3tr9-u= GO DIE! I AM ANNOYED WITH STUPID PEOPLE LIKE YOUR MUM

The most recent Windows operating system was released on October 26, 2012. It was Windows 8, NT 6.2 (Build 9200). Since then NT 6.3 (Build 9364) has been released.

A form of operating system (OS) is used in almost all contemporary embedded systems. This indicates that choosing that OS usually happens early in the design phase. This selection process presents difficulties for numerous developers.

One example of a time-sharing system is the bank's bankcard system, which allows hundreds of people to access the same program on the mainframe at the same time.

The Multics & Unix operating systems are time sharing Operating Systems