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Swine Flu (H1N1/09)

The 2009 Pandemic Swine Flu, A-H1N1/09, the Type A influenza virus that was first identified in the early spring of 2009 in Mexico and then spread world wide to become a true Pandemic by June 2009. Different from other current seasonal strains of H1N1, and also not the same Swine Flu from prior epidemics or outbreaks (like in 1976), it is known by many different names in different places and settings, such as: H1N1, Novel H1N1, A/California/7/2009 (H1N1)v-like virus, la grippe porcine, The Mexican Flu, la epidemia, Schweinegrippe, and SOIV (Swine Origin Influenza Virus).

1,816 Questions

How does a latent virus reproduce?

A latent virus remains dormant in the host cell without actively reproducing. When triggered by certain factors, such as stress or a weakened immune system, the virus can reactivate and begin replicating in the host cell to produce new viral particles.

What is a single cell virus particle called?

A single cell virus particle is called a virion. It consists of genetic material enclosed in a protein coat.

The viral reproductive cycle in which a phage injects its DNA into a host cell and uses the cell's metabolic machinery to produce new phages which then causes the cell to rupture is called what cycle?

The viral reproductive cycle you are describing is called the lytic cycle. In this cycle, the phage hijacks the host cell's machinery to replicate itself, leading to the destruction of the host cell when it bursts open to release new phages.

Can plants grow in hand sanitizer?

My eighth grade students conducted a science experiment for which they tested the effects of a variety of additives to the soil of bean plants that had already germinated in water.

I don't remember all of them, but what was surprising to everyone was that the plant that had hand sanitizer added to the soil was stronger, healthier, and bigger than the one fed on water alone.

What type of immune cells are in the Swine Flu?

None. Swine flu is an illness caused by the pathogen known now as swine flu virus, A-H1N1/09 influenza. The illness contains no immune cells, nor does the virus. Your body responds to the presence of the virus with an immune response that sends your own immune cells to the area of your body where the flu virus has invaded. It is your body's immune cells that enter the "fight" and eventually get rid of the virus by constructing the type of immune cells called antibodies that are a perfect fit to inactivate the specific virus so it can no longer cause cell damage and symptoms of the flu. Your body then remembers the antibodies that worked to inactivate the virus so it can use them in the future if you are ever exposed to that virus again.

Why does influenza virus cause recurrent infections?

The influenza virus doesn't always cause recurrent infections. There are many different strains of the flu and there are two types, which are Type A ad Type B. The flu is a virus that has to run its course.

Can you kill a plant with hand sanitizer?

It is possible to harm a plant by applying hand sanitizer to its leaves or roots, as the alcohol in the sanitizer can dehydrate and damage plant tissues. However, killing the plant would likely require repeated or excessive applications. It's generally best to avoid using hand sanitizer on plants.

Can you gain passive immunity against H1N1?

Theoretically it is possible to get antibodies from the serum of recovered patient of H1N1. But it will be available in very less quantity. Second question is to whom you will give these antibodies. Thirdly the protection will not be lasting. As this is passive immunity.

Why is it easier to make drugs that fight bacteria than viruses?

It is easier to make drugs that fight bacteria because bacteria are prokaryotic cells with distinct structures that can be targeted by antibiotics, whereas viruses are not fully living organisms and rely on host cells to replicate, making them harder to target without harming host cells. Additionally, bacteria have more varied metabolic pathways and cellular processes that can be targeted by drugs, while viruses have simpler structures and are harder to develop drugs against.

Can germs make Swine Flu?

Yes, there are different types of germs, and viruses are one of them. Viruses cause the flu and swine flu is one type. Germ is a general lay term for an infectious agent that causes disease, similar to the general term pathogen. Pathogens cause illness or disease. Another term used is microbe, although many scientists in the field do not classify viruses as microbes because they are not living organisms, however, for a lack of a better term, viruses are still often called microbes. Viruses are also not microscopic like microbes, they are even much smaller and are considered sub-microscopic, requiring an electron microscope to visualize.

What do the 'H' and 'N' stand for in influenza viruses?

hemaglutinin and neuraminidase, two surface glycoproteins of influenza that contribute the the virulence of the disease...

What are hormones that make cells resistant to viruses?

Interferons are a group of signaling proteins released by cells in response to viral infections. They help to induce a state of resistance in neighboring cells, making them less susceptible to viral replication and spread. Additionally, some hormones like cortisol can also play a role in modulating the immune response against viruses.

A key characteristic of pandemic influenzas is that they?

They are rapidly spreading, easily transmitted from human to human, have the ability to mutate rapidly, and they usually spread in several waves before they die out.

All viruses require organic material for growth?

Viruses cannot grow or replicate on their own as they lack the necessary cellular machinery. They require a host cell to replicate and produce more virus particles. Once they infect a host cell, they hijack the cell's machinery to make more copies of themselves.

What is the purpose of the lytic pathway?

Viral reproduction. See more in the related questions below.

Are the microbes that are injected in a vaccination dead or alive?

They can be either. Some vaccines are made with dead viruses or particles of viruses and other vaccines are made with attenuated (weakened) viruses that are not able to make an otherwise healthy person sick. In 2009 the swine flu vaccine approved for use in the US was prepared both ways, the nasal flu vaccine was made from attenuated viruses and the shots were made with dead viruses.

How deadly is influenza?

Some are very deadly such as Avian (Bird) Flu which has a 50% to 60% mortality rate but, thankfully, it is rare overall and not transmitted from person to person except very rarely. Others are much less deadly, such as H1N1/09, but in that specific flu, it is very easily transmitted from person to person, so while it kills fewer than seasonal flu, there are many more people infected causing other impacts to society.

The mortality rates in H1N1/09 (Swine Flu) from the start in April 2009 to February 2010, caused in the US approximately 57 million cases of A-H1N1/09 Pandemic Swine Flu and approximately 11,690 resulting deaths. Based upon this, an estimate of the mortality rate in the US from the pandemic "Swine Flu" is 0.02%.

In comparison, the CDC and World Health Organization (WHO) have estimated that with seasonal flu, "we see over 30 million cases in the United States. We see 200,000 hospitalizations and, on average, 36,000 deaths." (During the entire fall and winter flu season.) Based upon this, the average mortality rate of seasonal flu in the US would be 0.12 %.

What can viruses do inside a living cell?

Viruses can replicate inside a living cell by hijacking the cell's machinery to make more copies of themselves. They can cause infections by disrupting the cell's normal functions, leading to symptoms of illness. Additionally, some viruses can integrate their genetic material into the host cell's DNA, potentially leading to long-term effects or disease.

Is the H1N1 bacteria?

H1N1 refers to a subtype of the influenza virus, not a bacteria. Influenza viruses can cause respiratory illness in humans and animals. It is important to note that viruses and bacteria are different types of microorganisms that can cause different types of infections.

Why would it not be advantageous for a virus to kill its host?

It would not be advantageous for a virus to kill its host because if the host dies, the virus would also die since it needs the host to replicate and spread. It is more beneficial for a virus to keep the host alive so it can continue to infect other individuals.

Viruses cannot do what?

They can not reproduce without a host as reproductive vector. They have no metabolism and do not preform cellular functions. Viruses are genetic material enclosed in a protein capsid.

Which is the correct order of phases of the lytic cycle?

Lysogeny is characterized by integration of the bacteriophage nucleic acid into the host bacterium's genome. The newly integrated genetic material, called a prophage can be transmitted to daughter cells at each subsequent cell division, and a later event (such as UV radiation) can release it, causing proliferation of new phages via the lytic cycle.

Definition: viral life cycle in which viral genes insert themselves into the chromosomes of the host cell where they may remain dormant for some time before becoming active.

When a virus invades a living cell what takes over the cells functions?

When a virus invades a living cell, it uses the cell's machinery to replicate itself. The virus takes over the cell's functions by hijacking its cellular processes, such as protein synthesis and replication, to produce more viruses. This ultimately leads to the destruction of the host cell.

Is lytic cycle a virus or a bacteria?

The lytic cycle is a process that viruses use to replicate within a host cell. It is not a characteristic of bacteria.

What is the cause of influenza AH1N1?

the causes of swine fluenza are pigs only kidding imonly tweleve and researching this subject my self so suck on that hahahahaha the causes of swine fluenza are pigs only kidding imonly tweleve and researching this subject my self so suck on that hahahahaha