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Topology

While geometry is primarily concerned with the mathematical properties of spatial objects, topology is concerned with the mathematical properties of those objects under continuous deformations. Please post all questions about topological subjects like homeomorphisms, manifolds, convergence, and connectedness, as well as their broad applications in computing, physics, and graph theory, into this category.

1,087 Questions

Explain various advantages of delegation?

1. To reduce the burden and stress of the top managers due to physical and mental limitations 2. Routine work should be delegated so that top managers have more time to do planning 3. Delegation is a way of training and motivating subordinates 4. There is a need for specialization and division of work

What is a dual counter-rotating ring topology and how is it configured?

Consists of having two rings the outer ring or the primary and an inner ring or secondary ring, Data flows counterclockwise on the primary or outer ring and clockwise on the secondary or inner ring.

How do you define an upper bound of a subset?

Let B, ≤ be a partially ordered set and let C⊂ B with c Є C. Then the element bЄ B is an upper bound for C if c ≤ bfor each c Є C.

See related links for more information.

What are the different fluid measurements?

That depends wether you are in the metric system or the system used by the US. In the US the mesurtements are Ounces, Pints, Quarts, and Gallons

Advantages of a line topology?

The advantage is that you can hook things up all together. It allows different computers and technology to communicate with each other.

Which statements describe the logical token-passing topology?

Computers are allowed to transmit data only when they possess a token.

Electronic tokens are passed sequentially to each other.

How do you define a metric space through the use of sets?

The concept of a distance, or metric, between the elements of a set is well defined in topology. Let B be any set with x, y, z Є B, and let D be a function from the Cartesian product, B X B, into the set of real numbers, R. D is called a metric on B if the following four statements hold:

1) D(x,y) ≥ 0 for all x, y

2) D(x,y) = D(y,x) for all x, y

3) D(x,y) = 0 if and only if x = yfor all x, y

4) D(x,y) + D(y,z) ≥ D(x,z) for all x, y, z

In this case, the set B having metric D is called a metric space, and is often notated as B, D.

For more information and related definitions, see the links below.

How does lan architecture differ from a lan topology?

The LAN Topology is only one of the parts that make up a LAN Architecture. The Topology refers to the way the components in a network are physically connected and the most common Topologies in Ethernet are: Bus, Token Ring, and Star. Bus consists of a single cable segment with all the components connected to that single cable with T-connectors; Token Ring consists of, as the name implies, a cable ring to which all the components are connected and in which data flows in one direction except in the case of an interruption in the ring caused by a computer being down and a token is passed between the computers with whomever holds the token having transmit priority; the last and most currently used is the Star Topology in which all the components are connected to a switch that controls traffic between them. The Architecture encompasses more than just the Topology, defining the type of media (Twisted Pair/Fiber Optic) used to transmit the data, the speed of the transmission, the type of signal (base or broadband), and the maximum length of a segment of cable. Look up IEEE Ethernet Standards for Wired Networks for more information. Whoever answered this question before saying there's no difference has no idea what they're talking about, take it from someone who is studying Information Systems in business and is taking a test on precisely this subject in a LAN class the day after writing this. I hope I answered your question satisfactorily.

Which network topology is secure?

Mesh topology is the most secure topology bcoz in mesh topology each device has a dedicated link to others .

What type of topology is used in common computer labs?

If it is for a school then there may not be more than 15 students per batch, so depending upon the no of desktops one can go for bus topology since, it is faster, easy to install and cheaper and there is no issue of middle device like switch of hub.

What topology does the cable tv wan use?

Cable TV WANs use a distributed architecture that consists of several star-shaped centralized locations. The focal point in the star is the head-end, which is the central receiving point for signals from various sources, including satellite, other major cable sources, and local television sources. The head-end is a grouping of antennas, cable connections, microwave towers, satellite dishes, and it distills all incoming signal sources and transfers them to remote distribution centers through trunk line.

Show that the natural set of numbers is an unbounded set?

Here is a correct proof by contradiction.

Assume that the natural numbers are bounded, then there exists a least upper bound in the real numbers, call it x, such that n ≤ x for all n.

Consider x - 1. Since x is the least upper bound, then x - 1 is not an upper bound; i.e. there exists a specific n such that x - 1 < n.

But then, x - 1 < n implies x < n + 1, hence x is not an upper bound.

QED

This concludes the proof; i.e. there exists no upper bound in the real numbers for the set of natural numbers.

P.S. There exists sets in which the set of natural numbers are bounded, but these are not in the real number system.

How can a physically connected star hub logically be considered a bus network?

in the star topology central system switch or hub act as a central devices and if it fails whole the system will fail, in star topology if one station only transmit at a time other wise the collision will occur and it will broadcast the data like a bus.so it contains the properties like bus that's why said that it is logically a bus

How does star topology connect to other topology by switch hub and router how does star topology connect with other topology with such router and hubs?

In a star topology, all devices are connected to a central hub or switch, which manages data traffic between them. When integrating with other topologies, such as bus or ring, a router can be used to connect different network segments, allowing communication across diverse network structures. The central hub or switch facilitates easy management and troubleshooting, while the router enables data routing between multiple topologies, ensuring seamless connectivity. This setup enhances network flexibility and scalability.