Ancient Greece

Ancient Greek theatre was subject to certain forms of censorship, particularly in relation to political and social norms. Plays often addressed contemporary issues, and playwrights could face backlash or limitations from the state if their works were deemed too critical of the government or societal values. However, the relatively open nature of the festival settings allowed for a level of artistic expression, and some playwrights, like Aristophanes, famously used satire to critique authority. Overall, while there were constraints, the degree of censorship varied and was not as rigid as in some later periods.

The Greek Mainland (Thrace, Epirus, Boetia, Attica, and the Peloponnesus) is among the most mountainous and hilly land in all of Europe, making land travel between the city-state minimal. It also directed their efforts away from expanding their influence primarily over land. Conversely, as most of the city-states were relatively close to the water, especially those found on Crete, Cyprus, the Dodecanese Islands, or Cycladic Islands, Greek city-states favored marine travel which was more reliable and cost-effective than land travel. As a result, many city-states had strong navies as opposed to having strong armies. (Sparta is the one major exception to that rule.)

The first thing you would do is state what 'this' source is.

The Athenian polis means the city of Athens. It also means the males that were allowed to vote. Women and slaves were not allowed any rights.

Merchant ships in ancient Greece faced several challenges, including treacherous weather conditions such as storms and strong currents that could threaten their journeys. They also navigated dangerous waters filled with rocks and reefs, which required skilled seamanship. Additionally, the risk of piracy was significant, as pirates targeted merchant vessels to steal cargo. Finally, the limited technology of the time made long-distance navigation difficult, often leading to delays and uncertainty in trade routes.

The wealthiest Greek city-state was Athens, particularly during the 5th century BCE, a period known as the Golden Age. Its prosperity stemmed from a combination of factors, including its powerful navy, extensive trade networks, and the extraction of silver from the Laurion mines. The Delian League, an alliance of city-states led by Athens, also contributed to its wealth and influence. This economic strength allowed Athens to flourish in arts, culture, and democracy.

The serrations, depending on how many and how deep the groove, change the pitch of the instrument.

sparta

Yes, the Aphrodisia, Adonia, Hysteria and Anagogia.

The Athenian empire versus an alliance we call the Peloponnesian League - a coalition of city-states mainly from the Peloponnesian Peninsula led by Sparta.

Pericles' predecessor Ephialtes deposed the aristocratic dominance and replaced it with democracy. He was murdered for this, and his deputy Pericles took over and developed a more radical form of democracy where office bearers were selected by lot. The exception was the ten generals, as the citizens had no intention of being led in battle by some idiot picked randomly by lot, and a general was nominated by each of ten tribes.

Initially kings, then cliques of aristocrats, then assemblies of landowners, and then assemblies of citizens.
ruled by citizens made such greek city states unique.

In the Athenian experiment with democracy, office bearers were selected by lot (randomly). This gave uncertain results so functions were run usually by groups of ten, in the hope that the law of averages would allow a few competents within any group of 10.

The exception was the 10 generals - no one wanted to be led into war by whoever was drawn out of the hat, so each of the ten tribes nominated a general. Their distrust of the office bearers was borne out when the assembly of the people would add a rider to an important decision 'the generals will see to it', showing the general distrust of the normal office bearers.

- both countries have a Mediterranean climate

- both countries have a large Greek (ethnic or speaking) population

- both countries are economically tied to Europe

- both countries are in the Western World

- both countries are republics

The Helllenistic empire created opportunities for Greece because the Greece took control spices so they teamed up.

By blocking the pass at Thermopylae the Persians were forced into a sea battle at Artemesion nearby in order to try to outflank the pass. The Greek fleet was waiting to pounce to defeat the Persian navy in order to eliminate the threat it posed to the Greek cities. Unfortunately for the Greeks, they lost the sea battle and had to withdraw. The blocking force at Thermopylae, no longer required. withdrew back to their cities, the Spartan and Thespian contingents staying behind to cover the withdrawal and being eliminated.

After peace was made between the Persian Empire and the Delian League led by Athens, Athens converted the League into an empire of its own, continuing to tax the cities of the League and spending the proceeds on itself - beautifying the city, putting half its own population on the public payroll, and maintaining a war fleet to dominate the Greek world and to collect the annual taxes from the Greek cities.

What you are referring to is a timocracy, which is a system where only property owners may participate in government. Solon introduced a timocratic constitution in Athens in the early 6th century BC. His was the first known planned form of timocracy. Political rights and responsibilities were allocated according to the income of the citizens, who were divided into four income groups: the Pentacosiomedimni were men who produced 500 bushels of produce per year and could serve as generals in the army; the Hippeis were knights, men who could equip themselves with a war horse, valued at 300 bushels per year; the Zeugitae (tillers) were men who owned of at least one pair of beasts of burden, valued at 200 bushels and could serve as hoplites (infantrymen); the Thetes were the manual labourers and did not take part in the army. In term of rights, the votes of the richer people counted more than those of the poorer people because of their greater contribution to the army and to taxation. The citizens' wealth was evaluated through the census, which for the Greeks was more than an income assessment than a head count. People were put in the different income classes following this assessment.

the human mind

The Golden Era of Musicals began with Oklahoma! and ended with On A Clear Day You Can See Forever.

In Athens in 508 BCE when Cleisthenes brought in votiong in assembly by all people who owned property.

False. He allowed upper to lower class citizens to run for public office.

A council and a popular assembly presided over by elected archons (magistrates).

Because those are the people who named them. Our science and literature originates in ancient Greece, Egypt and Babylon. Some of what we know today was known back then and there and is still known. Those civilizations wrote things down and thus were able to pass knowledge on to later generations.

The Delian League was formed under Athenian leadership to oppose Persia and keep the Greek city-states liberated from the Persian Empire from falling back under its control. When Persia agreed to peace and to keep away from these cities, Athens took the League treasury used to fud the resistance to Persia to Athens, but also kept up the annual levy for the fighting fund, collected by force if necessary.

The cities did not see why they should continue these payments. Athens

did, because it used the money to build the Parthenon etc and keep half its population on the public payroll, including it's navy which made an annual cruise extorting the contributions (or 'tribute') for the now-defunct anti-Persian defence.

They were kept paying, as Athens replaced the Persians as a master, so the cities, in escaping the Persian Empire, found themselves trapped in an Athenian Empire.