Australian Colonial Settlement

After convict transportation stopped in 1868 it was just a natural development that instead of recognizing them as just criminals we recognized them as some of the first people to colonize Australia. It hasn't really been an intentional thing it has just turned out that way. Many of the convicts who were banished here had completely turned there lives around because as the time it was much easier to make a good life for yourself. The convicts were accompanied by soldiers and free settler's from european countries who used the convicts as slaves but quite a few of the convicts died on the voyage due to unsanitary and cramped conditions. They often were kept in jail cells not much bigger than a public toilet cubicle and they had no regular access to water or toilet facilities so often they just had to relieve themselves in the corner of their cells like animals would!

The convicts were often convicted of petty crimes that today would be considered a trivial thing like shoplifting,public drunkenness, theft of cattle from a farm, pickpocketing etc. Serious crimes such as murder,rape,arson,or child molestation were punished by public execution not transportation to Australia.

Once the survivors of the long journey had finally got off the boat they would have found themselves in a very strange place than what they were used to. They would have found the flora and fauna very strange and the climate is much much warmer than England so it took them a while to grow accustomed to their new life. They often had to do a minimum on 7 years slave labour for free settlers and the soldiers were stationed to guard them and repel attacks from aboriginal tribes. Many of the convicts who had finished there slave labour were granted free land rights and some of them chose to purchase a ticket to return back to england but most of them decided to stay as the air was much cleaner,much better living space due to england being very overpopulated even to this day. The land was virtually untouched by human activity so many of them became farmers.

My ancestor was part of a rebel group in ireland who was caught making weapons and gunpowder so he was deported to Australia from ireland and had to do 15 years slave labour and once he was finished he received a free plot of land near the town of fremantle which was one of the first white settlements in Western Australia. He started a farming project where he provided rye grain for the town and made a considerable profit for the time.

Some convicts have actually become quite famous now and are known here for some of there achievements despite there very humble origins. One person named william chopin was a convict who was chosen to work in prison hospitals and later was granted skills in chemistry. He was granted a ticket of leave but chose to remain in Australia and started his own chemical store. Quite a funny story he was actually convicted of being an abortionist some time in the future.

Henry kable was another case where he was deported to Australia for an unknown crime and was sentenced to the normal 7 years slave labour and became a very wealthy businessman a long time after he was first convicted.

So despite that quite a few of us have a convict ancestor we also like to recognize what they have made for us as most of us a very happy living here and we don't normally take offence for people trying to offend us for having humble origns. Due to european immigration to Australia after convict transportation stopped there are many people here who have no convict ancestors but the ones that do like me are not usually bothered by it. After all it was around 230 years ago when the first fleet first dropped them off here. Most of us are actually happy that the English decided to deport convicts here otherwise we would never be here and we like being here hehe

24.4 metres is the maximum, minimum 9 metres

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colonization

The convicts on the First Fleet did not have beds. They merely slept on hammocks, and had very little room to move.

Asia is not one country. It can't "colonize" in that sense. But if we think about this question from another angle, namely why was Australia never colonized by any Asian nation, then several things come to mind. First, Australia is far away from Japan and China and other Asian countries, and this distance hindered travel and communication for a long time. Later, when the British had colonized Australia, the presence of the British military was an effective barrier to interference by other nations in the region. Third, one Asian nation, Japan, had military plans to invade Australia during the Second World War. However, these plans were never put into action, perhaps primarily because the Japanese had more than enough other things to deal with at the time. The possibility of such an invasion was a real threat for several years during the war and the Australian government had made plans to counter it.

The First Fleet did not set out on a campaign to deliberately kill just the emus. The birds were good food and a reasonably easy target for a colony that needed a head start.

Transportation of convicts to Australia occurred between 1788 and 1867.

Convicts first arrived on 26 January 1788 with the arrival of the First Fleet in New South Wales.

The last convict ship arrived in Western Australia on 10 January 1868. Transportation of convicts to Australia ceased after this.

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The purpose was to search for the great southern land for a place for the convicts to go because it was getting to overcrowd in England.

Gregory Blaxland, along with William Lawson and William Wentworth, were the first explorers to successfully cross the Blue Mountains in Australia.

On 31 May 1813, they reached Mount Blaxland, from where they could see the the rich grasslands on the other side of the mountain barrier. Blaxland wrote in his journal that they "discovered what [they] had supposed to be sandy barren land below the mountain was forest land, covered with good grass". Beyond the mountains the explorers found a great expanse of open country, which they surveyed. Their exploration was important because it opened up the grazing lands of inland New South Wales, and allowed the colony to expand beyond the Blue Mountains. It meant that many, many more free settlers could come to New South Wales, because there was ample land and opportunity for all.

The route they traversed is basically the one still used by travellers today. In January 1814, colony surveyor George Evans recommended building a road which would follow the ridge track located by Blaxland, Lawson and Wentworth. Soon after this, William Cox was commissioned to build the road to Bathurst. The original Great Western Highway covered 161 km and incorporated twelve bridges, and provided ready access to the west.

When the First Fleet arrived in Australia, it symbolised Great Britain's claim on the eastern half of the continent. Colonisation means settling an area in the name of a particular country (or group), and the First Fleet's arrival meant that Europeans were settling in Australia under the name of Great Britain.

Port Arthur penal colony in Tasmania was originally established in 1830 as a logging and timber-getting camp. In 1833, convicts from the other colonies of Australia were sent there, particularly repeat offenders, to provide labour for the timber industry.

Arthur Phillip named Sydney Cove on Port Jackson after the British Home Secretary, Thomas Townshend, the First Viscount Sydney of England, in recognition of Sydney's role in issuing the charter authorising Phillip to establish a penal (prison) colony.

The settlement of Sydney grew at Sydney Cove, becoming known simply as "Sydney".

Not the cricketer.

The Charlotte weighed 335 tons, and was 105 feet long and 28 feet at the beam.

No, the First Fleet (which brought convicts) landed in Australia in 1788. No fleet arrived in 1770 - just Lieutenant James Cook's ship, the Endeavour, on its expeditionary voyage to the unknown southern land.

The Delian League.

The first permanent settlement in Australia was established by Great Britain. In 1788, the First Fleet of eleven ships arrived, with over 700 convicts and a similar number of marines and officers.

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The First Fleet arrived in Sydney Cove on 26 January 1788.

Fremantle prison

There were free settlers on the First Fleet Which arrived in New South Wales in January 1788. They were the officers' wives and children. With each successive fleet, more free settlers came out. The Second Fleet arrived in New South Wales in June 1790.