Australian Colonial Settlement

England colonised and governed New South Wales in 1788.

Health for the convicts of the First Fleet was not as bad as it was for subsequent fleets, but they still suffered some health problems. The worst problem was dysentery. Once they landed, and severe rationing was introduced, scurvy became a problem because there was not enough variety of food to give the convicts the nutrition they required.

Governor Bligh was able to restore order in the early New South Wales colony Which had come to use rum and spitprits as currency. Bligh sought to normalise trading conditions in the Colony by prohibiting the use of spirits as payment. He was a moral man who sought to bring the marines under better control.

The British brought staple foods such as flour (wheat and other grains), rice, potatoes, onions, sugar, tea and a wide variety of fruits and vegetables. Any fruits, vegetables or nuts that are here now were brought by the British, with the exception of the macadamia nut.

Livestock meats and poultry were also brought. This included beef, lamb, pork and ham, chicken, duck, goose and so on.

I guess that they would have had the responsibility for the running of the house and the raising of the children. Wealthy people would have had maids and these women might have had more of a social life If they were free settlers, they might help with the farming (if the family was not wealthy). If they were poor or convicts, they might have worked in factories. There were probably some nurses and teachers. I would say that the women who came with religious groups had jobs related to that.

Illegal alcohol was known as 'sly-grog'.

Governor Arthur Phillip was fed very well on the First Fleet. He ate roast chicken and other roasted meats, fresh from the stock animals they took on board at the ports. He also had fresh fruit and vegetables, until these ran out between ports. He ate bread, rice, potatoes and other common foods as well.

No.

The First Fleet refers to the first fleet of eleven ships which arrived in Australia in January 1788, carrying convicts, officers, marines and their families. They arrived at Port Jackson, now known as Sydney, New South Wales, to establish a convict colony.

No. Captain Arthur Phillip was one of the fairest governors of colonial Australia.

Although Arthur Phillip recommended John Gidley King as his successor, the one who actually took on the role was John Hunter, who was Governor from 1795 to 1800.

Of Magellan's fleet only Vittoria completed the voyage. Concepcion, Trinidad and Santiago were lost, and San Antonio deserted and turned back.

It is an organism with a capsule, which is a special structure morphology.

Britain had already claimed the eastern half of the continent, and the French had been eyeing off the western half. the Swan River colony was not the first to be established in Western Australia. In 1826, Edmund Lockyer was sent to claim the western half of the Australian continent for Britain. He arrived at King George Sound on Christmas Day in 1826, and established a military base which he named Frederick's Town (now Albany).

In 1829, Captain Charles Fremantle was sent to take formal possession of the remainder of New Holland which had not already been claimed for Britain under the territory of New South Wales. Quite simply, they wished to stake their claim beofre the French did, or before the Dutch changed their mind.

Yes. Convicts were awarded an amount of land after they received their ticket of leave or free pardon. The size of the land depended on which colony they lived in, and the size also changed through the years.

No. Captain Arthur Phillip's family was not from the wealthy upper class.

Admiral Sir James Stirling was the first governor of Western Australia, from 1828 to 1838.

Yes. Roman Catholics were aboard the First Fleet. The First Fleet consisted of some Irish Catholics as well as the English prisoners.

The First Fleet took cargo necessary for establishing a new colony from nothing, such as:

Nails and rope for securing timber for building

Cloth

Tents

Buckets

Axes

Hammers

Farming Tools such as spades, picks and reaping and ploughing equipment

Saws

Stock animals such as cattle, pigs and horses

Flour

Salt

Tea

Sugar

Rice

For a complete list of the supplies and provisions taken aboard the First Fleet, click on the related link below.

Smallpox was on the First Fleet in the form of bottles of dried innoculation materials. Such material was used to protect people against smallpox before Jenner's vaccination became available.

No case of active smallpox disease was reported during the First Fleet voyage. However a seamen from the First Fleet caught smallpox (from local natives) over a year after arrival at Sydney Cove.

There are very few pictures of Carolyn Chisholm. Mostly you can find only one, which you can see at the link below.

Magellan

Lanterns are colonial items that start with the letter L.

There was no livestock in Australia.

In order to become a self-sufficient colony, the First Fleet needed to carry sheep, cattle, horses, pigs, goats and poultry, so that more of these animals could be bred to help meet the food needs of the new colony.

Some of the convicts on the First Fleet and some of the seamen developed scurvy. This would only happen when the ships had been out of any port for many weeks, and fresh vegetables and fruit supplies had diminished to nothing.

The Holterman Nugget was found in Hill End in NSW on 19 October, 1872. It was the largest single nugget ever discovered anywhere, although strictly speaking, it was not really a single nugget but rather a mass of gold found in a reef.