Australian Colonial Settlement

On 1 January 1901, the Federation of Australia was brought into existence. The Australian colonies were joined to form the Commonwealth of Australia. The state of the Commonwealth of Australia was born with a vote to Federate with the Australian British colonies.

Arthur Phillip was born in London on 11 October 1738. He joined the Royal Navy when he was fifteen, and alternately earned a living as a navy officer and as a farmer. He climbed his way up through the ranks in the navy, being much sought after as a calm and reasonable officer, and later captain, and he had many naval battle successes, including when he was seconded to the Portuguese navy in its war with Spain. During that period he became commander of a Portuguese colony supported by convict labour, and his patron the Duke of Norfolk was able to recommend him for command of the Botany Bay expedition as having experience in administering a military-convict colony.

In October 1786, Phillip was appointed Governor-designate of the proposed British penal colony of New South Wales. He was a practical man who suggested that convicts with experience in farming, building and crafts be included in the First Fleet, but his proposal was rejected.

The First Fleet left Portsmouth, England, on 13 May 1787,and arrived in Botany Bay on 18 January 1788. Phillip immediately determined that there was insufficient fresh water, an absence of usable timber, poor quality soil and no safe harbour at Botany Bay. Thus the fleet was moved to Port Jackson, arriving on 26 January 1788.

Phillip faced many obstacles in his attempts to establish the new colony. British farming methods, seeds and implements were unsuitable for use in the different climate and soil: much of the seed had rotted or been eaten by rats on the journey over, and the implements and tools could not stand up to the tougher treatment and conditions of the Australian soil and climate. The colony faced near-starvation in its first two years, and was finally saved by the success of a barley crop.

Out of necessity, due to the growing need for more land in Sydney, Phillip undertook several expeditions of exploration in the immediate area. His explorations resulted in the first spread of settlement to the Parramatta and Rose Hill areas. He also traced the course of the Hawkesbury River as far upstream as he could, to Richmond Hill, and he then continued on to the junction with the Grose River.

Despite numerous setbacks, under Phillip's rationing and sensible direction, the colony finally succeeded in developing a solid foundation, agriculturally and economically, thanks to the perseverance of Captain Arthur Phillip. As a military man, he began to establish a legal code by publishing weekly orders for the governance of the colony. It was by his leadership alone that the colony became entirely self-sufficient. He also worked to improve understanding with the local Aborigines.

Also whilst Governor, Captain Arthur Phillip established the military colony to protect the East India Company trade as directed, and in doing so also preempted French intrusion into the area. He also established a station on Norfolk Island, under Philip Gidley King, to begin to supply masts and flax for the British fleet.

Poor health forced Phillip to return to England in 1792. He resigned his commission soon after arriving back in England, and died on 31 August 1814.

Governor Arthur Phillip was appointed Governor-designate of the proposed British penal colony of New South Wales in October 1786, so it can be said that his role was to establish the first colonial settlement. It was his job to make decisions for the good of the colony and its inhabitants.

Phillip commanded the First Fleet from the time it left Portsmouth, England, on 13 May 1787, until its arrival in Botany Bay on 18 January 1788. Phillip immediately determined that there was insufficient fresh water, an absence of usable timber, poor quality soil and no safe harbour at Botany Bay. Thus the fleet was moved to Port Jackson, arriving on 26 January 1788.

Phillip faced many obstacles in his attempts to establish the new colony. British farming methods, seeds and implements were unsuitable for use in the different climate and soil: much of the seed had rotted or been eaten by rats on the journey over, and the implements and tools could not stand up to the tougher treatment and conditions of the Australian soil and climate. The colony faced near-starvation in its first two years, and was finally saved by the success of a barley crop.

Out of necessity, due to the growing need for more land in Sydney, Phillip undertook several expeditions of exploration in the immediate area. His explorations resulted in the first spread of settlement to the Parramatta and Rose Hill areas. He also traced the course of the Hawkesbury River as far upstream as he could, to Richmond Hill, and he then continued on to the junction with the Grose River.

Despite numerous setbacks, under Phillip's rationing and sensible direction, the colony finally succeeded in developing a solid foundation, agriculturally and economically, thanks to the perseverance of Captain Arthur Phillip. As a military man, he began to establish a legal code by publishing weekly orders for the governance of the colony. It was by his leadership alone that the colony became entirely self-sufficient. He also worked to improve understanding with the local Aborigines.

Also whilst Governor, Captain Arthur Phillip established the military colony to protect the East India Company trade as directed, and in doing so also preempted French intrusion into the area. He also established a station on Norfolk Island, under Philip Gidley King, to begin to supply masts and flax for the British fleet

No, but Norway was owned by Denmark, that DID have colonies at one time.

If you wish to consider the founding of Queensland from a European historical point of view:

The colony of the Moreton Bay District was founded in 1824 when explorer John Oxley arrived at Redcliffe with a crew and 29 convicts. The settlement was established at Humpybong, but abandoned less than a year later when the main settlement was moved 30km away, to the Brisbane River. Another convict settlement was established under the command of Captain Patrick Logan. On 10 September 1825, the settlement was given the name of Brisbane, but it was still part of the New South Wales territory.

In 1859, Queen Victoria signed Letters Patent, which declared that Queensland was now a separate colony from New South Wales. On 6 June 1859, the former Moreton Bay District was granted separation from New South Wales, and given the name of Queensland, with Brisbane as its capital city. June 6th is celebrated every year as Queensland Day, the day which marks the birth of Queensland as a self-governing colony. On 1 January 1901, Queensland became one of the six founding States of the Commonwealth of Australia.

The first to live in Queensland were, of course, the indigenous Australians, or Aborigines. Asian traders were known to frequent the far northern regions. The north-eastern Australian region was explored by Dutch, Portuguese and French navigators before Lieutenant James Cook charted the east coast in 1770.

Cauze I am gamed

Quite simply, Cook didn't recommend it.

When James Cook sailed up the eastern coast of Australia and claimed the land for England under the name of New South Wales, he sailed into the harbour at Botany Bay. This was the area he and the ship's botanist, Sir Joseph Banks, recommended as suitable for a colony.

Bennelong was captured in November 1789, for the purpose of being used to mediate between the white and Aboriginal cultures. The Governor of New South Wales, Captain Arthur Phillip, wished to learn about the language and customs of the indigenous people. Bennelong willingly liaised between the cultures, and adopted European dress and other ways.

The convicts of the First Fleet had to contend with all the problems of establishing a settlement in a foreign and hostile land.

British farming methods, seeds and implements were unsuitable for use in the different climate and soil, so farms were very slow to be established. Much of the seed had rotted or been eaten by rats on the journey over, or the seeds were just unsuitable for the tough Australian soil. The implements and tools could not stand up to the tougher treatment and conditions of the Australian soil and climate. The colony faced near-starvation in its first two years, and was finally saved by the success of a barley crop. lems for the british gaols.

There was also a great deal of miscommunication with the local indigenous people. Aborigines had no concept of "ownership" as they were a generous people who were willing to share, so they saw nothing wrong with killing the settlement's livestock to use for their own food. The Europeans retaliated, often carrying out revenge killings. This only increased the hostility between the races.

The very first European settlers in Australia (not including the Aborigines who were the first inhabitants) were a mix of convicts, officers and marines and their families, all of whom came from Britain.

The next group of convicts and settlers to arrive also included some Irish. Gradually, migrants from other European countries began to arrive.

During Australia's colonial years, many convicts escaped. However, in the early years, there was nowhere for them to escape to. Some believed that they could reach China simply by walking. There were many tales of their bones lying scattered in the Australian bush. Lack of communication and understanding between whites and Aborigines caused some escaped convicts to be killed by Aborigines. Some returned to the colony, exhausted and dehydrated, completely unprepared for the harsh conditions encountered in the Australian bush.

Others became bushrangers, ambushing travellers for food, cash and goods. This problem was particularly rife in Tasmania. Bushranging soon reached epidemic proportions, and in May 1813, Lieutenant Governor Davey demanded all absconded convicts and bushrangers return by December, or face being shot on sight after that date. Concerned by the ramifications of the subsequent outrage, in May 1814 the Governor of New South Wales, Lachlan Macquarie, offered a pardon to all convicts except for those who had been convicted of murder, if they surrendered within six months. Taking the proclamation as a licence to bushrange, many convicts continued their crimes until the last moment. True to his word, Macquarie pardoned them of all previous crimes, whereupon many of them promptly returned to bushranging.

One of Australia's most famous escaped convicts was William Buckley, who spent 32 years living among the indigenous Wathaurong people of southern Australia. Bridging the cultural gap between Europeans and Aborigines, he gained many valuable bush skills and was a crucial factor in reconciliation in those early days. To keep the peace between the two races, Buckley gave himself up to free settler John Batman's landing party in July 1835. Ultimately, Buckley was pardoned and became a respected civil servant. The Australian saying "Buckley's chance" means to have a very slim chance, and was spawned by his amazing story of survival in the bush.

John Batman died on the 6th of May 1839.

Peasants lived in a small hut that only had one room but slightly better of Peasants lived in huts with more than one room, they did not have glass windows, they only had holes in the walls. Smoke went out of a hole in the roof, not a chimney. Richer people in the 1300's lived in castles made out of stone.

The original Tasmanian penal settlement was located at Macquarie Harbour near Stachan on the west coast. Due to a variety of reasons, the Macquarie Harbour penal settlement was closed down and the occupants sent to Port Arthur on the Tasman Peninsula on the south east coast.

Arthur Phillip's orders were to settle Botany Bay. However, upon landing there on 18 January 1788, he quickly determined that the area was unsuitable for settlement. There was insufficient fresh water or good building timber, the soil was unsuitable for farming and the harbour was neither deep enough nor sheltered enough. He then moved the First Fleet north to Port Jackson.

A daughter who did not survive was born to Elizabeth Macarthur whilst the Macarthurs were sailing to Australia in 1790, but this child did not survive. The Macarthurs also had an older son, Edward, born in 1789. Later children were Elizabeth, born in 1792; James, born in 1793 but who died a year later; John, born in 1794 but who died at age 7; Mary, born in 1795; James, born in 1798; William, born in 1800 and Emmeline who was born in 1808.

HMS Bounty captain Lt. William Bligh (later a Vice Admiral) died on December 7, 1817 at the age of 63. He was born in 1754.

a bacteria colony is the same as a colony that is found in bacteria and fungus begins to form once you've seen a colony.

The first English settlers in Australia were not there by free choice. They were convicts sent courtesy of Mother England to colonise the continent in order to bring more benefits to England. The officers and marines that were sent to administrate the colony and guard the convicts were offered incentives to stay once their term of office was over.

The main reason why the British sent settlers to Australia was not, as is often thought, to simply have a place to send their excess criminals. Great Britain wished to expand the British empire, and prevent the French from gaining a foothold in the Australian continent or in the southwest Pacific. The east coast of Australia certainly showed potential for eventually being self-supporting, and the continent also had natural resources which were desirable. Britain also needed a port in the East to promote trade with China and to extend its naval and commercial power.

However, colonising a remote outpost in the South Pacific offered the opportunity to solve the problem of Britain's overcrowded prisons, which were essentially a consequence of the Industrial Revolution, as unemployment was rife. Britain had been sending their excess prisoners to North America, but the American War of Independence prevented this from continuing.

Once colonisation had taken place, free settlers began to arrive. Australia offered new opportunities no longer available at home, especially for tenanted farmers who had no opportunities for self-advancement in their home country.

It is not known exactly how many people on the First Fleet died, as records were not kept of all the seamen aboard the Fleet. Of the convicts, 23 died. This was a particularly low mortality rate, due entirely to the care and concern of Captain Arthur Phillip.

Arthur Phillip commanded the First Fleet on its journey to Australia. The Fleet departed Portsmouth in England and first went to Tenerife in the Canary Islands, then to Rio de Janeiro, and finally to Cape Town in South Africa before continuing on to New South Wales. A map of the journey can be found at the related link below.

Indoor plumbing or HD television.u idiot

A+=soldiers

According to Merriam-Webster, a corporate colony is a charter colony (as Connecticut, Massachusetts, Rhode Island, and Virginia) having a royal charter granted to the inhabitants as a corporate body. Corporate colonies had a charter granted by the English monarch to stockholders.