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Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary was the final form of the Habsburg Monarchy in Austria and a constitutional union between the Austrian Empire and the Apostolic Kingdom of Hungary that existed from 1867 (just after the Austrian Empire's defeat to Germany in the Austro-Prussia War) until 1918 (when Austria-Hungary was dismembered by the Treaty of Versailles).
370 Questions
What languages were spoken in the boundaries of Austria-Hungary as of 1914?
Official Languages: The primary official language of Austria-Hungary was High German. In some aspects of the government, due to the dual monarchy, the second official language was Hungarian.
Spoken Languages: While these languages did not have official status as national languages, there were a number of additional languages including: Czech, Italian, Moravian, Polish, Romani/Gypsy Romanian, Ruthenian Serbo-Croatian, Slovak, Slovene Ukrainian, and Yiddish. There were also foreigners living in the Austro-Hungarian Empire from other origins who spoke their particular languages.
Why did Austria-Hungary go to war during World War 1?
Because Franz Josef I's (the ruler at the time) son was assassinated by Serbians.
TehGrunt's Longer Story
Austria-Hungary entered WW1 because of long withstanding reason to believe Serbia was uniting the Balkans against it. Also, Archduke Franz Ferdinand (Franz Josef I's son) was indeed assassinated, but few of the assassins were Serbians.
An ultimatum was sent to Serbia, but this ultimatum was written so as to be rejected, This ploy worked and Serbia began mobilization. Russia began partial mobilization, and thus the war began
Correction - Franz Ferdinand was not Emperor Franz Josef's son. Franz Josef had one son, Crown Prince Rudolf, who committed suicide in 1889 (however, there are conspiracy theories that he may have been murdered).
Franz Ferdinand was the son of Karl Ludwig, who was Franz Josef's younger brother. After Rudolf's death, Karl Ludwig was the new heir to the throne, however, he quickly abdicated his claim to the throne (he was already around 60 years old, and died of typhoid a few years later). This left Franz Ferdinand, as Karl Ludwig's oldest son, the new heir to the throne.
Franz Ferdinand had three children who you would think would have been in line to take the throne. But the Habsburg family that ruled Austria had a rule that the Emperor had to be married to a woman who was a member of the ruling family in Another Country. Franz Ferdinand fell in love with a countess whose family did not rule a country; Franz Josef refused to accept their marriage, and only eventually did allow it after other emperors and kings convinced him, and Franz Ferdinand had to agree that his children would not be allowed to inherit the throne.
So now it gets even more complicated... after Franz Ferdinand was killed to start World War I and his kids were unable to inherit, the throne should have passed to Karl Ludwig's second son, Otto. However, Otto had already died in 1906. So that meant that Otto's oldest son, Karl, became the new Emperor when Franz Josef finally passed away in 1916- Franz Josef was 86 and had ruled Austria Hungary for nearly 70 years!
Karl ruled for almost 2 years before the Austro-Hungarian Empire dissolved at the end of World War I. Karl did not outlive his Empire for long, and died in 1922. Karl's son, Otto von Habsburg, was considered the "pretender" to the Austrian throne until just a few years ago; the current pretender is Karl von Habsburg, who is now an Austrian businessman. If he were emperor, he'd be Karl II.
What motivated the terrorists to kill the Archduke and his wife?
I assume you mean Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife Sophie. He was the heir to the throne of the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and was murdered at the end of June 1914.
In 1914, Austria-Hungary was a large and powerful empire that controlled a place called Bosnia (which is now Bosnia-Herzegovina). There were some Bosnians who disliked the Austro-Hungarians, and wanted to separate and become their own country. Gavrilo Princip, the man who actually shot and killed Franz Ferdinand and Sophie, was one such separatist.
Additionally, some people in Bosnia's neighbor Serbia hoped for an independent Bosnia. Not only are they neighboring countries, but they speak basically the same language, and share a lot of history and culture. Bosnians and Serbs are very similar and closely related peoples. Some members of Serbia's military and government were also members of a militant group called the "Black Hand". The Black Hand was a militant group that wanted to unite all Slavic (Serbian, Bosnian, Slovenian, Croatian, etc) countries in the Balkans into a single country. They helped train and equip the Bosnians who tried to and eventually succeeded at killing the Archduke.
The Archduke was chosen for assassination because the Black Hand viewed him as a major threat to their movement. The Archduke believed that Bosnia should stay a part of the empire, but also that it should be granted equal status and semi-independence, like Hungary. This would have made the Bosnian people happier with Austrian rule and would have weakened the separatist movements. The Black Hand and the Bosnian separatists decided he needed to be killed before he became emperor so that he could not do it.
After the assassination, Princip and some of his separatist colleagues were arrested and interrogated by the Imperial authorities. The information that they gave up proved to Austria-Hungary that Serbia was involved in the assassination and was trying to "steal" Bosnia. This is why Austria-Hungary declared war on Serbia at the end of July 1914; this then triggered the alliances and caused World War I to begin.
Bulgaria
The reaction to the annexation of Bosnia by Austria-Hungary was that it was a great achievement. There Austro-Hungarian Empire was formed.
How did the division of austria-Hungary affect some ethnic groups in eastern Europe?
It let the ethnic groups have there own independence and freedom
What was the importance of budapest to the austria Hungary empire?
It was the location for Hungarian Parliament.
What accusations did Austria-Hungary make against Serbia?
it has permitted the criminal machinations of various societies and associations directed against the monarchy,and has tolerated unrestrained language on the part of the press.
It = Austria-Hungary
Austria-Hungary claimed that Serbia's government wasn't strict enough; that they weren't restricting the press and were tolerating the crimes of movements that were against the Monarchy.
What was the name of the man from Serbia who killed the Austria-Hungary prince?
World War I started with the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir to the Austria- Hungarian throne, in Sarajevo on 28 June 1914 by by Gavrilo Princip, a member of the 'Black Hand', a Serbian nationalist secret society.
How was Austria-Hungary affected by World War 1?
Eric 1 of Austria-Hungary was assinated by a Serbian nationalist. this started a conflict between the Serbs and Austrians.The Germans came to the aid of their Austrian cousins, just as the Russians came to the aid of the Serbs.This started a war between The Germans and the Russian Empire.Germany knew that Russia had formed an alliance with France, and that the French were obligated to enter the war on the side of the Russians against Germany.Since the Germans knew they couldn't fight a two-front war and win,and since France- that had a more mobile and modern army than the Russians posed the greater threat-Germany invaded France first.On their way to invading France, the Germans took a short-cut through Belgium, without the Belgian's permission.The British could not let the Germans get away with this, and declared war against Germany and it's allies. From there we we're off to the races, and it all began with a head-of-state being assinated by a radical.
AnswerAfter the assassination of franz ferdenand (an Austrian duke and heir to the throne) a/h offered an ultimatum to Serbia ,which, in the extent of its demand that the assassins be brought to justice effectively nullified Serbia's sovereignty. Austria-Hungary's expectation was that Serbia would reject the remarkably severe terms of the ultimatum, thereby giving her a pretext for launching a limited war against Serbia. thus causing the large chain of decalrations of war.What did nationalists want in Austria-Hungary in the 1800s?
To split up into nations with clear ethnic identities, like a German Austria, a Hungarian Hungary, a Slovene Slovenia, a Croat Croatia, a Polish Poland, and a Romanian Romania.
Did Captain John Smith win the Turks in Hungary?
No, he was captured and sold into slavery. He was bought by a woman who sent him to her brother to do farm work. Smith killed him and escaped to England in 1600.
What mistakes were made by Archduke Franz Ferdinand which would ultimately lead to death?
Archduke Franz Ferdinand, the heir to the Austro-Hungarian Empire, and his wife were assassinated in Sarajevo, Bosnia in 1914. Despite warnings, he and his wife chose to travel to Sarajevo. The assassinations were politically motivated by the Black Hand to form the country of Yugoslavia from the southern provinces of Austria-Hungary. However, it also started WWI.
When all of these things happened, Germany was all alone against the Allies. It chose to capitulate rather than fight an unwinnable war
Of course, everyone's view is going to be different on this question, so take my view into consideration, but do not necessarily brand it as the right answer.
I would say that it would be possible, but highly unlikely.
Both could have become federal republics in much the same way that Switzerland is a federal republic or similar to the European Union structure, i.e. a united government with numerous highly autonomous and distinctive parts. A singular nation-state, a la Germany, would be impossible with so many different ethnic cultures and languages. However, the implementation of such a policy of creating a federal republic would have to come rather early in the timeline of both empires, such as in the 18th century, following a strict policy of increasing liberalization and recognition of ethnic distinctions and historical territories. For example, the recognition of an Austro-Hungarian federation only in 1867 as the result of several Hungarian uprisings against the Austrian Imperial Authorities, was far too late to be anything substantial. Or in the Ottoman Empire, the passage of the minimally effective Edict of Gulhane in 1839 and the Ottoman Reform Edict of 1856, were similarly too little too late.
They would have needed to be forward thinking and innovative long before protests had reached such a fever pitch that tens of thousands of commoners became nationalists arguing for the dismantling of these empires. It would require the Austrians to grant Hungarians autonomy in the mid-1700s, the Rumelians and Romanians in the late-1700s, to support the Polish Liberation movement in opposition to Czarist Russia and Absolutist Prussia, to engage Poles, Croats, Slovenes, Czechs, and Slovaks in the empire and create local administrations that would provide local information in their language. The Ottomans would be required to do the same for Non-Turkish Ottomans, such as Greeks, Serbs, Romanians, Bulgarians, Macedonians, Arabs, Assyrians, Armenians, Kurds, Georgians, Jews, and Lebanese Christians. Both regimes would have to become open quickly to religions other than the official religion, treating them all equal. The Austrian Empire would have to embrace Protestantism, Judaism, and Eastern Orthodoxy as well as Catholicism. The Ottoman Empire would have to embrace the various flavors of Christianity, Judaism, Yazidi, Yarsanism, Druze, Alawite, Alevi, Shiite Islam, Baha'i, and numerous other religions throughout the empire as opposed to exclusively Sunni Islam.
In contrast to this imagined reality, the Austrian Empire and the Ottoman Empire were ultra-conservative states that made little political progress towards liberalization that was not forced on them by the more powerful and liberal Western European States.
How powerful was the Austrian empire?
In World War I, it was known as the Austro-Hungarian Empire, not the Austrian Empire, since Austria and Hungary were under united crowns. It was fairly powerful, although it collapsed more quickly than the German Empire due to successionist movements within it. In WWII, Austria was invaded by Nazi Germany, but contributed little to the war overall. In the 19th century the Austrian Empire was one of the more powerful powers in Europe, although unfortunately they lost the Austro-Prussian War.
Why did Germany declare war on Russia when Russia declared war on Austria-Hungary?
Germany had an agreement to go to war if Austria-Hungary were to be attacked by Russia. Alliances like this were a main cause that brought many countries into WW1.
What two events that led to the decline of the Austrian empire in the late 1800s?
Since this is in the late 1800s, I think that the Dual Monarchy of Austria-Hungary made other groups such of the Slavic, resentful and "left the government paralyzed in the face of pressing political and social problems.
The other on was when nationalists demands tore at the fabric of the Ottoman empire and led to many riots and helped to weaken the empire.
learn more at: https://ucworldstudies.wikispaces.com/fi…
Who was the president in 1914 for world war 1 in Austria and Hungary?
Austro-Hungary was ruled by an Emperor from the Habsburg family in 1914.
How did nationalism affect Germany and Austria-Hungary differently?
In general, you could say that German nationalism tended to bring the country together, and the nationalism in Austria-Hungary tended to pull them apart. There was a much greater land area, much greater religious and cultural diversity, and a much greater overlap in people identifying with other countries and language differences in Austria-Hungary.
Nationalism of course continued. After the dissolution Austrian Catholics were bonded together by religion, and although many of them were German, they didn't want to join with the protestants. German nationalism in Nazi Germany continued, and may have been a unifying experience for some, but at the expense of the ostracism and dehumanization of others.
Was Poland part of the Austria-Hungary empire?
Not whole, only a part. Southern part of Poland (Małopolska) was a part of the Austria-Hungary empire.
Austria-Hungary and Russia intervened in the Ottoman Empire's domestic problems in order to expand their Empires and strategic alliances. The Balkan countries intervened in the Ottoman Empire's problems in order to gain proper independence.
This meddling was occurring in the 19th century when Austria-Hungary and Russia proper were powerful countries that had no major territories under Ottoman control. (They both acquired Ottoman territories later, but these were external regions like the Ukraine or Croatia which are separate nations today.) In 1800, Greece, Crete, Serbia, Bosnia, and Bulgaria were all territories of the Ottoman Empire whose people were just beginning to achieve national consciousness and trying to organize their various ethnic groups into one contiguous homeland.
