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Computer Networking

Computer networks are collections of computers which are connected together in order to communicate and transfer information. Questions about computer networks, networking protocols, and how to set them up belong here.

18,810 Questions

When is UDP preferred to TCP?

UDP and TCP both are transport layer protocols. UDP is connection less and TCP is connection oriented. UDP is preferred over TCP when large amount data is to be sent like on skype or video conferencing .

What is the range of addresses allocated by IANA for public use?

The Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) allocates a range of addresses for public use in the IPv4 address space, which is from 0.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255. However, the usable range for public addresses is primarily from 1.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255, since certain blocks are reserved for special purposes (like private networks and multicast). In IPv6, the global unicast address space ranges from 2000::/3 to 3fff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff:ffff.

What are some examples of international IT companies?

IBM - International Business Machines

EDS - Electronic Data Systems

HP - Hewlett-Packard

What is DNS Lookup?

A DNS Lookup is when a device that supports IP asks a DNS server for the IP address associated with a domain name. The DNS Server must "look up" the IP associated with that domain name.

For example, if you were to go to Answers.com in your browser, your computer would initiate a DNS Lookup. This process involves asking the Primary DNS Server for Answers.com's IP address. The DNS Server will ask other servers until the IP address is found and the information returned to you.

Assuming it is not cached, to find the IP address for wiki.answers.com, your DNS Server would first ask a DNS Root server for the DNS Server that handles "com". The root server would reply with the IP address for "com". Your DNS Server would then find the DNS Server that handles "com" and ask it for "answers.com". The "com" DNS Server would reply with the IP address for "answers.com". Your DNS server would finally find the DNS Server that handles "answers.com" and ask it for "wiki.answers.com".

Once your computer receives the reply containing the IP address for wiki.answers.com, it can finally ask wiki.answers.com for the webpage it hosts.

A common analogy is that DNS is like a very large phonebook. You look through the phonebook for the name you want and it will tell you the number you need to dial the person you're looking for. The process of looking up the number is a "DNS Lookup".

If you would like to experiment with DNS Lookups, you can use the command line utility "nslookup" in Windows or Linux.

What is sparce array?

sparse array is one which has contents lower than its maximum size, that is the array has free or empty locations....

What is communal address?

property which is owned by both partners

What is the correct order for the osi model?

The OSI model is given by international standards organization. The OSI model is given so that regardless of the underlying architecture system can communicate with each other. The correct order of layer is Application, presentation , session , transport, network , data link and physical.

US-Based Network Operations Center?

NETRIO U.S.-based 24/7 Network Operations Centers (NOCs) are staffed by highly-trained personnel utilizing the latest advances in network monitoring tools and systems.

Our company provides US-based 24x7 NOC services,,server, application, website monitoring, etc.

What is a Subnet mask?

The word subnetwork (usually shortened to subnet) has two related meanings. In the older and more general meaning, it meant one physical network of an internetwork. In the Internet Protocol (IP), a subnetwork is a division of a classful network. The rest of this article is about the second meaning. Subnetting an IP network allows a single large network to be broken down into what appear (logically) to be several smaller ones. It was originally introduced before the introduction of classful network numbers in IPv4, to allow a single site to have a number of local area networks. Even after the introduction of classful network numbers, subnetting continued to be useful, as it reduced the number of entries in the Internet-wide routing table (by hiding information about all the individual subnets inside a site). As a side benefit, it also resulted in reduced network overhead, by dividing the parts which receive IP broadcasts.

Which feature that you configured on the Linksys WRT300N makes you feel the most secure and why?

MAC address filtering uses the MAC address to identify which devices are allowed to connect to the wireless network.

When a wireless client attempts to connect, or associate, with an AP it will send MAC address information.

If MAC filtering is enabled, the wireless router or AP will look up its MAC address a preconfigured list.

Only devices whose MAC addresses have been prerecorded in the router's database will be allowed to connect.

What is TCP-friendly?

TCP-Friendly Rate Control (TFRC) is a congestion control mechanism designed for unicast flows operating in an Internet environment and competing with TCP traffic. The goal is to compete fairly with TCP traffic on medium timescales, but to be much less variable than TCP on short timescales.[wiki]

What does 11 represents in RJ-11 connector?

It means Connector type 11 of the RJ specification; RJ means Registered jacks - it is a telephone standard developed to standardize connectors in the telephone industry.

What is packet ratio?

the ratio of the number of delivered data packet to the destination. This illustrates the level of delivered data to the destination.

∑ Number of packet receive / ∑ Number of packet send

What is spooling and buffering?

I believe buffering is a technique used for sound and other files that will slowly upload bits so that applications have continuity in processing commands. Buffering is a method of overlapping the computation of a job with its execution. It temporarily stores input or output data in

an attempt to better match the speeds of two devices such as a fast CPU and a slow disk drive. If, for example, the CPU

writes information to the buffer, it can continue in its computation while the disk drive stores the information.

With spooling, the disk is used as a very large buffer. Usually complete jobs are queued on disk to be completed later.

A typical example is the spooler for a printer. When a print job is issued, the spooler takes care of it, sending it to the printer

if it is not busy, or storing it on disk otherwise.

Difference:----

Buffering overlaps input, output and processing of a single job whereas Spooling allows CPU to overlap

the input of one job with the computation and output of other jobs. Therefore this approach is better than buffering.

Even in a simple system, the spooler may be reading the input of one job while printing the output of a different job.

6 strand fiber optic cable color code?

Blue, Orange, Green, Brown, Slate, White, Red, Black, Yellow, Slate, Aqua and Rose

What would you use a crossover cable for?

To connect two devices of the same type together.

e.g. You would use a crossover cable to connect a router to another router, a switch to another switch or a computer to another computer.

If you are connecting diferent devices together, such as a router to a switch, a straight through cable should be used.

How has networking evolved?

To begin we have to define "networking" Websters dictionary defines "networking" as: : the establishment or use of a computer network.

Basically, communication of data between two or more computers. In the early days of computers, local area networking was handled primarily through the use of serial communications. Token Ring, AppleTalk and Arcnet were some of the earlier protocols used for local area networking. With the introduction of "ethernet" cabling around 1975, and the development of TCP/IP, speeds increased and we now have local area networks capable of speeds exceeding 10Gbs.

Historically, wide area networking (Networks between computers not physically close to each other) was usually handled by modems over telephone lines. Although, in industrial applications point to point "high speed" circuits were made available at great expense. Some of these protocols include T-1 and T-3 connections and ISDN systems. With the invention of the internet and it's wide acceptance, and the introduction of "high speed" internet connections such as DSL, Cable and Fiber in the Home, networking began to use TCP/IP protocols for wide area networks more and more, with the majority of interconnected computers now using TCP/IP for both LAN and WAN applications.

Over the coming years we'll see networking evolve even further with the adoption of IPv6. Currently the majority of networks are using IPv4 which has a maximum of just over 4.2 billion unique addresses. Whereas IPv6 is capable of approximatley 340 Trillion unique addresses. Other innovations that we'll see in the world of networking will include wide area fiber optic connections, new transmission protocols that will raise current internet connection speeds from an average of around 3Mbs in 2010 to a speeds in excess of 100mb in the coming decades.

Networking is exciting. My first LAN was a Token ring network running on coaxial cable with a 4 Mbs speed and latency that was practically measured in seconds. Now I'm in charge of an ethernet network that is comprise primarily of Gigabit connections with a few 100Mbs connections and a couple of 10Gbs connections. My first WAN was a 300 baud modem that I used to dial up a connection with my buddy across town, now I have a 20Mbs internet connection running on fiber optic lines. We'll see how networking evolves in the future, but it looks to be extremely promising.

What is bucketheads address?

bucketheadland

915-c west foothill blvd. suite 545

claremount, California 91711

that's what it said on his website

How do you determine class width?

Not sure what you mean by class width, but if you mean how do you determine the size of a class, the simplest way is to use the sizeof() operator. The value returned may be equal to or greater than the sum of all its member variables, depending on any adjustments made for memory alignment. If the class contains pointers to memory allocated on the heap, this memory will not be included in the total -- only the size of the pointers to those allocations will be considered.

EDIT: Previous answer does not address the question.

#include<stdio.h>

main()

{

int n,m,i,max;

printf("How many numbers(n) you going to enter:");

scanf("%d",&n);

printf("Enter the numbers:");

scanf("%d",&m);

max=m;

for(i=2;i<=n;i++)

{

scanf("%d",&m);

if(m>max)

max=m;

}

printf("The Largest Number is %d",max);

}

Output:

How many numbers(n) you going to enter:5

Enter the numbers:

25

410

362

5

56

The Largest Number is 410

What is use dynamic pass box?

  1. Dynamic pass box need to be installed between two different classified area/rooms for material pass through. The purpose is to provide barrier between areas & to sweep away the particulate load if present on surface of object being transferred to more clean area.