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Electronics Engineering
Electronics Engineering is a branch of engineering that deals with practical applications of electronic components, devices, systems, or equipment. Electronics are devices that operate on low voltage sources, as in electron tubes, transistors, integrated circuits, and printed circuit boards and use electricity as part of its driving force.
24,372 Questions
A junction is formed when two or more roads, pathways, or circuits meet or intersect. In the context of electrical circuits, a junction occurs where multiple components connect, allowing for the flow of current through various paths. Junctions are essential for directing traffic, both in transportation systems and electrical networks, facilitating movement and connectivity. The design and configuration of a junction can significantly impact efficiency and safety in both domains.
Why is RF amplification needed in a radio receiver?
In a typical radio receiver, there will be, a tuning stage, several IF stages, followed by an audio amplifier. (And a few other ancillary bits we'll ignore here.)
The signal from the aerial could be a microvolt or less, and the voltage required at the audio stage will be a few volts. It is not absolutely essential that any of the amplification take place in the tuning stage. Most of the amplification will take place in the Intermediate Frequency stages, and a little more in the audio stages.
What is the advantage of a reflex klystron over a two-cavity klystron?
What is probably the primary advantage of the reflex klystron over the two-cavity klystron is the mechanism used to tune the device. The two-cavity klystron has mechanical tuning, but the reflex klystron is tuned electrically. And it doesn't take an electrical engineering degree for an investigator to figure out that electrical controls can be manipulated a whole bunch faster than a mechanical device.
Why is FM superior immunity to noise?
FM systems are far better at rejecting noise than AM systems. Noise generally is spread uniformly across the spectrum (the so-called white noise, meaning wide spectrum). The amplitude of the noise varies randomly at these frequencies. The change in amplitude can actually modulate the signal and be picked up in the AM system. As a result, AM systems are very sensitive to random noise. An example might be ignition system noise in your car. Special filters need to be installed to keep the interference out of your car radio.
FM systems are inherently immune to random noise. In order for the noise to interfere, it would have to modulate the frequency somehow. But the noise is distributed uniformly in frequency and varies mostly in amplitude. As a result, there is virtually no interference picked up in the FM receiver. FM is sometimes called "static free, " referring to its superior immunity to random noise.
Basically, in transistor, the signal is transferred from low resistance circuit to the high resistance circuit. So it is called transfer+resistor=Transistor.
Transistors are widely used in different types of switching, amplifiers, oscillators and integrated circuits.
Based on the applications, the types of the transistors are as given below:
General purpose transistors, Low frequency transistors, High frequency transistors, Power transistors, Switching transistors, Field Effect Transistors, MOSFET, Uni-junction Transistors, Bi junction transistors, Photo transistor, High power transistors, Complementary pair, Darlington amplifier, Video and R.F. amplifier, Ultrahigh frequency and microwave, Insulated gate bipolar transistors, Static induction transistors.
More their to know about transistors are as given below:
History of invention, Time-line throughout, Basic construction, Bias arrangement, working, Various currents in transistors, Basic transistor amplifier, Configurations, Characteristics, Current gain and relation among them, D.C. load line, Operating point, Biasing of transistor, stability factor, specifications and ratings, testing, colour coding, identification of transistor using multimeter, h-parameter of transistor, particular applications etc...
What is the difference between limiting and clamping circuit?
A diode-clipping circuit is used to skip some portion of the signal (e.g. the half way/full way rectifiers rectify the '-ve' or '+ve' part of the signal).
A diode-clamping circuit is used to add some signals to the original signal.
- 1N is a code for one junction device
- 4001 is a partially arbitrary number assigned to help you find the datasheet for the part in the manufacturer's catalog quickly, 4001 is part of a series of related diodes (4001 to 4007) having similar characteristics except for PIV
What is the function of the ECC83 vacuum tube?
The ECC83 vacuum tube is more commonly sold as the 12AX7 and is a triode tube. This tube is used in a similar way that a modern transistor would be used in audio amplification applications. The ECC83 has a smaller size and a high gain at lower signal levels making it perfect for an audio pre-amp.
What is a sinusoidal wave?
This is a wave that appears to have curves. AC current/voltage. If you see a wave on a ossiloscope of what our AC (Alternating current) mains voltage that will be the answer to the question. DC (direct current) does not appear to have the same qualitys
What are the two transistor switches inside a CPU?
The two types of transistor switches inside a CPU are NMOS (n-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor) and PMOS (p-channel metal-oxide-semiconductor) transistors. NMOS transistors conduct when a positive voltage is applied to the gate, allowing current to flow from drain to source, while PMOS transistors conduct when a negative voltage is applied, allowing current to flow from source to drain. Together, these transistors form complementary pairs, enabling efficient logic operations and the construction of complex circuits such as gates and flip-flops within the CPU. This complementary technology is commonly referred to as CMOS (complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor).
What is the value of a resistor color coded red-violet-silver-gold?
Yellow is 4, Violet is 7, Violet is 7, Gold is 5% tolerence. 470,000,000 Ohms.
How do you know if a capacitor is good or not?
You test it.
For electrolytic capacitors, it's sometimes (but not always) obvious simply by looking at it that there is a problem; if the capacitor bulges or is actually ruptured, that's a pretty good indication that it might be bad. However, the only way to know for certain is to check it to see if it has the proper capacitance.
For various reasons it's difficult to test the capacitance of a capacitor which is in a circuit; you'll usually need to detach it and test it in isolation. It is possible to check the equivalent series resistance of a capacitor without removing it from the circuit, and in some cases this may be enough (a correct ESR doesn't necessarily mean the capacitor is good, but an incorrect one means that it's bad).
What is the advantage of using the centre tapped full wave rectifier?
By using a center tap, with the tap connected to ground you can use one winding for the positive AC swing and the other winding (both relative to the center-tap) for the negative swing. Thus, when the secondary windings can be connected to the AC inputs of a full-wave-bridge rectifier to harvest a bi-polar DC power source.
i.e. - a positive DC voltage 'rail' AND a negative DC voltage rail, say for example you have a 24VAC center tapped secondary of a 110VAC transformer. With a full-wave bridge, the center tap becomes the circuit 'ground' (aka 'return') in a DC circuit.
Difference between de mosfet and e mosfet?
The basic difference is between JFET and enhanced MOSFET,although the construction of JFET and depletion MOSFET is different but their most of the characteridtics are same,i.e shockly equation can be applied on both of them,but in JFET we cant give to gate voltage, the +ve value,because it does not works, but in depletion we can give,but some limited +ve value. Now enhanced MOSFET is different,shockly equation cant be applied.The transfer characteristics are purely in +ve Vg region. i.e for E-MOSFET Vg should be > 0,for its proper function.
answer by engr ZOHAIB MUSHTAQ WHEN EMF APPLY AT TWO DIFFERENT ENDS OF METALLIC PLATE HAVING COMBINE JUNCTION HERE ONE END IS HOT AND OTHER END IS COLD THIS EFFECT IS PELTIER EFFECT
Created around a conductor when electrons flow through that conductor?
Then an 'electrical current' is said to be present in the conductor.
well if the bulbs arerated for 110v then 200w but if the bulbs are rated for 220v then only 100w if the bulbs are rated for other voltages then you nedd to do some more calculations.
The total power consumed = 50W.
Calculation:- P=V^2/R
R1=220^2/100
R1=484Ohms.
R2=484Ohms.
R=968Ohms.
I=V/R
I=220/968
I=0.2272A
P=I^2*R
P=(0.2272)^2*968
P=50W.
What are the advantages and disadvantege of capacitors?
Capacitors are very good for storing small quantities of electrical energy, for creating timing circuits based on the time it takes a capacitor to charge, and there are also excellent uses of their characteristic of conducting a varying voltage.
Both a capacitor and battery "store charge". However, in a battery there is a chemical reaction that continues to generate charge. You apply a charge across the "plates" of a capacitor and it will decay over time from leakage or through a discharge resistance to ground in the circuit. You need really large capacitors to store meaningful amounts of charge, to take the place of a battery for example.
How do you determine correct size varistor on a 24vac coil?
is this coil a single shot solenoid or is it used as a filter i assume you want to know a good value for a varistor to stop voltage spikes from the reverse EMF which is aprox. 4X the input voltage. so i would say to use 2X-3X the input Voltage so 48 or 72 Volt MOV (Metal oxide varistor) You want the varistor to be several volts greater than the peak voltage of the signal across which it is connected. 24 volts is probably the RMS value of the coils voltage. Your varistor must be selected to be greater than the peak voltage. When the voltage exceeds the clamping voltage of the varistor, it conducts current, preventing the voltage from reaching a dangerous level. If the elevated voltage is maintained for too long a time, the varistor will heat to a point where the metals in it melt and fuse together, causing a short. This also poses the posibility of a fire risk, as the current is now conducting heavily through the varistor. This is what often happens to a varistor in a power strip when lightening strikes nearby. It renders the power strip useless. But the connected devices are usually spared.
What means OL in the multimeter?
In a multimeter, "OL" stands for "Over Limit" or "Open Loop." It indicates that the measurement exceeds the range of the multimeter, such as when measuring resistance in an open circuit or when the voltage is too high for the selected range. Essentially, it signifies that the reading is outside the device's capability to measure accurately. If you see "OL," it's advisable to adjust the multimeter settings accordingly.
Do additional resistors affect power?
Of course. Additional resistors change total resistance, which changes current, which affects power.
What are the applications of logic micro operation?
A logic microoperation specify binary operation for a string of bits stored in registers.These operation consider each bit in the registers seperately and treat it as a binary variable.
Eg:-F--A(+)B
If the contents of register A is 1010 and that of register B is 1100 than the information is transfer to register F is 0110
Why does a bulb in a circuit not work?
A light bulb is not lit when the swtich is not connected to the wire becasue there is no flow of electricity, specifically, flow of electrons. By disconnecting the wire, the bulb is no longer connected to the electricity source.
