Fire Prevention and Protection

Some are red, some are green. In any case, they are always brightly lit and very easy to see due to the requirement of "high contrast".

UL 924, the standard that includes "illuminated exit signs" allows them to be either red or green, leaving it to various state codes to select one, if there is a preference. NFPA 101 (Life Safety Code) does not specify any requirement for color of EXIT signs -- only that they have high contrast of the letters and background. Exit signs may usually be illuminated internally or externally.

A deluge fire sprinkler system, unlike most ordinary systems, mean that the sprinkler heads do not have individual heat-sensitive valves. The sprinkler heads in a deluge system have no valves of their own, meaning they are always open and water will be sprayed out of them when the supply valve is turned on.

There are limited uses for deluge systems, such as in a tire storage warehouse where it is important to put out a fire quickly and the massive flow of water will not cause major damage.

Depends on the available pressure If you have 60 PSI coming into a structure then you will get 60 PSI out of the sprinkler Just look at the "K" factoring for friction losses

The first guide is from 1960.

Many states automatically appoint the local Chief of the Fire Department to be a Fire Inspector, so that would be one way.

However, there are other states where only a trained, certified and qualified individual can act as a fire inspector. In that case, you would need to take the necessary training, obtain a certification, then work under the supervision of another qualified inspector until you are deemed qualified.

In the USA there is an NFPA standard, 1031, which describes the basic requirements for competence as a fire inspector or plans reviewer. Some fire academies offer training courses to meet these requirements. Basic Fire Inspector training should be expected to take about 50 hours of classroom time, plus field trips, homework, and sample inspections.

NFPA 101® "Life Safety Code®" includes "occupancy" chapters stating the specific requirements for marking of exits, Chapter 7 ("Means of Egress") specifies how signs should be configured, when required by an occupancy chapter (i.e., size, location, lighting, etc).

These same exit marking specifications are inserted and cross-referenced in NFPA 1 Fire Code, Chapter 14.

In general, each type of occupancy must meet all of the criteria for its type. For example, a residential board and care facility would meet specific requirements for the "residence and board" areas, perhaps "educational" requirements for a classroom, and "assembly occupancy" requirements for a main "meeting hall". The code includes tables listing which occupancies are not allowed within the same structure and how much fire separation is required between those that are allowed (e.g., 2 hour fire walls on classroom in a residential boarding facility).

You need to be able to get to a source of gasoline if you can't try to find Windex or bleach this can reduce the size of the fire. If you can get to a source of gasoline pour it into the fire (generous amounts!). If the fire still does not diminish pour EXACTLY 3 1/3

gallons of kerosene on it. If every option that i have listed have failed to diminish the fire than there is one more option, that is to jump into it with kerosene and gasoline, bleach and Windex at the same time this combination is rarely used but the chemical reaction creates a yellow slime that can defeat the fire and help you get on with the day.

FT1 is one of three vertical flame tests. FT1 cables can be used in buildings that are rated combustible. For more information search you browser for Flame Test ratings

Wet pipe sprinkler

Bonfires can be kaleidoscopic. The sparks from the flames are multicolored.

NFPA 13 only applies to specific types of occupancies and the requirements for enforcement would depend upon the "authority having jurisdiction", local ordinances, and state fire codes. Compliance with such codes is frequently a pre-requisite for obtaining insurance.

On the other hand, other facilities may have different requirements (e.g., NFPA 13D or NFPA 13R), or the code may modify the NFPA 13 or NFPA 25 requirements (e.g., NFPA 101 chapter 33 modifications for NFPA 13R in "existing residential board and care facilities"). Your local fire marshal and insurance company will help you with specific requirements.

If the solder melted sooner than the surrounding parts, the line carrying the water to the sprinkler would lose pressure, resulting in the failure of the sprinkler system to deliver water.

The purpose of emergency lighting during a fire drill is to ensure safe evacuation by providing adequate illumination in case of power failure or smoke obscuring visibility. It highlights exit routes, stairways, and emergency exits, guiding individuals to safety. Additionally, it helps to minimize panic and confusion, allowing for a more organized and efficient evacuation process. Overall, emergency lighting is crucial for enhancing safety and preparedness during emergencies.

To determine if you have a heat-resistant socket, check for labels or markings that indicate its temperature rating, often found on the socket itself or in the product specifications. Heat-resistant sockets are typically made from materials like ceramic or high-temperature plastics, which can withstand higher temperatures without deforming. You can also consult the manufacturer's documentation or website for detailed information about the socket's heat resistance. If in doubt, consider contacting an electrician for a professional assessment.

"System Riser: The aboveground horizontal or vertical pipe between the water supply and the mains (cross or feed) that contains a control valve (either directly or within its supply pipe and a waterflow alarm device" 2007 NFPA 13 Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems

In short, it is the pipe that "rises" from the water supply to the ceiling. Larger buildings have multiple risers that feed different areas of the building.