Helicopters

The amount of blood your heart pumps is called Cardiac Output (CO) and is typically measured in Liters Per Minute (LPM). Cardiac Output (LPM) = H.R. x S.V. / 1000 H.R. - Heart Rate (beats per minute) S.V. - Stroke Volume (mL) - the volume of blood pumped during one cardiac cycle Normal resting CO is in the range of 4-6 LPM (1-1.5 Gallons Per Minute - GPM). A highly conditioned endurance athlete may generate a CO of up to 30 LPM (7.5 GPM).

He drew a sketch anyway.

"One" of many highly decorated helicopter crews, was MAJ. Stephen Pless and his three (Huey) UH-1 crewmen, of the US Marine Corps.

Helicopters are used by the army for troop movement on the battlefield. You can't land a C-130 in a jungle or on a rooftop, but a helicopter will go anywhere with a small clearing. Also, helicopters such as the Apache attack helicopter are highly effective against armoured units.

Operation Desert Storm (Jan/Feb 1991) consisted largely of "Smart Weapons". Instead of 100 conventional bombs aimed at a target, hoping one or two will strike the target, ONE "smart weapon" could hit with 98% accuracy. Night vision devices were available for ground, air and sea-borne troops; prior to Desert Storm, "white light" was used (normal search lights). Although Kevlar helmets had been used during Operation Urgent Fury (Grenada-1983), the Kevlar helmets used by ground troops in Desert Storm were the latest in protective armor, with DESERT CAMOFLAGE UNIFORMS.

it was invented to make a stealthy and fast attacking weapon. also it could be used for scout or recon missions.

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The AH-64 was designed first and foremost as a tank killer. It was designed during the Cold War where it would have been used to destroy massed Soviet tank divisions pouring through the Fulda Gap. Everything else it does was secoondary to that primary purpose

Fixed wing- air is moved past the wings to create lift.

Helicopter- the wings (rotor blades) are moved through the air to create lift.

The role of the attack helicopters in the first gulf war was to destabilize the foot soldiers of the Iraqis with a view to providing a leeway for the advancement of the Allied Forces foot soldiers

Fun to ride; no seat belts, doors were ALWAYS open. Lots of sharp turns and dives (for the grunts riding in them), beautiful scenery with a bird's eye view at hi speeds with plenty of fresh air and no restrictions (you could even shoot machine guns, rifles, or pistols from them).

Worst part (besides getting shot down) was landing. Then the work began (walking thru jungles, etc. etc. etc.).

Without the helicopter, the war might have gone on, for the US, for 20 or 30 years AFTER the Tonkin Gulf incident...or never have been fought at all; it was that important. The helicopter made the Vietnam War. Vietnam was a helicopter war.

Tanks were a NEW weapon during WWI. Aircraft Carriers were a NEW weapon in WWII. Helicopters were a NEW weapon in Vietnam. Helicopters allowed the US Army to create a brand new Infantry Branch, "Airmobile" Divisions. Prior to these new airmobile divisions, the army only had AIRBORNE (paratroopers) Divisions, MECHANIZED (armored personnel carriers) Divisions, and STRAIGHT LEG INFANTRY (often referred to as light infantry today) Divisions, strictly traditional FOOT SOLDIERS.

The UH-1 Iriquois was known as the workhorse in Vietnam, because the tactics in use at the time placed heavy emphasis on airlift capability. The UH-1 was used to haul personnel, it was used as an ambulance, it was used to haul cargo, it was used as a gunship.. basically, it was the most commonly seen helicopter in use, and was a major breakthrough compared to previous military helicopters in using a turbine engine, rather than an internal combustion engine.

Approximately 12,000 US helicopters served during the Vietnam War. Approximately 5,000 were destroyed there. Approximately 40,000 US helicopter pilots served in Vietnam, of which about 2,200 were killed. In addition, approximately 2,500 helicopter crewmen perished.
6,000 to 8,000 choppers lost. Data will vary depending upon the source and the category of "lost." For example a "lost" helicopter may have been shot down and recorded destroyed (lost) to THE UNIT then recovered/repaired and put back into service with another agency or sold to civilians later. Most choppers were low and slow crashes and unless they burned were not totally destroyed; fixed wing aircraft were totally different...high speed crashes mostly, over 2,000 US jets or propeller driven warplanes were destroyed (lost) in Vietnam.

The U.S. Army's main transport was the UH-1 Huey (officially the "Iriquois"), models B thru H. We used the AH-1G Cobra as a gunship, an armed escort in the later years, along with some UH-1Bs and Cs, converted transport models. My recollection is that there were some "Mike" models (UH-1M) entering the inventory in the later years, too. In the scout function, the inimitable OH-6 "Loach" (officially the "Cayuse", but universally THE Loach, from LOH- Light Observation Helicopter) and the OH-58, the military version of the ubiquitous Bell Jet Ranger. The Army also had some CH-54 Skycranes as the big vertical lift machines.

Earlier in the war, the Army used piston-engined H-34s and H-21s as transports, and Oh-13s and OH-23s in the scout role. I believe there was some attempt to use the CH-37 as a transport, but there were very, very few of them.

The Air Force, Navy and Marines also used helicopters. Each of these services had variants of the Huey. The Air Force also had: the H-43 Husky; the HH/CH-3; and the HH-53. These last two were the big Sikorskies, famous as the "Jolly Green Giant" and "Super Jollys", which Navy also used.

The Marines added to the following to the list: the H-34, most famously the D model, the "Dog"; and the H-46, both also used by the Navy.

Yes, they were,

All of them. The Air Force, Army, Coast Guard, Marine Corps, and Navy all use helicopters.

Dwight Eisenhower was the first to have a presidential heliocopter, starting in 1957.

It depends on which aircraft you mean. A small model airplane might consume only a few ounces per hour, while a Boeing 747 consumes as much as 22,500 pounds of Jet-A per hour. There are hundreds of different planes in between, each with different burn rates.

Everything is always moving. Even when you think you're standing still, you're actually speeding through space. Your moving relative to the sun and stars- though you are at rest relative to the earth. Right now your speed relative to the sun is about 100,000 kilmeters per hour. And you're moving faster relative to the center of our galaxy.

Gotten From : "Conceptual Physical Science - Exploration" Pg 21. Chapter 2.

By: Paul G.Hewitt

John Suchocki

Leslie A. Hewitt

Both use the pressure difference caused by air moving over the wings at different speeds to generate lift; a plane by moving those wings in the direction of travel, a helicopter by spinning the "wings" around at high speed.

This requies that the plane be in constant forward motion in order for the wings to make lift. Thus airplanes must roll along the runaway to take-off. A helicopter cant take off at zero forward speed and hover at zero forward speed. The helicopter can land and take off vertically. Thus, they are good for landing in unimproved spots such as done by air ambulances.

If you mean rotor blades, theoretically, only one (provided it is counterbalanced and moves fast enough). But you'll typically see two or more. Helicopters use more than one because it requires less rotor speed to get the same lift, and it also runs a lower risk of failure in the mechanical systems. Many rotocraft use four or five, and some up to six or seven blades. There are a few helicopters that use two main rotors, and they are counter rotating so that their torque cancels and a tail rotor is not necessary. But the mechanical complexity of these main rotor systems impinges on mechanical reliability.

the helicopter pushes forward when the pilot pushes the cyclic control forward. that rotates the blades forward . while pushing forward on the cyclic, the pilot must also pull up on the collective control. that will add pitch to the blades, thrusting the helicopter forward.

You don't provide enough information to answer that question specifically but I can give you a few probabilities. The possible range of a helicopter varies greatly with engine size, body size, weather and location. In general commercial helicopters can do from two to four hours in the air with a top speed of from 50 to 200 knots (air speed). This gives you an average range of around 200 miles...but like I said, there are many variables and these numbers can change greatlly.

I am referring to the puma helicopter in particular!

1,200 miles or 1,900km for an Apache Attack chopper.

1,952 km, 1,240 miles or1,080 nautical miles : MI-26 Russian heavy lifter

1,216 nm or 1,400 miles or 2,252 km Chinook CH-47

Because without a tail rotor the body of the helicopter would spin the opposite way of the main rotor so the tail rotor is perpendicular to prevent that : Way it works is the tail rotor spins at the same speed as the main rotor to over power the body's need to spin by giving just the right amount of need to go the other way : Hope I Helped , jd703

no!

It is a vibration dampener. A primary application for the device is to reduce vibrations in pumping systems.