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History of Judaism
The History of Judaism is the history of the Jewish people, their religion and culture, tracing back to the Biblical patriarchs Abraham, Isaac and Jacob of the 18th c. BCE. The earliest mention of Israel as a people was discovered in an inscription on the Merneptah Stele from the 1200s BCE.
1,396 Questions
What Jewish festival is on the winter solstice?
There are no Jewish festivals specifically tied to the solar calendar or to the winter solstice. The Hebrew calendar is a LUNAR calendar, which is kept (roughly) in synchronization with the solar year by inserting "leap months".
The relatively minor holiday of Hannukah is celebrated for eight days beginning on Kislev 25, a date that generally occurs around mid-December, and which occasionally overlaps the northern hemisphere winter solstice on December 21. However, Hannukah can start as early as the first of December, or as late as the 24th of December.
Why did the Zionists want to establish a Jewish national state in the middle east?
There are two operative parts to that question. There is the implicit question as to whether a Jewish State is something that should exist. There is the explicit question as to whether the geographical location chosen for this Jewish State is proper for its mission.
1) Why a Jewish State: Herzl explained quite well that the European concept of a nation-state was dependent on the idea that all of the people in any particular nation were of the same ethnic stock and heritage. Jews were branded by this system to be "the Other" and were regarded at best as possible equals and at worse as traitors, spies, thieves, and fifth columns. When the Dreyfus Affair turned out marches in Paris that said "Death to the Jews" on account of a kangaroo court against a particular guiltless Jew, it became clear that the Jew could not be integrated into Europe. After the Holocaust, the strongest proof that the Jew and the European Nation-State were irreconcilable, this view persists. In Europe, it is now directed at the Muslims since the Jews are not large enough of a threat to the European System. Unlike Muslims, though, which can return to their countries of origin if the discrimination becomes intolerable, the Jews did not have such a place. This is why the Jewish State is necessary. Since it came into existence it has accepted Jewish political refugees from over 50 nations and flown missions at its own expense to rescue Jews from at least 10 nations.
2) Why Palestine: Ahad Ha'am explains that the Jewish Soul is intrinsically connected to his history and in the same way that a German-American can never be as properly German as a German in Germany, the People of Israel can never be as properly Jewish if they are not in the Land of Israel. The relics in that land speak to a Jewish sensibility and character. There are also religious reasons as expounded by Rav Avraham Kook which posit that the development of a Jewish State in Israel hastens the arrival of the Messiah. There are additional political reasons why Palestine and not Europe. As explained above, the European Culture is strongly anti-Other and making a Jewish State there would have fostered much more contempt and alienation (ironically).
Were Jews treated like dogs during the holocaust?
Most probally
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No, Jews were treated very badly during the Holocaust. If you wanted to compare their treatment to an animal, then their treatment was more akin to rats or such vermin.
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No, The Nazi's had many laws protecting dogs. Animal cruelty was very serious crime. They were the worlds leader in Animal Rights. However humans in general, and the Jews in particular, had no right and were treated very badly.
How did the Israelites end up in Canaan?
Archaeology tells a different story in which the Israelites emerged from among the local Bronze age Canaanites. It is now the consensus of scholars that there was no Exodus from Egypt, as described in the Bible, and that the Hebrew people were originally Canaanites who left the region of the rich coastal cities to migrate to the hitherto sparsely populated Canaanite hinterland.
The Oxford History of the Biblical World says that intensive archaeological research since the 1970s has demonstrated a gradual proliferation of small rural settlements concentrated in the hill country of southern Canaan from around 1200, the beginning of Iron Age I (Carol A. Redmount, Bitter lives).
What were three reasons why the Jews were not liked in world history?
Let it be said right from the start that any "group" that is disliked, is a problem with the thinking of the persons doing the disliking! Not liking an entire population, a religion, or you name it is foolish. It's fine to not "like" a particular person, or to dislike "convicts ". But being biased against a race, or ethnic group is insane. Here are some reasons that some biased people may dislike Jewish people and the reasons are foolish ones. Some dislike Jewish people because they believe they are dishonest when doing business. Another possible reason is that some biased people, don't like the Jewish religion. Or, some people think they are not good because they have not accepted Christ as the messiah.
Those are 3 possible reasons.
Did the Jews join with the Young Turks?
Jews by and large did not participate in the Young Turks, which disbanded in 1924 after gaining power and creating the Turkish Republic. In fact, the Jews of Turkey prior to the creation of the Turkish Republic were primarily Ottomanists, the political who pressed for a continuation of the Ottoman Empire with the introduction of increasing Tanzimat reforms as opposed to the Young Turks who sought the overthrow of the government. The reason for this stance was that the newly independent Greek and Bulgarian countries were more Anti-Semitic than the Ottoman Empire had been and they feared that the Young Turks would lead to an increase in Anti-Semitism as well. To a degree, they were right and most Jews left Turkey in 1949.
However, there were some Turkish Jews like Emmanuel Carasso who were prominent Young Turks.
The Torah tells us about the genealogy of the Hebrews (esp. Genesis ch.10 and 11), their language, their beliefs, their laws, their lives, and the milieu in which they lived. All kinds of bits of information are there, from how people swore oaths (Gen. ch.31) to how Egyptian officials were instated (Gen. ch.41).
What did the Maccabees cleanse after reclaiming Judea from the Greeks?
They cleansed the Temple in Jerusalem from ritual impurity and rededicated it. See also:
Was the Rothschild family's Coat of Arms a red-colored hexagram or a normal-shaped red shield?
IT was NEITHER. The good news is that the Jewish family from Frankfort who renamed themselves the Rothschild family, never had a red Star of David for their Family Coat of Arms. The bad news is that their authentic Coat of Arms wasn't a normal-shaped red shield either. The name Rothschild (Red Shield in German) originates from the description of the family house located in Frankfurt's Jewish Ghetto and known to neighbors and residents as the house with the red shield. The whole story goes something like this-
The ancestry of the Rothschilds can be traced back to 1577 to Izaak Elchanan Rothschild (Isaac (Isaak) Elchanan Bacharach, zum Hahn), whose name derived from the house he occupied in the Judengasse-zum roten Schild ("at the sign of the red shield"). His grandchildren and descendants took this name as the family name and kept it when they relocated in 1664.
- Mayer Amschel Rothschild, Wikipedia
The Coat of Arms of the Jewish family from Frankfort who at some point had lived in a Frankfurt house with a big red shield hanging near the entrance, was rather complex and may not have even been their original Jewish Coat of Arms before they changed their last name to Rothschild.
I researched this question on my own quite thoroughly quite a few years back and found that there wasn't any evidence that the Rothschild clan ever used the Jewish six-pointed Star of David in their own family's emblem.
In fact, the internet shows the official Rothschild family crest to be a 4 part shield held up on each side by a Lion and a Unicorn. Above the shield hangs a three part bundle of armored headpieces. Just above the armored headpiece on the right is a six-pointed Star decoration that LOOKS NOTHING LIKE THE JEWISH STAR OF DAVID. So. if you are looking for conspiracy theories that are even partially true, its best to give up on the Rothschild family conspiracy as soon as possible. There's just nothing there.
Can the Jewish tradition accept sacrifice without the temple?
No, that is why they don't do sacrifices anymore, but it well return in tribulations, for a time. That is one of the signs. Da 8:11 Yea, he magnified himself even to the prince of the host, and by him the daily sacrifice was taken away (8717) , and the place of his sanctuary was cast down. Endtime Insights: The temple and the last 7 yearsScott MacGregor and Joseph Candel According to Bible prophecy, the event that will clearly mark the start of the Antichrist's seven-year reign is the signing of a pact or "covenant": "He [the Antichrist] shall confirm a covenant with many for one week [seven years]" (Daniel 9:27a). Because the pact is called a "holy covenant" in Daniel 11:28-30, it appears to have something to do with religion or religious rights.
One widely held view is that the covenant will, in part, make it possible for the Jews to rebuild their Temple on Mount Moriah in Jerusalem. The rebuilding of the Temple is an important Endtime event because it is crucial to the fulfillment of other key Bible prophecies, some of which also involve the ancient Jewish practice of blood offerings, which can only be carried out in the Temple in Jerusalem. (Blood offerings ceased in 70 ad, when the Romans razed the last Temple.)
There is now a drive in Israel and among Jews worldwide, spearheaded by the Temple Institute situated in Old Jerusalem, to rebuild the Temple. There have even been reports that much of the Temple has already been prefabricated and is waiting to be assembled. The Temple Institute has also already fabricated the sacred vessels and garments to be used in the Temple, and has these on display in their headquarters. Photographs of some of these can be viewed on the Temple Institute Web site: www.templeinstitute.org
The first Temple was built under the direction of King Solomon and dedicated in 960 bc (1 Chronicles 22:1-19; 1 Kings, chapters 5-7).
To facilitate the building of the first Temple, a retaining wall was built around the summit of Mount Moriah, and the area inside the wall leveled. Part of this retaining wall-referred to in recent centuries as the Wailing Wall-remains today. The foundation of the ancient Temple's altar was the rock upon which Abraham started to sacrifice Isaac. After looting the Temple during his first attack (2 Kings 24:13), Babylon's King Nebuchadnezzar burned it to the ground in 586 bc (2 Kings 25:9,13-17).
Cyrus, king of Persia (which conquered Babylon), authorized the return of the Jewish captives, the return of the Temple vessels Nebuchadnezzar had looted, and the reconstruction of the Temple, which was finished in 516 bc (Ezra, chapter 1).
In 19 bc, Herod the Great, the Rome-appointed client-king of Judea, began enlarging and beautifying the Temple complex. The project was completed in 64 ad, during the rule of Agrippa II. The Temple was razed by the Romans only six years later, fulfilling Jesus' prophecy in Matthew 24:2: "Do you not see all these [temple buildings]? Assuredly, I say to you, not one stone shall be left here upon another, that shall not be thrown down."
In 687 ad, Abd al-Malik, the fifth Caliph of the Arab Umayyad dynasty, built a shrine called the Dome of the Rock over the rock that he believed was previously the altar rock in the Jewish Temple-a site that is also sacred to Muslims because it is from here that the prophet Muhammad is believed to have made his miraaj, or night journey, into the heavens. The Dome of the Rock still stands-and this is the crux of the problem: The Muslims would never agree to the destruction of the Dome of the Rock so the Jewish Temple can be rebuilt on this site, and it is extremely unlikely that the Jews would ever consider rebuilding their Temple anywhere else.
We don't yet know how this conflict will be resolved, but it could happen with the Antichrist's seven-year covenant. And because Jerusalem is the most holy city to the Jews, as well as the third most holy city to the Muslims (after Mecca and Medina), and also holy to Christians, it's possible that the covenant will declare Jerusalem an international city and assure free and equal access and worship to people of all faiths.
Two recent developments are particularly significant to Bible prophecy, and both are related to the rebuilding of the Jewish Temple: In January 2005, the Sanhedrin-the highest ruling body and court of justice among the Jewish people in the time of Jesus-convened for the first time in 1,600 years. Two weeks later, on February 9, 2005, the Sanhedrin began to consider the rebuilding of the Temple and reinstitution of ancient animal sacrifices as commanded in the Law of Moses.
The most difficult problem is to determine exactly where the previous Temple's foundations are. The Sanhedrin determined that there are only two viable theories. One holds that the Temple stood where the Dome of the Rock now stands. The second theory holds that the Temple stood north of the Dome of the Rock. Dr. Asher Kaufman developed this second theory, based on certain archeological findings. If the second theory proves true, that means the Temple can be rebuilt alongside the Dome of the Rock, without disturbing it.
The fact that a reestablished Sanhedrin is now considering the rebuilding of the Temple after 2,000 years is extremely important to Bible prophecy. Are we nearing the final events that will lead up to the Second Coming of Jesus? It certainly seems so!
Where did Jewish refugees live when they came to England?
Where they could afford to - in the East End of London.
Then some of them became successful enough to move out, and they wanted the very opposite environment - fresh air, greenery, tree-lined streets, law and order, no gangs. In other words, the affluent suburb.
The word "Jew" derives from "Judah," one of the 12 Tribes of Israel. When the Jewish Kingdom split into two after the death of King Solomon, the tribes of Judah and Benjamin formed the Southern Kingdom, which was called Judea, and ruled from Jerusalem by descendants of King David. In 722 BCE the Assyrians conquered and dispersed the Northern Kingdom (hence the "Lost Tribes of Israel"), leaving Judea as the sole Jewish nation, and its people known as Judeans - or, eventually, Jews.
Why did kings expel Jews from France England Spain Portugal and some German lands in 66-73 AD?
Those countries did not exist or have kings in 66-73 AD.
According to Jewish tradition what effect did the Exodus have on Egypt?
In the Exodus, Moses brought the Israelites out of the Egyptian slavery under the guidance of God, after God brought plagues upon the Egyptians (Exodus ch.1-12). After the Israelites left, Egypt was in turmoil for decades. Though Israel was later harassed (Judges ch.3,6 and 10) by its smaller neighbors (Ammon, Moab, Midian), not a peep was heard from Egypt for four hundred years.
Egypt's turmoil is also borne out by the Ipuwer papyrus, which mentions a number of the Plagues ("Pestilence is throughout the land....the river is blood, death is not scarce...there is no food...neither fruit nor herbs can be found...barley has perished...all is ruin...the statues are burned") (Professor John van Seters, Journal of Egyptian Archaeology no. 50). The plagues were also described by ancient historians, including Herodotus and Diodorus. The Exodus is mentioned by Strabo, Berosus, Artapanus, Numenius, Justin, and Tacitus.
What year did the Jews arrive in the west bank?
The Jews first settled the West Bank or as it was known then "Judea and Samaria" 3200 years ago.
King David further cemented Jewish hold on Judea and Samaria when he declared Jerusalem his capital.
Jews resided throughout the ages in cities such as Hebron, Shchem (Nablus) and (East) Jerusalem but were forced to flee following Jordanian occupation in 1948.
Jews started returning to Judea and Samaria (West Bank) in 1967 right after Israel gained control of the territory.
Today around 20% of the population in the West Bank is Jewish and their share keeps growing.
What is the start of the Judaism timeline?
The birth of Abraham (1812 BCE), who founded what is now called Judaism. See also:
What did the pharisees stress?
The Jewish group that concentrated on the study, teaching and application of the Torah in every century was and is the Torah-sages and their many disciples, from Abraham down to today.
The word "Pharisees," which is based on a Greek misspelling used by Josephus, actually refers to the Sages of the Talmud. (The Hebrew word "p'rushim," to which he referred, means people of temperance; the opposite of epicurean.) The Torah-sages such as Rabbi Yochanan ben Zakkai, Rabbi Yonatan ben Uziel, Chanina ben Dosa, Bava ben Buta, Shimon ben Hillel, Rabbi Eliezer, Rabbi Yehoshua, Rabbi Akiva, and hundreds of others, were active at that time and their yeshivot (Torah-academies) were flourishing. Their tens of thousands of disciples and hundreds of thousands of sympathizers were active in the Jewish world in that generation; they were the leaders and the forefront of Judaism.
Josephus talks of three groups among the Jews in late Second-Temple times: Pharisees, Sadducees, and Essenes. This may convey the mistaken impression that the Pharisees were just one "sect" among others, when in fact Josephus himself admits that the Pharisees (Torah-sages) with their disciples and followers constituted the large majority of the Jewish people. As he himself writes (Antiquities book 18), "the cities give great attestations to them."
Although the Christian Testament may portray them poorly, in fact the Pharisees were very egalitarian. They taught that all men were created in God's image and that all had the same rights, and the same right to an education, etc. They were devoted to the practicing of kindness, the fulfillment of mitzvot, the study and teaching of Torah and the education of all people, regardless of status in society. They detested hypocrisy and actively sought it out and criticized it whenever they encountered it.
The Pharisees were the only movement to survive the destruction of the Second Temple and were the ancestors of modern Judaism.
The traditional Jewish beliefs today, including the afterlife and the resurrection, are traditions continuing from the Prophets and the Sages of the Talmud ("Pharisees").
What posture did the assembled Jews take as Ezra brought forth the sacred writings?
As Ezra opened the Torah to read, they all stood (Nehemiah 8:5).
Answer 1
Jews surely do love "Allah" for the term's translation in English is GOD.
Allah in Arabic = God in English = Dios in Spanish= Elohim in Hebrew.
Answer 2
The underlying supposition of this question, namely that Jews do not love God, is not only inaccurate but completely contrary to actual established Jewish practices. Religious Jews pray to God three times a day, a devotion that costs them 80 minutes (approximately) every week day and nearly 4.5 hours (approximately) every Saturday. During this time, God and his virtues extolled as well as the love he expresses for the Jews and Jews reciprocate.
As for the actual name "Allah", Allah is not a Name of God in either Islam or Judaism, but merely the word "God" in Arabic. (This is as opposed to "Jehovah" in certain Christian Sects being the actual name of the God they worship.) When worshiping Jews address God by a variety of titles befitting the aspect of God that they are trying to invoke. (This is similar to the Islamic Concept of the 99 Names.) In common parlance, Jews use the word "God" in whatever language they are commonly speaking. This lead to Jews in the Arab World (Mizrahim) using the word Allah often in common speech to refer to God and using many of the same Allah-based phrases that the Moslems use (like "Bismillah" or "Hamdullah" or "Inshullah" etc.).
Jews specifically love God because, in their view, God brought them out of slavery in Egypt and gifted them the Mosaic Law, which they see as the true Divine Law. In the Jewish View, this was an incredible act of Divine Compassion and the fomenting of a relationship with the Jewish People. Throughout the Bible, the relationship of God and the Jews is viewed as a love affair between a husband (God) and a wife (the Jewish people). This view of the Divine-Jewish relationship persists to this day.
The one difference that Jews have with Moslems is accepting the prophecy of Mohammed. Jews do not believe that it is possible to prophesy after the Biblical Period and as such, Mohammed clearly could not have received prophecy in the 7th Century C.E. Some Jews regard Mohammed as someone similar to Mohandas Gandhi in that he brought a new understanding, moderation, and union to a divided and repressed people. Some Jews regard Mohammed as a trickster, liar, and a thief because he defrauded people into believing that he received prophesy when such a thing is impossible. Most Jews hold an opinion closer to the former than the latter on that spectrum. Regardless of whatever opinion a Jew may have of Mohammed, almost no Jew loves him.
How did the Germans work the Jews to death?
The Germans worked the Jews to death by having them as sleves
What hardships did the Jewish people face when they became refugees?
Read Genesis. You'll answer your own question that way.
Only in prayers and blessings - not in conversation.
What year did King Richard slaughter the Muslims?
Richard I of England ordered the execution of 2700 Muslim prisoners who were being held hostage in 1191. There is a link to an article on Richard I below.
According to Jewish tradition why did the Israelites move to Egypt from Canaan?
Because of famine (Genesis ch.46).
It was part of God's plan, since Egypt would be the "iron furnace" (Deuteronomy 4:20) in which the Israelites would be smelted, removing the dross, and would grow into a nation ready to receive God's Torah.
