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History of Judaism
The History of Judaism is the history of the Jewish people, their religion and culture, tracing back to the Biblical patriarchs Abraham, Isaac and Jacob of the 18th c. BCE. The earliest mention of Israel as a people was discovered in an inscription on the Merneptah Stele from the 1200s BCE.
1,396 Questions
Why did some Jews convert to Christianity?
I dont know what era or year your refering to, but generally Jewish and Christianity share the same story of creation and we both follow the old testament. The Torah is based on the old testament in the Bible. So we arn't we off, the only difference is that Christians believe that Jesus was the chosen on, Jewish are still waiting for the chosen one. So i guess Jewish convert to Christianity because we are probably the closest considering we share the same roots.
Why are Jewish people so discriminated against and despised?
Jews are despised for small and big reasons. Small reasons include petty ones, like they're generally successful and people get jealous of their cohesiveness, those who generally lack community and such.
If we go for big global reasons, meaning why entire nations hate jews, it is because the Jewish people cannot be destroyed, and people who don't want to accept that God chose them as witness to His existence cannot understand why this is so, so they try to destroy them, and they always fail.
Christian and Muslim religious-based anti Semitism stems from the fact that the Jews are actually back in Israel for a third time as God promised, and if God really did not break the covenant he made with them at Sinai, then Christian and Muslim theology, based on the assumption that God ended His agreement with the Jews and they no longer have any realtionship with God, are both in serious trouble.
Jews being back in Israel makes supercessionist Christians and almost all Muslims theologically nervous. So they hate Israel and Jews. If they can get them out of Israel, they can "prove" that they really are no longer God's people.
What kind of foods can Jews eat?
Jews are required by the Torah to eat Kosher food. The Torah defines Kosher animals as those which have BOTH a completely split hoof (hoof print consists of two sides) and chew their cud. Non-kosher birds are listed, all others are kosher. In actuality some of these names have become obscure, therefore only birds that have a continuous history of being used such as chickens or pigeons may be used. Kosher animals and birds must specially slaughtered, soaked, and salted to be eaten so as to remove most of the blood. Liver must always be broiled. Fish must have fins and scales. Meat and diary cannot be cooked or consumed together. In the land of Israel, additional prohibitions apply to grain, fruit and vegetables, that may not be eaten before the proper tithing has taken place. There are additional rabbinic prohibitions such as the bread, cheese, or wine made by a non Jew. On Passover, the Torah prohibits leavened products. Because the Torah prohibits bugs and insects, with the exception of some species of grasshoppers (no longer familiar to most Jews,) many religious Jews will not eat vegetables none to be infested with small insects unless they are specially cleaned and inspected. The fruit from newly planted trees is also prohibited for the first four years. Aside from that, most other foods are permissible.
the sobibor was closed because the government military searched the camp and jailed Franz Stangl. He was let out in 1945 and became commander of Treblinka. Sobibor had no leader or boss to control the camp....
How many Jews died in Denmark during Holocaust?
Denmarks was the Nazi-occupied country that suffered the LEAST Jews killed, as most of the Danish Jews were shipped to Sweden just in time. The figure usually given is 116 Danish Jews killed by the Nazis.
What language did the ancient Hebrews speak?
It depends at what point, but mainly Hebrew and Aramaic.
Scriptural Narrative
1. The explanation in the Bible is that it started with a man named Abraham who lived in Ur [Babylon]. God commanded him to move to Caanan, so he did, taking with him Abraham, his son, and Sarah, his wife. * Then there was Joseph [the one with the colourful coat]. After being sold into slavery in Egypt and rising to high position there, in a time of famine he moved his relatives, and thus, Judaism, to Egypt. * A few generations later Egyptians again ruled over them (many report that the slaves were Jews) but it was the Hebrews as slaves. The Jews are not mentioned till later. In John 8:33 The Jews said they were never in bondage to any man. God promised to Moses the freedom of the Hebrews, and not the Jews as many have reported. The ten plagues were visited upon Egypt, and Moses led the Hebrews back to Canaan.
2. The term "Jew" is first used in the Old Testament in the Book of Esther 2:5. * The term "Jews" is first used in the Book of 2 Kings 16:6. * The Hebrews are mentioned only (And Not the Jews) in the first 5 Books of Moses. * It refers to the people, primarily members of the tribes of Judah, Benjamin, and Levi, who were exiled from the Land of Israel when the Kingdom of Judah was defeated. * Background: After the time of King Solomon (David's son) the nation of Israel split into 2 kingdoms: the Kingdom of Israel and the Kingdom of Judah. The Kingdom of Judah's capital was Jerusalem, on the border between the tribes of Judah and Benjamin, and included those 2 tribes, and the tribe of Levi (who were very connected to the Temple in Jerusalem). The Kingdom of Israel and the Kingdom of Judah were both defeated and forced into exile. The Kingdom of Judah, on the other hand, maintained many attributes of a nation, including a connection to a land and a set of beliefs (which of course includes many variations). Many of them returned to the Land of Israel after approximately 70 years in exile, and re-established their kingdom in Israel for roughly 400 years before being defeated by the Romans. * It is true that the Kingdom of Judah (and therefore the Jews) does includes only part of the original Nation of Israel, but 2 relevant points:
According to the censuses in the Bible, the Kingdom of Judah was similar in size to the Kingdom of Israel, and included more than just the tribe of Judah, so the claim that "Jews" refers to just 1/12 of the original Nation of Israel is inaccurate.
The Kingdom of Israel was dispersed, and maintained no connection to their original identity. Therefore the Jews constitute the only group that considers themselves to be part of the original convenant between God and the Nation of Israel, and bound by that covenant.
3. In Israel. Read the books of Genesis, Exodus, Judges, 1st and 2nd Samuel and 1st Kings to get a good idea of their early history. They wound up scattered all over Europe because the Romans destroyed their country and deported them in 72 A.D. Jewish tradition names Abraham as their first ancestor. He came from Ur, and was most likely a tribal leader who brought his people west towards Canaan, a land promised to his descendants by God. Contemporary writings attest to a group of tribes known as "Habiru", "Hapiru" or "Abiru" that came from the deserts and cities of Iran and Iraq. They seem to be separate from the nomads and bedouins we know of today, and held quite a lot of power, and posed a threat to the kingdoms already occupying the lands they passed through. The Bible shows Abraham in contact with several of these kingdoms, possibly as a mercenary, and he bought land in Hebron as a burial ground for his wife and himself. * The Jews were probably a loose confederation of different tribes, some of which went to Egypt during times of famine and gradually came to be slaves until the great Exodus. The Bible makes it clear that there were already kinsmen of theirs in Canaan, when they came back and gradually took over the land of the ancient Canaanites, as promised by God. * Like most other nations, they probably originated as groups of separate peoples, who came together during times of stress, unified by a common God and history.
4. Please see the link SimpleToRemember.
5. Abraham, Isaac, Jacob and their families lived in the Holy Land. Their earlier ancestors came from Mesopotamia.
What Scholars Propose
For the original population, as distinct from today's Jewish population (see above): Currently biblical scholars recognize three possible scenarios explaining Israel's rise to power in Canaan:
1. the Conquest theory: that Israelites came in from the outside and conquered the land;
2. the Peaceful Settlement theory: in which it is argued that Israelites entered gradually, settling in the sparsely populated areas of the central highlands; and
3. the Peasant Revolt or Social Revolution theory: that Canaanites rose up against their overlords. See link The Problem of Israel's Origin.
Another Answer
Our tradition (Jewish tradition) is that we are descendants of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob as described in the Biblical book of Genesis. Abraham was born in Ur; and his ancestors and relatives lived in the Fertile Crescent adjacent to the Euphrates river. This tradition has been substantiated by DNA analysis of Jewish communities all over the world, showing them to be inter-related and of Middle Eastern origin. We possess the names, dates, and (in some cases) the family trees of our ancestors and leaders in an unbroken chain for 3800 years.
Abraham, tenth generation descendant of Noah, of Hebrew lineage, was the son of Terah, uncle of Lot, father of Isaac, grandfather of Jacob, and ancestor of the Israelites. His story is in Genesis ch.11 (end), through ch.25. Jewish tradition states that he was the first to teach belief in One God; and it is in his merit that Jews continue to exist (Genesis 18:19, and ch.17).
Abraham (18th century BCE) came from ancestry that had been God-fearing a couple of centuries earlier but had afterwards slipped into idolatry (Joshua 24:2). Nimrod, the idolatrous tyrant, had brought Abraham's father (Terah) from the Semitic ancestral seat near the conjunction of the Balikh and the Euphrates, and instated him in a position of power in his army in the royal Babylonian city of Ur, where Abraham was born. Nimrod persecuted any who would question his idolatrous cult.
The Kuzari (Rabbi Judah HaLevi, 1075-1141) states that Abraham was gifted with high intelligence; and, as Maimonides (1135-1204) describes, Abraham didn't blindly accept the ubiquitous idolatry. The whole populace had been duped, but the young Abraham contemplated the matter relentlessly, finally arriving at the conclusion that there is One God and that this should be taught to others as well. This is what is meant by his "calling out in the name of the Lord" (Genesis ch.12). As a young man, he remonstrated with passersby in public, demonstrating to them the falsehood of their idols; and our tradition tells how he was threatened and endangered by Nimrod.
Subsequently, Terah relocated to Harran; and it is here that Abraham began to develop a circle of disciples (Rashi commentary, on Genesis 12:5).
Later, God told Abraham in prophecy to move to the Holy Land, which is where Abraham raised his family.
He continued his contemplations, eventually arriving at the attitudes and forms of behavior which God later incorporated into the Torah given to Moses. Abraham taught disciples (Talmud, Yoma 28b), gave tithes (Genesis ch.14), strove to raise a family (Genesis ch.15, 17, and 24) which would serve God (Genesis 18:19), made a covenant with God (Genesis ch.15 and 17), welcomed guests into his home (Genesis ch.18) unlike the inhospitable Sodomites (Genesis ch.19), prayed for people (Genesis ch.18), rebuked others when necessary (Genesis ch.20), eulogized and buried the deceased (Genesis ch.23), and fulfilled God's will unquestioningly (Genesis ch.22). He became renowned as a prince of God (Genesis 23:6).
All of these forms of behavior were based upon the ways of God, which Abraham comprehended through his contemplations. These, and similar personality traits, were the teachings of Abraham and his descendants.
It is therefore clear why God expresses His love for Abraham (Isaiah 41:8) and calls Himself the God of Abraham (Genesis 26:24), and says that Abraham obeyed Him fully (Genesis 26:5). And this is why, according to our tradition, Abraham is credited with having begun the religion which became known as Judaism. However, Abraham and his descendants observed their traditions voluntarily, until the Giving of the Torah to Moses 3325 years ago, when God made it obligatory.
An Historical View:
The people who became the Hebrews were part of the general Semitic people of the eastern Mediterranean. They were known to the Egyptians as Habiru - hill tribes of pastoralists and brigands in the highlands of what became Judah. These tribes became better organised and started to expand their territory. The stories of David and Solomon are much exaggerated - witness the archaeological absence of all the palaces etc claimed; they were most likely over-chief of a confederation of tribes.
However by the 8th Century BCE the tribes had a territorial area from Galilee to Jerusalem. The northern tribes were conquered by the Assyrians in the latter part of that century, and their aristocracy taken off to Assyria, replaced by a foreign one which would be unlikely to sympathise with fomenting rebellion against Assyrian rule (so no, the ten tribes were not deported and lost, the mass of people remained). Nearly a century and a half later, the same thing happened to the southern kingdom, at the hands of the Babylonians - the aristocracy deported, the people remaining behind.
Judaism was a missionary religion, converting people all around the Mediterranean and then further afield later on. The actual ethnicity of Jews expanded well beyond the Semitic people known as Hebrews. Just as Greeks transitioned to people who adopted Greek culture, and Slavs the people who adopted Slavic culture, Jews became people who adopted Jewish culture. Over the centuries, quite different ethnics have come under the umbrella of all those cultures, with wide varieties of skin colour, physical characteristics, language and religion.
When did Jews stop offering animals sacrifices and replace it with prayer?
The Jews stopped offering animal sacrifices in 70 CE, after the Temple was destroyed and therefore they no longer had a sacred place in which to offer sacrifices. The Rabbis argued that the purpose of the sacrifice was to draw someone closer to God and that prayer could effectively do this in the absence of the Temple.
Was Moses a real person according to Jewish tradition?
Yes, he was. This Jewish tradition has been handed down for over 3,300 years by the entire Jewish nation, and accepted by Christians and Muslims as well. Moses is mentioned many times in the Torah and Rabbinic literature. He is also mentioned by ancient non-Jewish writers going back over 2,300 years, including Hecataeus, Strabo, Alexander Polyhistor, Manetho, Apion, Chaeremon, Tacitus, and Porphyry. Non-religious ancient Jewish sources mention him too, such as Artapanus, Eupolemus, Josephus and Philo.
Why did the Jewish people like the Pharisees?
This question does not specify time and the answer is different based on when this question takes place.
If this is in reference to the Roman Period: The Pharisees were a populist movement, therefore they catered to the interests of the Jewish people. They opposed the Sadducees who represented elite interests and the Priestly class in general. Smaller movements like the Essenes were littered about, but the Pharisees were the most popular because they covered a large base.
If this is in reference to anything after the Roman Period: The Jewish people ARE the Pharisees and Pharisaic Traditions. So the question at this point is more along the lines of "Why do the Jewish people like their own take on religion?" which is a nonsensical question. (If you didn't like your take on religion, you would change it.)
What are some conflicts Judaism has had?
All proselytizing religions have a tendency to cause conflicts. It is the natural consequence of believing that only your religion is true. However, Judaism hasn't actively sought converts in over 2000 years and even then, has never been a single truth religion. In other words, Judaism has always taught that there are different paths for different people. What most people aren't familiar with is the Jewish concept of Noahide - the path to righteousness for non-Jews.
It should be noted that although the Tanakh (Jewish Bible) specified that the Israelites were supposed to kill all of their enemies, both the Tanakh and Jewish historical documentation specify that this never happened. Modern historians and archeologists support this.
Why and how did the Jews come to Venice?
The "why" is pretty straightforward. Jews could make a living in Venice as merchants. Although the Anti-Semitism there was potent, it had not risen to the point where they were actively excluded from the city and so, they lived there.
As to how they arrived, some came overland from other areas of Italy or Austria. However, the majority came from the Ottoman Empire on trading missions and chose to stay.
The commandments to be found in the Torah are commonly distilled down into a list of 613, known as the Taryag Mitzvot. The list compiled by Maimonides, a great medieval philosopher and rabbi, is generally considered the most authentic
When did Jewish culture originate?
The culture built up over time, alongside the religion, since the culture is an adjunct and a product. Therefore it makes more sense to speak of when Judaism itself originated.
Judaism was founded 3800 years ago.
Abraham (18th century BCE), tenth-generation descendant of Noah, of Hebrew lineage, was the son of Terah, uncle of Lot, father of Isaac, grandfather of Jacob, and forefather of the Israelites. His story is in Genesis ch.11 (end), through ch.25. Jewish tradition states that he was the first to actively spread belief in One God; and it is in his merit that Jews continue to exist (Genesis 18:19, and ch.17).
Abraham became the first to advance the idea of ethical monotheism: the worship of One God, and the appropriate ethical code of conduct.
The Kuzari (Rabbi Judah HaLevi, 1075-1141) states that Abraham was gifted with high intelligence; and, as Maimonides (1135-1204) describes, Abraham didn't blindly accept the ubiquitous idolatry. The whole populace had been duped, but the young Abraham contemplated the matter relentlessly, finally arriving at the conclusion that there is One God and that this should be taught to others as well. This is what is meant by his "calling out in the name of the Lord" (Genesis ch.12). As a young man, he remonstrated with passersby in public, demonstrating to them the falsehood of their idols; and our tradition tells how he was threatened and endangered by Nimrod.
Subsequently, Terah relocated to Harran; and it is here that Abraham began to develop a circle of disciples (Rashi commentary, on Genesis 12:5).
Later, God told Abraham in prophecy to move to the Holy Land, which is where he raised his family.
He continued his contemplations, eventually arriving at the attitudes and forms of behavior which God later incorporated into the Torah given to Moses.
Abraham became the greatest thinker of all time. His originality, perseverance, strength of conviction, and influence, cannot be overestimated.
Abraham, with God's help, trounced the supremacy of the evil Nimrod.
He received God's promise of inheriting the Holy Land (Genesis ch.13).
He strove to raise a family (Genesis ch.15, 17, and 24) which would serve God (Genesis 18:19); and God eventually blessed his efforts, granting him numerous descendants (ibid., ch.16, 21 and 25), in keeping with His promise (Genesis ch.17).
Abraham founded the Jewish people and lived to see his work live on in the persons of Isaac and Jacob; and he taught many other disciples as well (Talmud, Yoma 28b).
He saved the population of the south of Canaan from invading foreign kings (Genesis 14); and he was feared by neighboring kings (ibid., ch.12 and 20).
Abraham gave tithes (Genesis ch.14), entered into a covenant with God (Genesis ch.15 and 17), welcomed guests into his home (Genesis ch.18) unlike the inhospitable Sodomites (Genesis ch.19), prayed for people (Genesis ch.18), rebuked others when necessary (Genesis ch.20), eulogized and buried the deceased (Genesis ch.23), and fulfilled God's will unquestioningly (Genesis ch.22). He became renowned as a prince of God (Genesis 23:6).
The gravesite of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob and their wives (Genesis 49:29-32) is located in Hebron and has been known and attested to for many centuries.
All of the above practices of Abraham were based upon the ways of God, which Abraham understood through his contemplations. These, and similar personality traits, were the teachings of Abraham and his descendants (unlike idolatry, which had no moral character; with worship of the gods accompanied by things such as human sacrifice, "sacred" prostitution, and animal worship).
It is therefore clear why God expresses His love for Abraham (Isaiah 41:8) and calls Himself the God of Abraham (Genesis 26:24), and says that Abraham obeyed Him fully (Genesis 26:5). And this is why Abraham is credited with having begun the religion which became known as Judaism. (However, Abraham and his descendants observed their traditions voluntarily, until the Giving of the Torah to Moses 3325 years ago, when God made it obligatory.)
What did the Ancient Hebrews trade?
By around 700 BCE, camels were being used to cross the Jordanian desert, providing new trading opportunities for Judah, particularly as a transit point for trade between the east and Mediterranean ports. With its new wealth, Judah could absorb Israelite refugees after the destruction of Israel in 722, and its population grew rapidly.
Jews of the diaspora were expected to help support the Jerusalem Temple, and their pilgrimages also added to the Judean economy. By the beginning of the Christian era, 'God fearers' became an important new source of revenue for Jerusalem. These were pagans who wanted to be sure to worship all the gods for fear of offending any. Since the Jewish God could only be worshipped in Jerusalem, they added to the economic welfare of Judea.
How do Jews view the Holocaust?
It depends on their background: Ashkenazi Jews view it as the "quintessential tragedy of the 20th century."
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For many Jews the Holocaust has become a central and integral part of Jewish identity: they have become, so to speak, 'the People of the Holocaust', though this expression is not used. It may be the case that this is felt more strongly by secular (that is, non-religious) Jews than by practising religious Jews.
The Holocaust raises a number of difficult theological questions, and not only for Judaism.
Why did the Zionism opposed the creation of a Jewish state in palestine?
Some Orthodox Jews did not approve of the modern nation of Israel, because it was created by humans via the United Nations. It was not directly created by God. Most Jews have no problem with the modern nation of Israel, and those Orthodox Jews are in the minority as far as most Jews are concerned.
Why are Jews good at making money?
Not all Jews are smart and rich, there are poor Jews, too. It is too broad of a generalization to claim that all (or even most) Jews are rich. The reason that many Jews are smart and rich is that the Jewish culture values education. Those Jews that are rich tend to give to charity, because the Jewish religion puts an emphasis on giving to charitable causes, too. I do not know why some Jews are so smart, but I do know that Albert Einstein was Jewish.
How did world war 2 affect Sweden?
Sweden remained neutral during World War II despite its close location to Germany and other involved countries. Franco British allies granted support in the war on the condition that they could pass through neutral Norway and Sweden instead of taking the road through Soviet occupied Russia. In 1943, Sweden housed all of Denmark's Jews and took in Jews from Norway and Finland. It is reported that Sweden aided and helped more Jews than any other country during the war.
See related links for more information.
What role did Abraham play in earth Hebrew history?
Abraham is the Patriarch, meaning founder, of the Jewish religion.
ANOTHER ANSWER:
Abraham "IS" a most important figure for "all of mankind" to this day and into our future... not just for the Jews. It's Abraham's descendants, the tribe of "Judah" [the Jews] through whom the Messiah is traced. The One through whom "all the families [nations] of the world shall [eventually] be blessed" [receive Salvation; saved from the Second Death].
"...in thee shall all families of the earth be blessed." (Gen.12:3 KJV)
"He that hath an ear, let him hear what the Spirit saith unto the churches; He that overcometh [the wicked pulls of the flesh and the world - through Faith] shall not be hurt of the Second Death." (Rev.2:11 KJV)
The Salvation of the whole earth [not just the Jews] was made possible through Faithful, Obedient Abraham and the LORD's [Jesus Christ's - see John 1:1-3] original covenant [agreement] with him:
"Because that Abraham OBEYED MY VOICE, and kept My charge, My COMMANDMENTS, My statutes, and My Laws." (Gen.26:5 KJV)
Mankind [all of mankind] traces his salvation through the Faithful man, Abraham:
"For the Promise [from Jesus Christ, the Creator God of the Old Testament], that he should be the HEIR OF THE WORLD, was not to Abraham, or to his seed, through the Law, but through the Righteousness of Faith." (Rom.4:13 KJV)
"KNOW YE THEREFORE that they which are of Faith, THE SAME ARE THE CHILDREN OF ABRAHAM." (Gal.3:7 KJV)
"And IF YE BE CHRIST's [through Faith], then are ye Abraham's seed, and HEIRS according to the Promise." (verse 29)
Abraham's importance isn't "past tense" -- it looks forward to the FUTURE! For the whole world; to all the generations of man.
"Because the Scripture [the Divinely-revealed Living Word of God - the Bible] foresaw that God would bring the heathen into Right Standing with Himself on condition of Faith, He beforehand proclaimed the Good News to Abraham in the Promise, 'It is through you that all the heathen will be blessed." (Gal.3:8 WNTWilliam's New Testament)
"For assuredly it is not to angels that He [God] is continually reaching a helping hand, but it is to the descendants of Abraham. And for this purpose it was necessary that in all respects He should be made to resemble His brothers, so that He might become a Compassionate and Faithful High Priest in things relating to God, in order to atone for the sins of the people. (Heb.2:16-17 WEY Weymouth's New Testament)
It's mankind that needs to learn to emulate the Faith of its Faithful father, Abraham, by its actions, deeds, works:
"...Take the case of Abraham our forefather. Was it, or was it not, because of his actions that he was declared to be Righteous as the result of his having offered up his son Isaac upon the altar? You notice that his Faith was co-operating with his actions, and that by his actions his Faith was Perfected; and the Scripture was fulfilled which says, 'And Abraham BELIEVED God, and his Faith was placed to his credit as Righteousness,' and he received the name of 'God's friend.' You ALL see [not just 'you Jews see'] that it is because of actions that a man is pronounced Righteous, and not simply because of Faith." (James 2:20-24 WEY)
Abraham's Faith and Actions are important to the whole world; because when God opens up the books of the Bible, His written Word, to Judge all of mankind on Judgment Day... Abraham's Faith and Actions will be the example God will cite regarding Righteousness and Right Character and Right living, which shall be the "measuring stick" by which all of mankind's deeds shall be weighed.
"...I saw a Great White Throne, and I saw the One who was sitting on it... And the books [of the Bible] were opened, including the Book of Life. And the [resurrected] dead [all of mankind] were Judged according to the things written in the books, according to what they had done... They were all Judged according to their deeds. And death and the grave were thrown into the Lake of Fire. THIS IS THE SECOND DEATH - the Lake of Fire. And anyone whose name was not found recorded in the Book of Life was thrown into the Lake of Fire." (Rev.20:12-15 NLT New Living Translation)
Abraham's example on how to live in Peace with God and one's fellow man is exemplary with our Creator and worthy of emulation. The whole world can benefit from his importance to God. All of God's Children should behave as well as Abraham... instead of embracing every form and depth of wickedness as it actually does.
"Try to live in Peace with everyone, and seek to live a clean and holy life, for those who are not holy will not see the LORD. Look after each other so that none of you will miss out on the special favor of God. Watch out that no bitter root of unbelief rises up among you, for whenever it springs up, many are corrupted by its poison." (Heb.12:14-15 NLT)
Abraham's life; his Faith and Actions, is important to all of mankind... past, present and future... whether they know it or not. He is the Faithful, Righteous man through whose descendants, the Jews, God chose to be born and save the world.
"Let the one who is doing wrong continue to do wrong; the one who is vile, continue to be vile; the one who is good, continue to do good; and the one who is holy, continue in holiness. See, I AM coming soon, and My Reward is with Me, to repay all according to their deeds." (Rev.22:11-12 NLT)
In the Judgment, how many people will "measure up" to Abraham's important Righteous examples of Faith and Works?
How long did the pogroms in Russia last?
The official death toll released by the Procurator General of the USSR (tallies were compiled based on lists of named victims) was 32 people (26 Armenians and 6 Azerbaijanis), although some have revised this figure up into the tens and hundreds. Source: Wikipedia via Google search
What was the purpose of pogroms?
Pogroms were a way that non-Jews manifested their anger with Jews over perceived grievances. Many rulers and clerics though it was easier to blame the Jews for problems like crop failures, disease, raids and defeats by enemies, and other issues than to be honest that they had no viable solution. Believing these lies, non-Jews attacked the Jewish community in "reprisal".
Why did helmuth hate the Jews?
It was not just Heinrich Himmler who hated Jews. Most of Austria and Germany hated Jews. They had this false idea that the Jews were the cause of World War 1 and that they controlled the world. Himmler was just an ignorant, insecure man who fell for a madman.
What are the characteristics of the supreme being of the ancient Hebrews?
The Creator of the universe.
Dictionaries define "Judaism" as The monotheistic religion of the Jews, since the founding principle of Judaism was and is the belief in One ethical God. This was the teaching which was spread by Abraham, and has continued since then. From Judaism, belief in One God has spread through the Western world.
