Intel 8085

On a near call, the stack pointer is 2 less than its original value. On a far call, it is 4 less.

(b) -> ffffh

(c) -> fffeh

fffeh -> sp

it is possible.

set any register to its maximum value i.e the registers being 8 bit registers FF (hexadecimal) and then increment it by using INR insrtuction.

256

The RAR and RAL instructions require one byte to specify, and four T-cycles to execute, on the 8085.

The keyless entry pad can use two codes to unlock the doors, the factory code and your own personal code. To program your own personal entry code into the keyless entry pad , select five digits that are not in sequence or use the same button five times. 1 - enter the factory set code 2 - within 5 seconds, press the 1/2 button 3 -within 5 seconds of pressing the 1/2 button, enter your personal code, pressing each digit within 5 seconds of the previous digit. The keyless entry system registers this second code, so you can unlock the doors with the factory code or your personal code.

An offset address is a relative address rather than an absolute address. You use offsets to refer to memory relative to an absolute address. For instance, array indices are implemented using offsets from the start address of the array, such that element 0 is at offset 0 and element 5 is at offset 5.

The 8085 microprocessor's AD bus goes into high impedance state before switching as a data input bus because you don't want two bus drivers driving the bus at the same time. You give the bus time to float between transfer of control, otherwise there will be large power transients at switchover, and you could damage the drivers.

There is no maximum pin in the 8085. In the 8086/8088, however, there is a min/max pin, called MN/MX-, that is used to configure whether certain bus control signals are provided by the 8086/8088, or by the 8288 bus controller. In the latter case, this frees up several pins for other, more sophisticated, i.e. maximum mode, uses.

The register that stores the result of (an arithmetic) or logical result is the accumulator.

1. Fetch

2. Decode

3. Execute

It is exactly what 'near' means: change IP, keep CS

4.3 firing order 165432

1-6-5-4-3-2

distributor rotor turns clockwise

the difference is that jump changes the eip pointer register to another memory location and continues the execution from the point it jumped. the call is like a function call in languages like C because it saves the memory location of the next instruction to the stack, so then with a ret instruction you can pop out from the stack that saved memory location to jump back again exactly after the call event.

An address bus cannot be bidirectional because it is designed to carry signals from the central processing unit (CPU) to memory or I/O devices, specifying the address of the data to be accessed. Allowing bidirectional communication would complicate the bus design and synchronization, as it would require mechanisms to manage which device is sending and receiving data at any given time. This could lead to conflicts and increased complexity in circuit design, which is why the address bus is typically unidirectional.

An instruction is a command to the microprocessor to perform a given task on specified data. Each instruction has two parts:

One is task to be performed,called the operation code (opcode).

Second is the data to be operated on, called the operand. It can be specified in various ways,it may include 8bit/16bit data, an internal register, a memory location , or 8bit/16bit address. In some instructions, the operand is implicit.

The 8085 instruction set is classified into three groups according to Word size.

They are-

1. One word / 1 byte instructions

2. Ttwo word / 2byte instructions

3. Three word / 3byte instructions

Masking the interrupt refers to the process of disabling specific interrupts in a computer system to prevent them from being processed by the CPU. This is typically done to ensure that critical sections of code are executed without interruption, thus avoiding potential data corruption or inconsistencies. By masking certain interrupts, a system can prioritize tasks and maintain stability during important operations. Once the critical section is complete, interrupts can be unmasked to restore normal operation.

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cleavage.

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pc and stack pointer

Udyam registration is the new, online and convenient process for Udyam registration of the MSMEs. The Udyam registration has replaced Udyog Aadhar which was the old process for Udyam registration. The Udyam registration has eased the process for the registration under MSME. You can register your enterprise with our website within a few clicks and enjoy various benefits under MSME schemes provided by the government. So, in this article, we will learn how to apply for Udyam registration.

Candidate Name: Enter the candidate's name in the given field, as referenced on the Aadhar card.

Portable Number: Enter the candidate's substantial 10-digit versatile number, without country code.

Email ID: Enter the candidate's legitimate email id for the candidate's affirmation and authentication shipped off the given email ID.

Office Address: Enter the candidate's right and full office address area including state, region, and Pincode.

Pincode: Enter the Correct Pin Code.

Area and State: Enter the right District and State.

Social Category: Choose a social class from the given choices.

IFSC Code: Enter the right IFSC Code.

Business Name: Mention the candidate's business name to be imprinted on the Udyam endorsement.

Date of Commencement of Business: Mention the date of the candidate's business on which it was begun.

Kind of Organization: Select the sort of association from the given choices.

Principle Business Activity of Enterprise: Select the fundamental business movement from the given choices.

Extra Details about Business: Applicants can enter some extra data about their business. E.g., Food Product Manufacturing, Computer showcasing, and so forth

Number of Employees: Applicants need to enter the quantity of dynamic representatives in his/her firm.

Submit Application: Click on the submit button subsequent to giving every one of the subtleties.

NOTE: Applicants need to present an Aadhar and PAN card, when the installment has been effectively finished.

The compare and subtract instructions in the 8085 both subtract one operand from another, and set flags accordingly. The subtract instruction stores the result in the accumulator, while the compare instruction does not - except for the flags, the compare instruction "throws" the result away.

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