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Learning Theories
A learning theory is an effort to give description on how a person learns, as well as animals, to understand the complex learning process. Learning theories fall on three philosophical frameworks or main categories: cognitivism, behaviorism and constructivism.
3,416 Questions
Deductive analysis is a method of reasoning that involves making specific conclusions based on general principles or theories. It starts with a hypothesis and then tests it against available evidence in order to reach a logical conclusion. This approach is commonly used in mathematics, philosophy, and scientific research to establish relationships between ideas.
What occurs during the perception process?
During the perception process, individuals select, organize, and interpret sensory information to make sense of the world around them. This process involves the brain filtering and processing incoming stimuli to create a meaningful understanding of the environment and situations. Factors such as past experiences, emotions, and cognitive biases can influence how individuals perceive and interpret information.
What is a sentence for embraced?
She embraced the challenge. He knew he was in love with her the first time they embraced. The word embraced is a verb.
What are the disadvantages of lecture method of teaching?
Beginners in the subject may struggle to continue conversation.
Quieter students may not actively contribute without being called on.
Discussion is not as affective as lecture for learning new information.
Students have to learn the material in a more disorganized manner.
What are the three types of learning?
Benjamin Bloom was the head of a committee of colleges in 1956; they came up with the idea that there are three basic domains or areas of learning. This is known as Bloom's Taxonomy of Learning Domains.
Each category or area has certain skills, and each skill must be learned before you can move on and learn the next one; in other words, you have to learn each set of skills in order.
Under each category, there will be a list of "Key Words" which will give you clear examples of what sort of behavior fits into each one; these can also be used as behavioral objectives when you are teaching these skills.
Knowledge - being able to recall facts and information; being able to memorize
Key Words: defines, describes, identifies, knows, labels, lists, matches, names, outlines, recalls, recognizes, reproduces, selects, states
Comprehension - being able to understand meanings, translate, interpolate, and interpret instructions and problems; being able to state something in your own words
Key Words: comprehends, converts, defends, distinguishes, estimates, explains, extends, generalizes, gives Examples, infers, interprets, paraphrases, predicts, rewrites, summarizes, translates.
Application - being able to use a concept in a new situation; being able to take what you learned in school and use it in real life
Key Words: applies, changes, computes, constructs, demonstrates, discovers, manipulates, modifies, operates, predicts, prepares, produces, relates, shows, solves, uses.
Analysis - being able to separate material or concepts into component parts so that you can understand the organizational structure; being able to tell the difference between facts and inferences or hypotheses
Key Words: analyzes, breaks down, compares, contrasts, diagrams, deconstructs, differentiates, discriminates, distinguishes, identifies, illustrates, infers, outlines, relates, selects, separates
Synthesis - being able to take different facts and ideas and create a structure or pattern; being able to build a structure or pattern from parts
Key Words: categorizes, combines, compiles, composes, creates, devises, designs, explains, generates, modifies, organizes, plans, rearranges, reconstructs, relates, reorganizes, revises, rewrites, summarizes, tells, writes.
Evaluation - being able to make logical judgments about the value of ideas or information
Key Words: appraises, compares, concludes, contrasts, criticizes, critiques, defends, describes, discriminates, evaluates, explains, interprets, justifies, relates, summarizes, supports.
this area involves emotions and the way that we handle them. There are five categories of emotional learning.
Receiving - being aware, willingness to take in information, and able to pay attention
Key Words: asks, chooses, describes, follows, gives, holds, identifies, locates, names, points to, selects, sits, erects, replies, uses.
Responding - being an active participant; being willing to respond to things
Key Words: answers, assists, aids, complies, conforms, discusses, greets, helps, labels, performs, practices, presents, reads, recites, reports, selects, tells, writes
Valuing - being able to attach worth or value to things; this ranges from just accepting things all the way to being totally committed
Key Words: completes, demonstrates, differentiates, explains, follows, forms, initiates, invites, joins, justifies, proposes, reads, reports, selects, shares, studies, works.
Organizing - being able to make priorities, resolve conflicts, and create a value system
Key Words: adheres, alters, arranges, combines, compares, completes, defends, explains, formulates, generalizes, identifies, integrates, modifies, orders, organizes, prepares, relates, synthesizes.
Internalizing - having your own internal value system which controls your behavior; your value system must be consistent, predictable, lasting, and unique to your own mind
Key Words: acts, discriminates, displays, influences, listens, modifies, performs, practices, proposes, qualifies, questions, revises, serves, solves, verifies.
(not actually included in Bloom's original work, but created in 1972 by E.J. Simpson) - this area involves physical movement, coordination, and motor skills. These skills can all be measured in terms of speed, precision, distance, procedures, or techniques in execution. There are seven categories.
Perception - being able to use your senses to guide your movements; being aware of the world around you as you move
Key Words: chooses, describes, detects, differentiates, distinguishes, identifies, isolates, relates, selects
Set - being ready to act; this includes your "mindset," which means physical, mental, and emotional readiness
Key Words: begins, displays, explains, moves, proceeds, reacts, shows, states, volunteers.
Guided Response - practicing the skills by imitation and trial and error; this is the early stage of learning a physical skill
Key Words: begins, displays, explains, moves, proceeds, reacts, shows, states, volunteers.
Mechanism - being able to perform skills by habit, with confidence, and proficiently; this is the intermediate stage of learning a physical skill
Key Words: assembles, calibrates, constructs, dismantles, displays, fastens, fixes, grinds, heats, manipulates, measures, mends, mixes, organizes, sketches.
Complex Overt Response - skillful performance of complicated movements; proficiency is indicated by a quick, accurate, and highly coordinated performance, requiring a minimum of energy. This category includes performing without hesitation, and automatic performance.
Key Words - the same as for Mechanism, but with adverbs or adjectives that indicate you have become faster or better
Adaptation - being skillful enough to adapt the movements to your own body or style; being able to modify movements to suit your specific needs
Key Words: adapts, alters, changes, rearranges, reorganizes, revises, varies.
Origination - creating new movement patterns to fit a specific problem or situation; being creative and using highly developed physical skills
Key Words: arranges, builds, combines, composes, constructs, creates, designs, initiate, makes, originates.
from R.H. Dave, 1975
- Imitation: Observing and patterning behavior after someone else. Performance may be of low quality.
- Manipulation: Being able to perform certain actions by following instructions and practicing.
- Precision: Refining, becoming more exact. Few errors are apparent.
- Articulation: Coordinating a series of actions, achieving harmony and internal consistency.
- Naturalization: Having high level performance become natural, without needing to think much about it
- Reflex movements - Reactions that are not learned.
- Fundamental movements - Basic movements such as walking, or grasping.
- Perception - Response to stimuli such as visual, auditory, kinesthetic, or tactile discrimination.
- Physical abilities - Stamina that must be developed for further development such as strength and agility.
- Skilled movements - Advanced learned movements as one would find in sports or acting.
- No discursive communication - Effective body language, such as gestures and facial expressions.
How is religion important in social norm values?
Religion is important in social norm values because it gives people a sense of morality. Religious values are what people may base their ideas of right and wrong on, based on the religious texts and teachings.
What are the strengths and weaknesses of the cognitive approach?
Strengths:
Cognitive Psychology is probably the most dominant approach today:
1. It investigates many areas of interest in Psychology that had been neglected by behaviourism; yet, unlike psychoanalysis and humanism, it investigates them using a more rigorous scientific method.
2. This approach has tended to use a scientific approach through the use of laboratory experiments, as shown in the Loftus & Palmer study.
Weaknesses:
Cognitive models have been accused of being:
1. Over simplistic - ignoring the huge complexity of human functioning compared to computer functioning.
2. Unrealistic and over hypothetical - ignoring the biological influences and grounding of mental processes.
Editorial news is meant to inflict an opinion on a news story. It can be used to influence the public and cause action to be taken on an issue. In short, editorial news is opinionated news. An example of this would be an article on free speech in the press.
In learning theories what the main points of the theory including pavlor examples Google answer?
"Google answer"? If you know what a google search is, why did you ask one of us to do it for you? It took longer for you to come here and type out your answer, choose a category, and enter your question! You could have just gone to google yourself and gotten the answer. It's not like the internet has distances and google was just too far away for you!
Give definition meaning and uses of a question bank?
TO TEST STUDET UNDERSTANDING OF A SUBJECT.
TO GUIDE THE STUDENT TO LEARN A LESSON DEEPLY.
TO DEVELOP QUSTIONING SKILL AMONG STUDENTS AND HIGHER LEVEL THINKING.
BY Dr.KOKILA THANGASAMY
Digital grasp refers to the ability to effectively manipulate digital tools and technologies to accomplish tasks or achieve goals, such as using software programs, navigating online platforms, or understanding digital interfaces. It involves skills like proficiency in using computers, smartphones, software applications, and internet services.
What are the differences between official curriculum and hidden curriculum?
can be compared with a bias
What are the benefits of informal teams in the police?
Informal teams in the police can foster better communication and camaraderie among officers, which can lead to increased trust and cooperation. These teams can also be more flexible and responsive to changing situations, allowing for quicker problem-solving and decision-making. Additionally, informal teams can help officers develop stronger relationships with the community they serve, leading to improved community policing efforts.
What is the relationship between curriculum and instruction?
In critically reviewing research from phenomenographic, approaches to teaching and learning, academic literacies and social practice approaches, I will argue that each of these approaches separates teaching from learning in some way and in doing so treats academics and students as if they are engaged in separate processes. I will examine the implications of this separation for the explanations that are offered by research into teaching and learning in higher education before considering whether other approaches, less commonly used in research into teaching and learning in higher education, offer a more interactive way of understanding the relationship between teaching and learning.
ou can learn by trial & error, by observation, by experience, by own intelligence/rational thinking, from mistakes, etc. without needing to be "taught" formally. teaching is just one of the ways that can be adopted in order to learn.
teaching, however, CAN speed up learning, make it more focused & relevant.
then, in order to be able to teach, the teacher has to have learnt him/herself - either formally or informally. thus learning precedes teaching. a learner may not be a teacher but a teacher Has to be a learner.
moreover, teaching & learning is actually an on-going interaction & communication between the 2 players. there is stimulus, response, feedback, mutual learning & growth....
you could also talk about situations or people who are not ideal, or are misfits in their role of teacher/learner. eg how bad teaching can dull learning & interest while good teaching can motivate students & optimize learning, association & recall.
This quote demonstrates my view of the relationship between teachers and students. In room 10 we will be learning together and teaching each other. Teaching is meaningful when we find it relevant to our lives right now. When we are actively engaged to learn subject matter we find important our understanding is deeper, and our learning is better.
Learning new complex information can be challenging, and we may make mistakes. Sometimes we may even get frustrated; at times we may feel like giving up. That's when it becomes most important that we are traveling this journey together. You may teach another way to learn, or teach how to keep trying. We learn to encourage each other, to believe in each other. We listen to learn, and we learn to teach.
WHAT IS THE you before e rule?
The "i before e except after c" rule is a spelling guideline that states that in English words, the letter 'i' should come before 'e' except after the letter 'c'. However, there are many exceptions to this rule in English language.
Air waste refers to pollutants and harmful substances released into the atmosphere, often as a result of human activities such as burning fossil fuels, industrial processes, and transportation emissions. These pollutants can lead to poor air quality, negative health effects, and environmental degradation. It is important to minimize air waste to protect public health and the environment.
What are types of lessons teached in schools?
Common types of lessons taught in schools include mathematics, science, language arts (reading/writing), social studies, and physical education. Additionally, schools may offer lessons in art, music, computer science, and foreign languages depending on the curriculum.
What are the main goals of the Department of Education?
The main goals of the department of education are to ensure that there is delivery of high quality education in a country. It sets the atmosphere that guides schools to allow their students to realize their best potential.
What does child centered curriculum mean?
A child centred approach is basically where every child can communicate, make connections and have a choice, which goes on to freedom to think, experience, explore, ask questions, and search for answers.
One of the child development theories?
There are many theories of child development .The one I think that rings true are the theories of Jean Piaget. He was a researcher who worked with Binet to develop the IQ test and one of the things he noticed that children at certain ages gave the same answers for the same things. This got him to thinking that the brain develops at different stages so he came up with a series of ages that match brain development of the child. He also divided learning into stages from birth through to teens. I have tried some of his small experiments with children and he was right on target when he said that a child under the age of one of stages couldn't do something. Over and over through the years I have seen how his theory has tested out with the children I have taught. A more recent researcher Howard Gardner has a new brain theory. He runs a school at Harvard called Project Zero. In addressing school reform issues the brain based theory researcher attempts to define learning styles of students to revel how the students differ in how they learn. It is reasoned that if students with problems are taught with methods that complement their learning styles that learning will increase.
What is an example of intolerance?
An example of intolerance is when someone discriminates against others based on their race, religion, or sexual orientation. This can manifest as hate speech, violence, or exclusion from society. Intolerance undermines diversity and equality in communities.
In general educational terms, some good features (or, strengths) of a handout would be, to begin with, clarity and organization; that is, a good handout must be legible and clearly divided into sections of relevance for the content. Additional strengths would include general coherence (that is, it will make sense to the reader) and a lack of any spelling or grammatical errors.
What is an explainationof deductive method?
Deductive teaching is a more traditional form of teaching. In deductive teaching you typically provide information (lecture), share specific examples of the concept or skill being taught, then, allow students to practice the skill being taught. This is a more teacher-centered model of teaching that is rule driven. Some of the positives of this method are that it is time saving and gets to the point of the lesson easily. Inductive teaching is a constructivist model of teaching that is more student-centered. In inductive teaching first provide examples, then have students practice and figure out the rule themselves. This method of teaching is more experiential and based on a guided discovery learning philosophy.
What is difference between INC and MNC?
INC stands for Incorporation, which is the process of legally forming a company. On the other hand, MNC stands for Multinational Corporation, which is a company that operates in multiple countries. INC refers to the legal status of a company, while MNC refers to the geographical scope of a company's operations.
