Skyglow or overillumination.

If your window is facing towards the street or even to the side, it could be a car passing by. If not, then its probably an alien waiting to abduct you. I'd advise you to sign up for karate so u can beat up the alien that tries to capture. However if its not a UFO, maybe its something in you room reflecting off the window like a watch or something shiny.

In short, yes, but it really depends on how far the planets are from Earth. Planets such as Venus and Jupiter can be seen literally as soon as the sun has set, so nearby planets will be visible in light-polluted cities.

Light is what causes light pollution. Neon by itself won't do a thing unless used in a lit neon sign.

Los Angeles Greater area is the most polluted city in the United States.

Color, moisture, organic content, pH, structure, temperature and texture are reasons why organic dominated soils absorb more light in visible wavelengths than other types of soils. Organic matter, be it compost through human intervention or humus through Mother Nature's involvement, is dark-colored, and dark colors absorb more heat and light whereas light colors are heat-reflective. A carbon basis, inclusion of iron among its nutrients, and moisture retention also serve as key factors in spectral visibility.

Astronauts

The mirror is used to cause reflection of light when incident over it.

Yes, when there is a clear sky the sky always remains a dark blue colour throughout the night.

Too much excess lighting sends light up into the atmosphere, which scatters the light back to the Earth drowning out all the many celestial objects which there are to see.

Light pollution does not affect astronauts, it affects astronomers.

There shouldn't be severe recoil with a Browning A5. Check the friction rings and make sure they are set for the correct loads: Light vs Heavy Loads. If the friction rings are set for light loads, and you are shooting high brass, then it will kick harder than it needs to be.

Light pollution effects animals especially nocturnal animals by interfering with their behaviour. Here is an example: sea turtle babies when hatched have an instinct to go towards light which usually is the full moon. But if you have car lights and people having lights on in there house it attracts them away from the moon. Sometimes turtles die and don't make it to the sea.

No. Auroras are caused by streams of charged particles from the Sun, fired at the Earth by a coronal mass ejection; a massive solar flare. The charged particles interact with the Earth's magnetic field in the upper atmosphere and cause a glow. God's Own Neon Signs in the sky, you might think of it.

Auroras are typically seen only at fairly high latitudes in the winter (because at high latitudes in the summer, the sky is too bright for auroras to be visible). However, a really big CME can cause auroras down to mid-latitudes, and in one extreme case, lit up the skies of Miami, Florida!

Both are as bad as each other but in a completely different way. 'Sound pollution' is called 'noise pollution'.