0
Lutheran
The Lutheran branch of Christianity was named after one of the earliest Protestants, Martin Luther. His thesis, which asked questions about the beliefs of the Catholic church, was nailed to the cathedral door. Some Lutherans believe 'The Book of Concord,' published in 1580, contains authoritative explanations of Scripture.
617 Questions
Magdeburg
How did the roman Catholic church react to luthers ideas?
The Catholic Church reacted by trying to save him, when he continued in his heresy, by excommunicating him, and attempting to save those being led astray by his teachings. The whole movement thus resulting was called the counter-reformation by modern scholars. The Holy Roman Emperor at the time was Charles V, this is from Wikipedia:
As Holy Roman Emperor, Charles called Martin Luther to the Diet of Worms in 1521, promising him safe conduct if he would appear. Initially dismissing Luther's theses as "an argument between monks", he later outlawed Luther and his followers in that same year but was tied up with other concerns and unable to take action against Protestantism.
That is all the involvement from the Holy Roman Emperor, who was a civil leader of most of Europe at the time. As for the Catholic Reformation, called the counter-reformation by secular scholars:
from A Catholic Dictionary, edited by Donald Attwater, Second edition, revised 1957The Counter-Reformation is the name given to the Catholic movement of reform and activity which lasted for about one hundred years from the beginning of the Council of Trent (q.v., 1545), and was the belated answer to the threatening confusion and increasing attacks of the previous years. It was the work principally of the Popes St. Pius V and Gregory XIII and the Council itself in the sphere of authority, of SS. Philip Neri and Charles Borromeo in the reform of the clergy and of life, of St. Ignatius and the Jesuits in apostolic activity of St. Francis Xavier in foreign missions, and of St. Teresa in the purely contemplative life which lies behind them all. But these were not the only names nor was it a movement of a few only; the whole Church emerged from the 15th century purified and revivified. On the other hand, it was a reformation rather than a restoration; the unity of western Christendom was destroyed; the Church militant (those still on earth) led by the Company of Jesus adopted offence as the best means of defence and, though she gained as much as she lost in some sense, the Church did not recover the exercise of her former spiritual supremacy in actuality.
from
Modern Catholic Dictionary by John A. Hardon, S.J. Doubleday & Co., Inc. Garden City, NY 1980
A period of Catholic revival from 1522 to about 1648, better know as the Catholic Reform. It was an effort to stem the tide of Protestantism by genuine reform within the Catholic Church. There were political movements pressured by civil rules, and ecclesiastical movements carried out by churchmen in an attempt to restore genuine Catholic life by establishing new religious orders such as the Society of Jesus and restoring old orders to their original observances, such as the Carmelites under St. Teresa of Avila (1515-98). The main factors responsible for the Counter Reformation, however, were the papacy and the council of Trent (1545-63). Among church leaders St. Charles Borromeo (1538-84), Archbishop of Milan, enforced the reforms decreed by the council, and St. Francis de Sales of Geneva (1567-1622) spent his best energies in restoring genuine Catholic doctrine and piety. Among civil rulers sponsoring the needed reform were Philip II of Spain (1527-98) and Mary Tudor (1516-58), his wife, in England. Unfortunately this aspect of the reformation led to embitterment between England and Scotland, England and Spain, Poland and Sweden, and to almost two centuries of religious wars. As a result of the Counter Reformation, the Catholic Church became stronger in her institutional structure, more dedicated to the work of evangelization, and more influential in world affairs.
Johannes Polhemius entered Heidelberg University at the height of the fervor over the Winter King and Queen, the Palatinate Elector Frederick and his wife Elizabeth, daughter of James I of England. Heidelberg University was the intellectual center of a progressive (as we would say now) theological and philosophical movement influenced by esotericism and characterized by aspirations to 'spiritual alchemy' - that is, the transformation and purification of the spirit (rather than of metal). It was Protestant, but marked by greater tolerance toward other variants of Protestantism than was Lutheranism. It is not improbable that Rev. Johannes followed his professors' bent of thought as a young man. In fact, his rejection by his Dutch congregation in the Netherlands, on the grounds that his way of speaking was too Palatinate, may give a hint he never really abandoned it. They may have objected to the content of some of his sermons, rather than merely to his accent. His thinking may have been a bit too liberal for them.
What did Luther's 36th theses mean?
Luther's 36th thesis is:
Any Christian whatsoever, who is truly repentant, enjoys plenary remission from penalty and guilt, and this is given him without letters of indulgence.
Luther is claiming that Indulgences will not allow sins to be forgiven. The only way for sins to be forgiven it so believe in Christ and be truly repentant, or sorry, for the sins. One must ask God for forgiveness.
What events happened on June 24 1938?
A 450 metric ton meteorite strikes the earth in an empty field near Chicora, Pennsylvania.
Source: Wikipedia
Martin Luther had how many grievances with the Catholic Church when he posted his famous Theses?
Luther posted 95 thesis on the door of Wittenburg Castle Church, but those weren't all of his grievances. Luther had more issues, but these were some of them that he wanted people to discuss with him.
What does Luther's motto ' by faith alone' mean?
Martin Luther's intense study of the Bible revealed to him that salvation could only be granted on the basis of faith alone rather than by works, the latter being the way the Roman Catholic church of the time believed.
How did Martin Luther explained agape?
Martin Luther called agápe the Christian love denying the synthesis (which is the absorption of éros and agape) concept by Augustine and Catholic traditions. He saw agápe as non motivational and unconditional love that seeks and perfects the sinner. Luther understands agápe as the essence of God. He took a theological and ethical approach.
Did Martin Luther return to Catholicism?
No! he never come back to the Catholic church instead he opposed the teaching of his old religion.
When Protestant name first used?
The word Protestant is derived from the Latin protestari, meaning publicly declare, which refers to the letter of protestation by Lutheran princes against the decision of the Diet of Speyer in 1529, which reaffirmed the edict of the Diet of Worms in 1521, banning Luther's documents. Since that time, the term Protestantism or Protestant has been used in many different senses, often as a general term merely to signify that they are not Roman Catholics.
A German that argued against the sale of indulgences and later translated the Bible into German?
Martin Luther (1483-1546) was a German monk of the Augustinian order who was exposed to the teachings of one Johannes Tetzel on indulgences. One such teaching (which loses a little in translation from German) was 'as soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory springs.' These moneys so raised were used both for construction projects in Rome and for war efforts, both of which (particularly the latter), caused a degree of consternation in Germany, including from Luther himself.
Luther struggled with his own personal conscience and over a period of time, including a visit to Rome on Augustinian business saw the corruption and light-hearted nature of the priesthood there, including gross immorality. He was thus beginning to be disillusioned with the system to which he had dedicated his life and sought refuge both in further personal deprivations, personal counsel of a superior, and in the word of God itself.
This latter study, led him to the conclusion that indulgences, in both the way they were being taught and promoted, as well as in principle were wrong. This was based on a new understanding of what the Bible taught about salvation and grace.
Luther's 95 Theses Against Indulgences, posted on the door of the Castle Church at Wittenburg on October 31, 1517. This was followed by a much larger treatise on the same subject which made him a marked man as far as the Roman Catholic church was concerned. Although he had intended to remain a Catholic and reform the church, not willing to believe the pope could be corrupt, he later came to a different conclusion.
The necessity of the Protestant Reformation?
The Protestant Reformation was deemed to be necessary to correct abuses and corruption that were endemic within the Roman Catholic Church, which used its far-reaching spiritual, financial, and political power to control and manipulate people afraid for their eternal souls. The Reformation helped refocus organized religion on its fundamental tenets--and was responsible in part as well for the later Counterreformation, which was a reformation within the Catholic Church that sought to rid itself of some of these abuses.
Better said would be a large number of disenchanted Catholics believed a change was necessary. And, the Anglican Church was believed to be too much like Catholicism.
What happened to the Lutherans during the holocaust?
They had the choice to join the state approved branch or the opposing branch.
What role did john Westley play in reformation?
John Wesley played a big part in the reformation , he also wrote many hymns.
Does the Church of Sweden permit same-sex marriage?
Yes. The Church of Sweden regularly performs same-sex marriages.
What did Martin Luther believe was wrong with the Roman Catholic Church when he wrote this?
There were many things that he didn't like. One was that no one outside of the clergy could read the Bible. It wasn't in German. It was mostly Latin. So he translated it into German so the common people could understand it and read it by themselves. Another big thing was that the Catholic Church had indulgences. They told people that the only way for their deceased loved ones to get out of purgatory and into Heaven was to pay money. Luther said that that was wrong and the only way into Heaven was faith in Jesus Christ. These are just two but you could google it and find out many other things he didn't like about the Roman Catholic Church.
What did Luther criticise the Roman Catholic Church for selling?
indulgences...people having to buy their way into heaven or pergatory
What was the main reason of the 95 Theses?
Luther posted the 95 theses, because he was upset about the indulgences that Johann Tetzel had been selling and the papal keys sold by the pope, because both were using the income for themselves not the church out of greed.
