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Lutheran
The Lutheran branch of Christianity was named after one of the earliest Protestants, Martin Luther. His thesis, which asked questions about the beliefs of the Catholic church, was nailed to the cathedral door. Some Lutherans believe 'The Book of Concord,' published in 1580, contains authoritative explanations of Scripture.
617 Questions
How did the Catholic church respond to Luthers teachings?
The pope excommunicated him forthwith (1). In a culture that the Church had created in that 'there was 'no salvation outside the Church' this was tantamount to comdemning him to hell. However, the Church's belief that there was 'no salvation outside the Church' is erroneous as scripture requires only that Faith in Jesus Christ is needed (2).
That said, the Church did then undergo its own internal Reformation, and revisited many of the concerns that Luther had raised, and, credit where credit is due, did clean up its act but not before the Reformation had taken hold right across Europe and beyond.
NOTES (Added here by a different author than the one who composed the above response):
(1) In the Catholic Church, excommunication serves a couple purposes. First, it informs those who sin gravely, typically in certain public matters, that they are separated from God's grace and so risk the loss of heaven if they are not reconciled with God before they die. The advantage to the fallen could be invaluable. Second, excommunication informs those who may be unaware that certain people, people whom they previously trusted to provide reliable examples and teachings about what is necessary for salvation, are no longer dependable. The advantage to the faithful can be significant.
(2) The Catholic Church teaches that baptism is necessary for salvation. It can be achieved, however, by three means. First, recalling Israel's delivery through water from slavery, the typical means to be saved from slavery to sin is through baptism by water where the Father, Son and Holy Spirit are invoked, and the intention to become part of God's family is desired. Second, a person may be baptized by "desire", meaning that they have lived with all their heart the truths about God that they found or were exposed to during their lifetimes. Third, that a person chooses death rather than renounce what they know to be true about God. The latter is called baptism by blood. With regard to there being "no salvation outside the Church", it is not simply a matter of "membership" in the Catholic Church. For more authoritative information on these and other questions, the Catholic Church publishes the "Catechism of the Catholic Church", a comprehensive summary of what the Church teaches and why.
.Catholic AnswerThe Catholic Church responded to Luther's heresy broadly with the Catholic reform, known as the "counter-reformation" by protestants and secular scholars. With Martin Luther, specifically, it condemned all of his teachings at the Council of Trent, which was an Ecumenical Council of the entire Church which has served from the very beginning (first century) to be the way the Church has resolved these kind of issues.from
A Catholic Dictionary, edited by Donald Attwater, Second edition, revised 1957
The Counter-Reformation is the name given to the Catholic movement of reform and activity which lasted for about one hundred years from the beginning of the Council of Trent (q.v., 1545), and was the belated answer to the threatening confusion and increasing attacks of the previous years. It was the work principally of the Popes St. Pius V and Gregory XIII and the Council itself in the sphere of authority, of SS. Philip Neri and Charles Borromeo in the reform of the clergy and of life, of St. Ignatius and the Jesuits in apostolic activity of St. Francis Xavier in foreign missions, and of St. Teresa in the purely contemplative life which lies behind them all. But these were not the only names nor was it a movement of a few only; the whole Church emerged from the 15th century purified and revivified. On the other hand, it was a reformation rather than a restoration; the unity of western Christendom was destroyed; the Church militant (those still on earth) led by the Company of Jesus adopted offence as the best means of defence and, though she gained as much as she lost in some sense, the Church did not recover the exercise of her former spiritual supremacy in actuality.
from
Modern Catholic Dictionary by John A. Hardon, S.J. Doubleday & Co., Inc. Garden City, NY 1980
A period of Catholic revival from 1522 to about 1648, better know as the Catholic Reform. It was an effort to stem the tide of Protestantism by genuine reform within the Catholic Church. There were political movements pressured by civil rules, and ecclesiastical movements carried out by churchmen in an attempt to restore genuine Catholic life by establishing new religious orders such as the Society of Jesus and restoring old orders to their original observances, such as the Carmelites under St. Teresa of Avila (1515-98). The main factors responsible for the Counter Reformation, however, were the papacy and the council of Trent (1545-63). Among church leaders St. Charles Borromeo (1538-84), Archbishop of Milan, enforced the reforms decreed by the council, and St. Francis de Sales of Geneva (1567-1622) spent his best energies in restoring genuine Catholic doctrine and piety. Among civil rulers sponsoring the needed reform were Philip II of Spain (1527-98) and Mary Tudor (1516-58), his wife, in England. Unfortunately this aspect of the reformation led to embitterment between England and Scotland, England and Spain, Poland and Sweden, and to almost two centuries of religious wars. As a result of the Counter Reformation, the Catholic Church became stronger in her institutional structure, more dedicated to the work of evangelization, and more influential in world affairs.
How effective were the church's responses to Luther's teachings?
It changed many churches thinking in Europe.
When did martin Luther nailed his list of reforms to the church door?
Luther posted his "95 thesis on the power and efficacy of indulgences" on the church door in 1517, although there is some doubt as to whether or not the thesis was ever posted on the door.
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Catholic AnswerYour question is making several incorrect assumptions. First of all, there was no "indulgence selling campaign." Second of all, indulgences could never be "sold" as such, they used to be granted for any of the works of mercy, especially for the three primary works of penace: Prayer, fasting, and almsgiving. Thus, up until the time of Martin Luther, it was perfectly respectable to earn an indulgence that was attached to a work of almsgiving. In this particular case, the almsgiving was a donation to the Church for the rebuilding of St. Peter's Basilica. Due to all the misinformation put out at the time, it is no longer possible. But even back then, the almsgiving was only part of the "work" necessary to earn an indulgence. As with today's indulgences (yes, they are still very much a part of the Church's teaching) a person must be in a state of grace, he must have been to confession within a week of the act being performed, and he should have made a good Communion, and said prayers for the Holy Father on the day that the work is performed. This is right out of the current Enchiridion of Indulgences Norms and Grants. Finally, even then, indulgences was NOT what led Martin Luther to flee the Catholic Church, his morals were, or shall we say, lack thereof. The man's name that you are looking for is Fr. Johann Tetzel, you may read more about him and this little problem with M. Luther at the link below. Further research, even from 100 years ago when the Catholic Encyclopedia was printed, has proved that the vast amount of libel about Fr. Tetzel is just that, unproven gossip mongering. All of the baseless charges leveled by protestant "theologians" and "historians" over the years has been pure fantasy, or research based on pure fantasy.Why did the Lutheran church break away from the Catholic Church?
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Catholic AnswerThe Lutheran Ecclesial Community did not "break away" from the Catholic Church. It was founded by Martin Luther, a heretic who left the Catholic Church in the sixteenth century and was excommunicated.What are the different types of Lutheranism?
There is really only one type. There are, however, many different "synods," dioceses or jurisdictions. In many European countries, the Lutheran Church is the state church only divided by political-geographical boundary and language. For example, the Church of Norway has different bishops and dioceses than the Church of Sweden while both are Lutheran Churches with the same basic principles. In the U.S., there are three major synods, the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, the Lutheran Church-Missouri Synod and the Wisconsin Evangelical Lutheran Synod. Each started as a separate immigrant Church only divided by language. The three Churches follow the same basic beliefs and practices while they remain separate due to minor theological and polity issues along conservative/liberal lines and of interpretation of the Bible and Lutheran Symbolical writings.
What does the name Luther mean?
someone who can eat a ball sack breakfast and hold it down with a smile on there face.
Martin Luther when threatened with expulsion from the Church did what?
During the 1500s in Western Europe, Martin Luther's protests of the Church were met eventually with a number of threatened retaliations, including excommunication (or, expulsion). Martin Luther's response was to stand on his conscience and refuse to betray his convictions.
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Lutherans accept the Biblical canon accepted by the early Church as formally counted in the Synod of Hippo and the Council of Carthage. The apocryphal books later formally accepted by the Roman Catholic Church are concidered inspired and good for learning, but are not normally included in the lectionary of the Lutheran Church. So, basically the Lutheran Church accepts the same Bible as the rest of Western Christendom. Throughout the history of the Lutheran Church, clergy and theologians have been required to be fully educated in the Biblical languages. For this reason, a seperate, specifiallly Lutheran Bible has not been printed. The tradition is to always refer to the original text for the best accuracy. The most famous Lutheran Bible would have to be the Gutenberg Bible. Luther translated this Bible into the language of the people at a time when it was usually read in Latin by priests who knew Latin and most lay people did not.
When did Martin Luther translate the Bible?
Martin Luther translated the Bible into German in 1519-1522.
What aspects of the catholic church did Martin Luther disaprove of?
Excessive devotion to St.Mary as the Mother of God. ( it is extremely rare to find a Lutheran church named after her) statues, relics and other ( props) often used and sold as a money-raising scheme ( which could be fraudulent) the political exceesesof the Roman church- and the Italian domination- Luther would have been in favor of democratic or home-rule politics also. Read any of the good books about Luther by Philip Hughes, for example
What year was the Lutheran church started?
The Luthern church was founded in roughly 1520 by Martin Luther.
Why did Martin Luther write the German Bible?
Martin Luther did not write the German Bible, but he did translate it. For centuries, the Bible was out of reach of most Christians. The only copies that existed were in Latin, which most people could not read or understand, and it was left to the clergy who were educated in the Latin language to mete out their own explanations - a practice which tended to be subjective, rather than objective. A Dutch scholar by the name of Erasmus (or Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus), who was a contemporary of Martin Luther, saw how the Bible was being withheld from the common people. Like Luther, Erasmus was critical of some Roman Catholic beliefs, abuses and practices. A Catholic priest himself (again, like Luther) and a scholar of Latin and Greek, Erasmus carefully studied the original Greek texts and put together the first copy of the Greek translation of the Bible, which was published in 1516. It was this action which gave Luther the foundation, and motivation, to translate the entire New Testament into German. This action made the Bible accessible to all people, which was what Luther wanted. He was not interested in rules and rituals: he was interested in making the Gospel of Salvation available to everyone. Further information: Even in the 18th century Latin was the language of the educated, of art and science and mathematics. In the middle ages illiteracy rates were high. Until around 1440, there was no printing press to print the Bible. There were however many vernacular translations prior to Luther (Italian, French, English etc) for people to read if they could afford to pay a scribe to make them a copy, or were literate so they could read the chained copy (to stop it being stolen) at their local church. In total however, there were at least eighteen complete German Bible editions, ninety editions in the vernacular of the Gospels and the readings of the Sundays and Holy Days, and some fourteen German Psalters by the time Luther first published his own New Testament translation. (Paul Arblaster, Gergely Juhász, Guido Latré (eds.), Tyndale's Testament, Brepols 2002, p. 116). For the text of Erasmus, which Luther used, he was missing part of Revelation and so had to use the Latin Vulgate (Biblia Sacra) and translate it into Greek. Erasmus dedicated the first edition of his work to Pope Leo X.
A list of churches that changed do to Martin Luther?
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Why Martin Luther was mad at the church?
Martin Luther was angry at the church because he believed that the church was corrupt and people only needed to follow the bible and not traditions made by the church hope this helps. I'm in 9th grade btw sorry if I'm wrong.
Why did the pope wait to excommunicate Martin Luther?
He waited, because Luther had many people's attention and sympathies. The pope was hoping to pressure Luther to recant, so that his sympathizers would run to the Church of the pope. If Luther was excommunicated outright, those "followers" would likely stay with Luther and reject the imposed papal authority. When Luther was clear that he maintained his stand, he was excommunicated and many Christians went with him.
