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Nationalism

Nationalism is a political ideology that believes in loyalty to one's nation, usually based on ethnic connections, historical ties, or loyalty to shared institutions. Nationalism was the philosophy behind the creation of the Nation-State in the 1800s, resulting in the unification of Germany and Italy and the disintegration of the Ottoman and Austro-Hungarian Empires along ethnic lines. Nationalism was always opposed by cosmopolitanism and in today's global economy, the dialogue between advocates of either tends to be tense.

1,025 Questions

How nationalism in Europe was different from nationalism in Asia and Africa?

If comparing nationalism formed in Europe and in the colonies in Asia, influencing see great ideas of liberalism to the desire of the European and Asian government to come to represent the true wishes of the citizens

How have nationalism and economic affect women?

How have nationalism and economic development affected women in the Other World?

What is the meaning of Economic Nationalism?

a term use to describe policies which emphasize on domestic control of the economy, labor and capital formation, even if this requires the impositions of tariffs and other restrictions on the movement of labor, goods and capitals.

What does nationalism mean in music?

see i told you people can get on and right answers

What are the positives and negatives of nationalism in Europe after 1815?

Depends on what you mean by nationalism. Nationalism can vary from simply being national pride or patriotism (which are generally seen as being positive attitudes) to rampant bigotry and parochialism whereby anything "foreign" is vilified and rejected (Nazism/Fascism are extreme examples of this).

Generally, nationalism is used to describe the more negative concepts as opposed to the more positive ones. Nationalism is linked either directly or implicitly to racism, racial conflicts and bigotry whereby the population is indoctrinated to behave in frenzied and unquestioning manner.

However, if the word is used without judegement the positives are:

1) Patriotism and national pride. This is opposed to national apathy or even self hatred of ones nation and its culture.

2) Civic pride whereby people consider the wellbeing of the nation to be important in their everyday lives. JFK said it best when he pronounced "think not what your country can do for you, think what you can do for your country".

3) A more cohesive society so long as nationalism is not linked to racial qualities. True positive nationalism embraces newcomers and instills them with the same pride in their new homeland that those born there already have.

Negatives are:

1) Bigotry and intolerance. Human nature being what it is tends to corrupt concepts that should be positive. Isolationism, racism and ethnic conflict are common.

2) Facism. The extreme is always a possibility once the door has been opened.

3) Simplistic thinking and population control through propaganda. Nationalism by its nature tends not to allow deversity of opinions and this results in accusations of disloyalty. As soon as you hear people shout phrases such as "un-American", "un-British" and "un-Australian" etc etc around, its a sign of people hijacking national identity to quell the views of their oponents.

4) Expolitation of the people by their leaders. JFK's already quoted statement can also have a horrendous aspect to it: reducing citizens to mindless drones to be exploited whereby the government does not serve the people, the people serve the government.

5) The creation of false enemies. Either in the form of actual people or in concepts, nationalism tends to create the existance of opposing forces, those who are a threat to the nation. Usually, these are not really a threat at all but are perceived so because they do not conform. Homosexuals, religious groups, ethnic groups, conscientious objectors, foreign powers and new ideas are all frequently portrayed as "wrong" or a threat.

What was judicial nationalism?

Judicial refers to the Judges and Jury part of our government. Nationalism is the Federal government outweighing and controlling the State Governments.

So put it together. Judicial Nationalism is the power of the Courts controlling state affairs and rights. And also the other parts of the government, Congress and Presidential.

Why did communism fail to connect with nationalism?

The inability to connect communism with nationalism left communist regimes vulnerable throughout eastern and western Europe. The hope that reform might push the regimes to a less harsh and more enlightened communist rule with Nikita Khrushchev's vision of a more prosperous and humane communism inspired a generation of reformers in the Soviet Union and Europe. By the early 1970s, intellectuals and dissidents abandoned all hope for a humane socialism. Strains on the Soviet economy, obvious signs of discontent, and a new Soviet orientation by Mikhail S. Gorbachev, the new Soviet leader, led to the collapse or overthrow of regimes in Poland, Bulgaria, Hungary, Czechoslovakia, Romania, and East Germany. The end of communism came first in Poland, where Solidarity, a combined trade union and nationalist movement, put pressure on the Communist Party. These two systems never connected because nationalism was about pride and freedom while communism was more about rules, regulations, and uniformity within a society. In Czechoslovakia, a "velvet revolution" swept communists out of office and restored democracy by 1990. The failure of these communist nations produced a quicker defeat of the Soviet Union with the pace of reform eventually leading to the ultimate collapse. The Soviet system disintegrated soon after other communist countries fell, a feat deemed impossible by many of the age. Boris Yeltsin, Gorbachev's former friend and ally, dismantled the Communist Party, lead the country towards democracy and became the first president of Russia.

Enumerate the Filipino nationalism accelerators and decelerators?

Decelerators:

1. Geographic barriers

2. The lack of communication and transportation structures

3. Presence of travel passports (papeletas de permiso) and other permits (caritas de radio)

4. Linguistic differences and absence of a common language

5. Spanish policy of divide et impera (divide and rule)

Accelerators:

1. Spanish colonialism

2. The influx of liberal ideas

3. Racial discrimination

4. Rise of middle classes

5. Secular and Regular conflicts

6. The execution of the Gomburza

What does nascent nationalism mean?

When a people is threatened by external enemies or even foreigners infiltrated in their country, nationalism is triggered.

How was nationalism important in the age of exploration?

What role dide the Age of exploration take play in nationalism

When does nationalism turn to ultranationalism?

There is not a clear distinction between nationalism and ultranationalism; it differs along a gradient. Ultranationalism, usually develops in one of four main cases: (1) Strong Successes of Nation-States, (2) Strong Failures of Nation-States, (3) Ethnic Imbalances in Nation-States, and (4) Demagoguery.

(1) Strong Successes of Nation-States: Since the nation-state is usually created through some sort of stuggle (like an independence war or unification war), a rapid success may confer on patriotic nationalists the idea that the nation-state is Divinely assisted or has the "hand of Destiny". We can see this transition most clearly in the case of Israel, where the great success in the Six Day War has resulted in the development of Ultranationalism in the West Bank territories by those who believe that God is on Israel's side.

(2) Strong Failures of Nation-States: However, if a nation-state encounters a serious setback, this leads to a strong sense of irrendentism in numerous nationalists who believe that the reason for the failures of the country does not have to do with specific political choices, but the toleration of minority groups and other impurities with the nationalism as enacted. We can see this transition most clearly in the case of Weimar Germany, where the failures of World War I and the Depression led to the Nazis becoming empowered on irridentist forms of ultrantionalism.

(3) Ethnic Imbalances in Nation-States: The Nation-State is defined by having one dominant ethnicity for which the state becomes a cultural amplifier. If a different ethnic group with a different culture becomes large enough to threaten the dominant ethnic group, it usually leads to some members of the dominant ethnic group to embrace ultranationalism since they believe that the institutions of the country that they support will soon come under attack. We can see this in much of Europe where large Muslim immigration has occurred, resulting in a strongly-felt change of ethnic balances and the development of ultranationalist groups, like the UK's English Defense League.

(4) Demagoguery: If a particular leader or institution (such as an established religion or the military) becomes a charismatic symbol of nationalism, his/its followers can be easily radicalized by slavish devotion to that personnage and his/its ideals. One of the more famous symbols of this is Turkey's Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. As a demogogue he created a wave of Turkish Nationalism and Irridentism that hinged on his personality and prowess as a military commander.

How did the spread of nationalism impact Germany during the 18th century?

It helped early German leaders unify communities across the country.

How can nationalism be both unifying and a disunifying force?

In the Civil War time period, the Ku Klux Klan could be considered a unifying and dis-unifying force. If you think about it, it was unifying because it brought strong radicals of the south ( the southern democrats) together to try and pass their beliefs and show they did not want to be part of the union again, and show that they do indeed hate blacks or any other minority for that matter and were willing to do whatever it took (even murder) to get that point across. These acts were quite disruptive; they broke the law, committed heinous crimes, I'm sure without even explaining you know what they were notorious for. So yeah, if it comes down to it the KKK could be considered in most cases a unifying and dis-unifying force.

What are the disadvantages and disadvantages of nationalism?

I personally think nationalism is a diesease. It makes ppl self serving and along with propoganda, arrogant. It causes others to suffer while you sit in a comfy chair. It stops advancement in any type of world peace. It causes wars, it destroys less fortunate countries.

on the bright side, you get a "rah rah" feeling when your soldiers kill ppl. and I guess, it is good for moral.

What extent was Germany's support of the Nationalists effective?

The Nationalist Socialist Party (NAZI's) was effective enough to become the head of the German government.

Positive and negative consequences of nationalism?

what are the positive and negative consequences of human actions on the ocean environment

When did the nationalist and communist have to work together?

One answer is that the Chinese Communist, led by Mao-Tse Tung, and the Nationalist, led by Chiang Kai-Shek, worked together in World War II to fight against the Japanese. However, after the war, the two resumed the Chinese Civil War and the communist won, and they are still in power as of today.

What did nationalists want in Austria-Hungary in the 1800s?

To split up into nations with clear ethnic identities, like a German Austria, a Hungarian Hungary, a Slovene Slovenia, a Croat Croatia, a Polish Poland, and a Romanian Romania.

What is a nationalist in northern Ireland?

A Nationalist in Northern Ireland refers to an individual who wants the political dominion of Northern Ireland leaving the United Kingdom and instead joining with the Republic of Ireland in the south.